United India Insurance Company Limited vs Hajira Bano And Others on 5 August, 2026

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    Jammu & Kashmir High Court – Srinagar Bench

    United India Insurance Company Limited vs Hajira Bano And Others on 5 August, 2026

                    HIGH COURT OF JAMMU &KASHMIR AND LADAKH
                                   AT SRINAGAR
    
                                                 Mac App No. 28/2023
    
                                                                    Reserved on: .30.07.2026
                                                                   Pronounced on: 05.08.2026
                                                                    Uploaded on: 05.08.2026
                                                               Whether the operative part or Full
                                                               Judgment is Pronounced: Full.
    
                    United India Insurance Company Limited
                                                                                   .....Appellant(s)
    
                                     Through: Ms. Rifat Khalida, Advocate
    
                                                                V/s
                    Hajira Bano and others
                                                                                  ..... Respondent(s)
    
                                     Through: Ms Sabeena Naveed, Sr. Advocate with
                                              Ms Shaila Rasool, Advocate
    
                    CORAM:
    
                    HON'BLE MS. JUSTICE MOKSHA KHAJURIA KAZMI JUDGE
    
                                                     JUDGMENT
    

    1. The Insurance Company, appellant, has filed this appeal seeking to set

    aside the Award dated 02.05.2023 passed by the Motor Accidents

    SPONSORED

    Claims Tribunal, Srinagar, in case titled Mst Hajira and others v. Sajad

    Ah. Bangroo and others, whereby, the claim petition preferred by the

    respondents for awarding compensation in their favour being the

    dependents of a 37 years old lady Ms Aaliya Ali Mir D/o Ali

    Mohammad W/o Dr. Muzafar-ul-Sultan R/o Wanbal Rawalpora

    Srinagar, who died in a motor accident on 22.08.2015, has been allowed

    and the appellant has been saddled with the liability to pay

    compensation of Rs. 97,39,525/- along with simple interest @ 6% per

    annum from the date of presentation of claim till its final realization.

    Mohammad Yaseen Dar
    I attest to the accuracy and
    authenticity of this
    document
    FACTUAL MATRIX

    2. The deceased, Aaliya aged about 37 years at the time of the accident,

    was working as a Lecturer in DIET, Pampore, Pulwama, drawing a gross

    monthly salary of Rs. 53986/- as deposed by the Principal, DIET

    Pampore and the Branch Incharge United India Insurance Company. On

    22.08.2015, the deceased was travelling in the offending vehicle (TATA

    407 LP-Bus) bearing registration No. JK01N 5927 towards Dodpathri

    and upon reaching Khansahib, the driver of the vehicle lost control over

    the vehicle which turned turtle, the deceased sustained fatal injuries on

    account of the rash and negligent driving of the driver of the offending

    vehicle owned by respondent No. 1 before the Tribunal and insured with

    the appellant-Insurance Company vide Policy No.

    1114033114P147590975 which was valid as on the date of the accident.

    3. The Tribunal, on appreciation of the oral and documentary evidence,

    returned a finding that the accident occurred solely on account of the

    rash and negligent driving of the driver of the offending vehicle, and that

    finding has attained finality, not having been assailed before this Court.

    The sole controversy raised in this appeal pertains to the quantum of

    compensation awarded viz. the seven years.

    SUBMISSIONS ON BEHALF OF THE APPELLANT

    4. Learned counsel for the appellant-Insurance Company does not dispute

    the multiplicand, the multiplier of 15 applied in view of the age of the

    deceased (37 years), or the addition of 50% towards future prospects,

    keeping in mind the law laid down by the Constitution Bench of the

    Hon’ble Supreme Court in National Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Pranay Sethi,

    Mohammad Yaseen Dar
    I attest to the accuracy and
    authenticity of this
    document

    MAC APP No. 28/2023 Page 2 of 11
    (2017) 16 SCC 680. The limited grievance urged is that the deceased

    being a Lecturer in the DIET Pampore, Pulwama, a Government run

    Institution, the respondents/claimants, on account of the death-cum-

    retirement service benefits extended by the employer, have continued to

    or might receive the full salary of the deceased for a period of seven (7)

    years after her death, and that this amount, having accrued to the

    dependents as a direct consequence of the death, ought to have been

    deducted from the compensation payable, failing which the claimants

    would stand unjustly enriched with a double benefit for the very same

    loss of dependency.

    5. It is accordingly submitted that the Tribunal committed an error in law in

    not adverting to this aspect and in failing to deduct the said amount

    while computing the compensation payable, and that the Award to that

    extent deserves to be set aside/modified.

    6. In support of her submissions, the learned counsel referred to and relied

    upon the law laid down in the judgments delivered by the Supreme Court

    in cases titled Reliance General Insurance Co. Ltd., v. Shashi Sharma &

    Ors; reported as AIR 2016 SC 4465; Krishna & Ors., v. Tek Chand &

    Ors., reported as 2024 Livelaw (SC) 116; Reliance General Insurance

    Company v. Kanika reported as 2026 Livelaw (SC) 196; National

    Insurance Company Ltd., v. Purna Devi and others reported as

    AIRONLINE 2020 J&K 458 and judgment of this Court delivered in case

    titled Nasima Begum v. National Insurance Company Limited and others

    bearing CMAM No. 116/2017 decided on 20.03.2019 read with its

    Mohammad Yaseen Dar
    I attest to the accuracy and
    authenticity of this
    document

    MAC APP No. 28/2023 Page 3 of 11
    review petition bearing RPC no. 04/2019 [RP no. 15/2019] decided on

    03.07.2021.

    SUBMISSIONS ON BEHALF OF THE RESPONDENTS

    7. Per contra, learned counsel for the respondents/claimants supports the

    impugned Award and submits that the payment of salary/family pension

    or any compassionate benefit extended by the employer of the deceased

    to her dependents is referable to an independent service/statutory

    relationship between the employer and the deceased, has no correlation

    whatsoever with the tortuous liability of the owner and Insurer of the

    offending vehicle, and cannot be permitted to be set off against the

    compensation payable for the loss of dependency occasioned by the

    accident. It is submitted that the law on this point is well settled and does

    not admit of any different view.

    8. The learned senior counsel also referred to SRO 391 of 1983 to indicate

    that the full salary that was being made available to the dependents of

    the employee dying in harness has ceased to exist in terms of Rule 20

    (bb) inserted in the CSR vide SRO 391 dated 15.7.1983.

    9. The learned senior counsel for the respondents/ claimants referred to and

    relied upon the judgment delivered by the Supreme Court in case titled

    Sarla Verma and others v. Delhi Transport Corporation and ors,

    reported as MANU/SC/0606/2009

    ANALYSIS:

    10. Heard learned counsel for the parties, perused the record of the Tribunal,

    including the impugned Award and considered the submissions made.

    Mohammad Yaseen Dar
    I attest to the accuracy and
    authenticity of this
    document

    MAC APP No. 28/2023 Page 4 of 11

    11. The short question that falls for consideration is whether the

    salary/family pension or other terminal or compassionate benefits paid

    by the employer of the deceased to her dependents, consequent upon her

    death, are liable to be deducted from the compensation awarded under

    the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, for the loss of dependency suffered on

    account of the accident.

    12. In the present case, the receipt of the benefit of salary for seven years is

    disputed by the learned counsel for the respondents/ claimants. The

    learned senior counsel would submit that no such benefit is available to

    the respondents/ claimants in terms of the Rules. She would submit that

    the dependents of the deceased are only entitled to receive enhanced

    pension and not salary as claimed by the learned counsel for the

    appellant and such enhanced pension is independent of the compensation

    granted in terms of the Motor Vehicles Act.

    13. It is by now well settled that compensation payable under the Motor

    Vehicles Act is in the nature of pecuniary damages for the loss of

    dependency caused to the family of the deceased by reason of a wrongful

    act, namely, the accident caused by the negligence of the offending

    vehicle. The liability of the owner and the Insurer to pay such

    compensation arises independently of, and is unconnected with, any

    benefit that the dependents may receive from source collateral to the

    tortfeasor, such as the employer of the deceased.

    14. The Hon’ble Supreme Court, in Helen C. Rebello v. Maharashtra

    SRTC, (1998) 1 SCC 90, has authoritatively held that amounts received

    by the dependents of a deceased from sources such as provident fund,

    Mohammad Yaseen Dar
    I attest to the accuracy and
    authenticity of this
    document

    MAC APP No. 28/2023 Page 5 of 11
    pension, insurance and the like are not liable to be deducted from the

    compensation payable under the Motor Vehicles Act, as such amounts

    do not flow from the tortfeasor but accrue to the dependents by virtue of

    a separate contractual or statutory relationship, and are intended to

    benefit the dependents in addition to, and not in substitution of, the

    compensation payable for the accidental death.

    15. This principle has been consistently reiterated by the Hon’ble Supreme

    Court, including in Vimal Kanwar v. Kishore Dan, (2013) 7 SCC 476,

    wherein it was held that family pension is a statutory benefit flowing

    from the rules governing the service of the deceased and cannot be

    equated with compensation payable for the wrongful act of the

    tortfeasor; the source and object of the two payments being entirely

    distinct, one cannot be set off against the other.

    16. Applying the aforesaid settled position, the fact that the employer of the

    deceased, out of its own service rules or compassionate policy, chose to

    continue paying the salary of the deceased to her dependents for a period

    of seven years, which however does not appear to be correct as no Rule

    has been shown or placed on record by the appellant in this behalf, does

    not alter the character of that payment. Such payment is referable to the

    conditions of service between the deceased and her employer and is

    collateral to, and independent of, the wrong committed by the driver of

    the offending vehicle. It cannot, therefore, be permitted to reduce the

    liability of the tortfeasor, namely, the Insurer of the offending vehicle,

    who is obliged to make good the loss of dependency, regardless of any

    benefit the dependents may receive from an independent, collateral

    Mohammad Yaseen Dar
    I attest to the accuracy and
    authenticity of this
    document

    MAC APP No. 28/2023 Page 6 of 11
    source. The plea taken by the learned counsel for the appellant, thus,

    does not hold good and is unsustainable. To hold otherwise would be to

    allow the appellant to take advantage of the statutory/contractual benefit

    flowing to the dependents from a source wholly unconnected with the

    accident, thereby indirectly reducing its own liability towards the victims

    of the vehicular accident, a result which the law does not countenance.

    17. The position does not get changed even if the plea/submission of the

    learned counsel is considered in light of the applicable service rules as

    well. The Rule position, governing the subject, therefore, is desirable in

    the first instance. Rule 20 (bb) referred to by the learned senior counsel

    as inserted in CSR vide SRO 391 dated 15.7.1983 is taken note of

    herein:

    “20 (b)….(bb) Where a Government servant dies while in
    service on or after 1-1-1983 after having rendered not
    less than 7 years continuous service, the rate of family
    pension payable to the family of the deceased shall be
    equal to 50 per cent of the pay last drawn or twice the
    family pension admissible under sub-rule (ii) (aaa)
    whichever is less and the amount so admissible shall be
    payable from the date following the date of death of the
    Government servant for a period of seven years or for a
    period up to the date on which the deceased Government
    servant would have attained the age of 62 years had he
    survived, whichever is less. The pension payable
    thereafter will be at the rates laid down in sub-rule (ii)
    (aaa).”

    Mohammad Yaseen Dar
    I attest to the accuracy and
    authenticity of this
    document

    MAC APP No. 28/2023 Page 7 of 11

    18. Subsequently, the Government has issued SRO 310 of 1986 dated

    8.5.1986, whereby, Rule 20 (bbb) was introduced which provides as

    under:

    “20 (b)….(bb)….(bbb) Notwithstanding anything
    contained in sub-clause (bb) above, where a Government
    servant dies while in service after having rendered not
    less than seven years continuous service, the rate of
    family pension admissible to the beneficiary of the
    deceased shall be equal to the pay last drawn by the
    deceased officer before his death. Pension at the
    enhanced rates equal to the last pay shall be payable for
    a period of seven years from the date following the death
    of the Government servant or for period up to the date on
    which the deceased Government servant would have
    attained the age of superannuation whichever is earlier.

    After having drawn family pension at such enhanced
    rates, it will be allowed at the rate equal to 50% of pay
    last drawn or twice the family pension admissible as per
    sub-rule (ii) (aaa) whichever is less and the amount so
    admissible shall be payable for a period of seven years
    from the date the payment of enhanced pension as per
    preceeding para ceases or till the deceased would have
    attained the age of 62 years whichever is earlier.

    Thereafter, the family pension will be payable at the
    ordinary rates laid down in sub-rule (ii) (aaa).

    These rules shall be deemed to have come into effect from
    1-1-1986.”

    19. Thereafter, one more SRO was issued i.e., SRO 94 of 2009 dated

    15.4.2009, which mandated as follows:

    Mohammad Yaseen Dar
    I attest to the accuracy and
    authenticity of this
    document

    MAC APP No. 28/2023 Page 8 of 11

    “8. The following shall be inserted as proviso to clause
    (c ) of Rule 20 below Note- 4 of the Family-Pension-cum-
    Gratuity Rules (Schedule XV) :

    Provided that in respect of a Government servant who
    may die while in service on or after 1.7.2009 after having
    rendered not less than seven years continuous service,
    the family pension on enhanced rates equal to 50% of the
    last pay drawn shall be payable to the family of the
    Government servant from the date of death of the
    Government servant for a period of ten years without any
    upper age limit. Thereafter, the family pension shall be
    payable at the ordinary rates.

    Note:- Cases already settled in terms of the rules in force
    immediately before 1.7.2009 shall not be re-opened.”

    20. Having regard to the Rule position, as taken note of hereinbefore, this

    Court is of the considered opinion that the instant case is covered by the

    provisions of SRO 94 of 2009 dated 15.4.2009, which provides that

    beneficiaries of the deceased Government servant shall be paid enhanced

    family pension @ 50% of the last pay drawn for a period of ten years

    and not the full salary for a period of seven years, as is being projected

    by the learned counsel for the appellant, as the deceased Government

    employee, in the instant case, had died in the year 2015. Thus the refuge

    being sought by the learned counsel for the appellant in SRO 310 of

    1986 dated 8.5.1986, though having not been specifically referred to, is

    of no help to the appellants. Similarly, the SRO 391 of 1983 dated

    15.7.1983, is also held to be not applicable for having outlived its life by

    the time the deceased Government employee, in the instant case, has

    Mohammad Yaseen Dar
    I attest to the accuracy and
    authenticity of this
    document

    MAC APP No. 28/2023 Page 9 of 11
    died and SRO 94 of 2009 dated 15.4.2009 had come into effect and was

    governing the field.

    21. This Court, therefore, finds no infirmity in the approach of the learned

    Tribunal in declining to deduct the amount of compensation on account

    of alleged salary likely to be received by the respondents/claimants from

    the employer of the deceased while computing the compensation

    payable. The contention urged on behalf of the appellant-Insurance

    Company is accordingly rejected.

    22. As regards the computation of compensation, the deceased was aged 37

    years at the time of her death, and in view of Pranay Sethi (supra), the

    Tribunal has correctly applied a multiplier of 15 and granted an addition

    of 50% towards future prospects on the established monthly income of

    Rs. 53988/-. After deducting 1/4th as the living expenses of the

    dependents, having regard to the number of dependents, the annual and

    total loss of dependency has been correctly worked out. The husband

    having remarried, this court finds that except for the spousal consortium,

    the conventional heads, namely, loss of estate, loss of consortium

    (parental/filial) and funeral expenses, have also been correctly awarded

    in terms of the ratio prescribed in Pranay Sethi (supra). This Court does

    not find the quantum awarded by the Tribunal to be either excessive or

    arbitrary; on the contrary, it is a just and fair estimate of the loss of

    dependency suffered by the respondents/claimants, arrived at strictly in

    accordance with settled principles. The Tribunal is seen to have taken

    care of every aspect fairly and deductions made appear to be quite just.

    Mohammad Yaseen Dar
    I attest to the accuracy and
    authenticity of this
    document

    MAC APP No. 28/2023 Page 10 of 11
    CONCLUSION

    23. For the reasons recorded above, this Court finds no merit in the appeal.

    The Award dated 02.05.2023 passed by the learned Motor Accidents

    Claims Tribunal, Srinagar, in Claim Petition No. MACP/349/2018,

    granting compensation of Rs. 97, 39, 525/- (Rupees Ninety-Seven Lakh

    thirty nine thousand five hundred and twenty five only) with interest @

    6% per annum, is hereby upheld except for the modification made in

    respect of the spousal consortium.

    24. The appeal is disposed of with the aforesaid modification in the

    impugned award. The amount, if any, deposited by the appellant-

    Insurance Company towards the statutory pre-deposit under Section 173

    of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, together with accrued interest, shall be

    released in favour of the respondents/claimants, in the proportion and

    manner indicated in the impugned Award upon their identification by the

    learned senior counsel for the respondents/ claimants. The share of the

    younger daughter, who appears to be minor even as on date, shall be

    kept in the FDR till she attains the age of majority.

    25. Pending application(s), if any, stand disposed of.

    (MOKSHA KHAJURIA KAZMI)
    JUDGE
    SRINAGAR
    05.08.2026
    Mohammad Yaseen, PS
    Whether the judgment is speaking: Yes.

    Whether the judgment is reportable: Yes/No

    Mohammad Yaseen Dar
    I attest to the accuracy and
    authenticity of this
    document

    MAC APP No. 28/2023 Page 11 of 11



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