State Of H.P vs Sumit Vaidya & Ors on 24 July, 2026

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    Himachal Pradesh High Court

    State Of H.P vs Sumit Vaidya & Ors on 24 July, 2026

                                                                                            2026:HHC:30607
    
        IN THE HIGH COURT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH, SHIMLA
    
    
                                                  Cr. Appeal No. 310 of 2014
                                                  Reserved on: 16.07.2026
    
    
    
    
                                                                                       .
                                                  Date of Decision: 24.07.2026
    
    
    
    
    
        State of H.P.                                                                ...Appellant
    
    
    
    
    
                                                 Versus
        Sumit Vaidya & Ors                                                           ...Respondent
    
    
    
    
                                                         of
        _______________________________________
        Coram
        Hon'ble Mr Justice Rakesh Kainthla, Judge.
                               rt
        Whether approved for reporting?1 No
        For the Appellant/State                            :      Mr Lokender Kutlehria,
    
                                                                  Additional Advocate General
        For the Respondents                               :       Mr Ankit Dhiman, Advocate.
    
    
    
        Rakesh Kainthla, Judge
    

    The present appeal is directed against the judgment dated

    12.05.2014 passed by the learned Chief Judicial Magistrate, Kullu,

    SPONSORED

    H.P. (learned Trial Court) vide which the respondents (accused

    before the learned Trial Court) were acquitted of the commission of

    offences punishable under Sections 147, 341, 323 and 149 of the

    Indian Penal Code (IPC). (The parties shall hereinafter be referred to in

    the same manner as they were arrayed before the learned Trial Court for

    convenience).

    1 Whether reporters of Local Papers may be allowed to see the judgment? Yes.

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    2. Briefly stated, the facts giving rise to the present appeal

    are that the police presented a challan before the learned Trial Court

    against the accused for the commission of offences punishable

    .

    under Sections 341, 147, 149 and 323 of the IPC. It was asserted that

    the informant Prema Devi (not examined) was running a dhaba in

    the name and style of Nisha Dhaba at Hathithan. The accused, Prem

    Lal, Sumit Vaidya, Raju and three other boys came to her dhaba on

    of
    02.05.2006 at about 06.00 p.m. They enquired about Budhi Singh.

    The informant replied that he had gone towards the backyards. All of
    rt
    them went to search for Budhi Singh. They brought him near the

    dhaba after some time, accused him of stealing Prem Lal’s

    motorcycle, and started beating him. The informant objected and

    told the assailants to take Budhi Singh to the police station if he had

    committed the theft. Prem Lal asked Budhi Singh to board the

    motorcycle, and both of them proceeded towards the Police Post.

    The other person followed the motorcycle in a car. Budhi Singh got

    off the motorcycle near Y.M. Hospital and ran towards the river.

    Prem Lal and his friends ran after him, shouting thief. Budhi Singh

    jumped into the river, and he could not be found. The incident was

    witnessed by Khem Chand (PW5), Rakesh Kumar and other persons.

    The matter was reported to the police, and an entry (Ex.PW10/A) was

    registered in the police station. Inspector Badri Singh (PW11) went

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    for the verification of the information. Prema Devi made a statement

    (Ex.PW11/A) which was sent to the Police Station, where FIR

    (Ex.PW11/B) was registered. Inspector Badri Singh investigated the

    .

    matter. He prepared the site plans (Ex.PW11/C and Ex.PW11/D) and

    recorded the statements of witnesses as per their version. He seized

    the motorcycle and car vide memos (Ex.PW8/A and Ex.PW8/B).

    Subsequently, the dead body of Budhi Singh was recovered. An

    of
    inquest on the dead body was conducted. Dr Bhupender Chauhan

    (PW6) conducted the postmortem examination and found that the
    rt
    cause of death was head injury and drowning. He issued the report

    (Ex.PW6/A). The statements of witnesses were recorded as per their

    version, and after the completion of the investigation, the challan

    was prepared and presented before the learned Trial Court.

    3. Learned Trial Court found sufficient reasons to summon

    the accused. When the accused appeared, a notice of accusation was

    put to them for the commission of offences punishable under

    Sections 147, 341 and 323 read with Section 149 of the IPC, to which

    they pleaded not guilty and claimed to be tried.

    4. The prosecution examined 13 witnesses to prove its case.

    Amriti (PW1), Promila (PW4), Khem Chand (PW5) and Dinesh

    Sharma (PW7) did not support the prosecution’s case. Om Prakash

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    (PW2) is the father of Budhi Singh, to whom the incident was

    narrated. Amar Nath (PW3) was also told about the beatings being

    given to Budhi Singh. Chand Kumar (PW8) witnessed the recovery.

    .

    SI Durga Dass (PW9) went to the spot after the discovery of the dead

    body. HHC Mohar Dass (PW10) proved the entry in the daily diary.

    Inspector Badri Singh (PW11) investigated the matter. Bala Ram

    (PW12) is an eyewitness. Inspector Sarwan Kumar (PW13) prepared

    of
    the challan.

    5. The accused, in their statements recorded under Section
    rt
    313 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC), denied the

    prosecution’s case in its entirety. They claimed that they were

    innocent and that they were falsely implicated. They did not produce

    any evidence in their defence.

    6. Learned Trial Court held that the prosecution had only

    examined Bala Ram (PW12) as the witness to the incident. The

    informant, Prema Devi, was not examined. The incident occurred on

    02.05.2006, and the statement of Bala Ram was recorded on

    30.05.2006. No explanation was provided for the delay. He had seen

    the accused for the first time on the date of the incident, and there

    was no Test Identification Parade. It was highly unsafe to rely upon

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    the testimony of Bala Ram to record a conviction. Hence, the learned

    Trial Court acquitted the accused.

    7. Being aggrieved by the judgment passed by the learned

    .

    Trial Court, the State has filed the present appeal asserting that the

    testimony of Bala Ram was not shattered in the cross-examination,

    and the learned Trial Court erred in discarding his testimony. The

    statements of Om Prakash, Amar Nath and Balaram proved the

    of
    prosecution’s version. The testimonies of prosecution witnesses

    were duly corroborated by the postmortem report. Therefore, it was
    rt
    prayed that the present appeal be allowed and the judgment passed

    by the learned Trial Court be set aside.

    8. I have heard Mr Lokender Kutlehria, learned Additional

    Advocate General for the appellant/State and Mr Ankit Dhiman,

    learned Counsel for the respondents/accused.

    9. Mr Lokender Kutlehria, learned Additional Advocate

    General for the Appellant/State, submitted that the learned Trial

    Court erred in acquitting the accused. The statements of prosecution

    witnesses corroborated each other in material particulars, and the

    medical evidence corroborated the eye witnesses’ testimony. The

    learned Trial Court erred in discarding the prosecution’s case.

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    Hence, he prayed that the present appeal be allowed and the

    judgment passed by the learned Trial Court be set aside.

    10. Mr Ankit Dhiman, learned counsel for the

    .

    respondent/accused, submitted that the prosecution had not

    examined the informant. The testimony of Bala Ram was doubtful

    because no explanation was provided for his delayed examination.

    The eyewitnesses had not supported the prosecution’s case, and

    of
    they were declared hostile. Learned Trial Court had taken a

    reasonable view while acquitting the accused, and this Court should
    rt
    not interfere with the reasonable view of the learned Trial Court

    while deciding an appeal against the acquittal. Therefore, he prayed

    that the present appeal be dismissed. He relied upon the judgment of

    the Hon’ble Supreme Court titled Harbeer Singh v. Sheeshpal, (2016)

    16 SCC 418, and Tulasareddi v. State of Karnataka, 2026 SCC OnLine SC

    89 in support of his submission.

    11. I have given considerable thought to the submissions

    made at the bar and have gone through the records carefully.

    12. The present appeal has been filed against a judgment of

    acquittal. It was laid down by the Hon’ble Supreme Court in Surendra

    Singh v. State of Uttarakhand, (2025) 5 SCC 433: 2025 SCC OnLine SC

    176 that the Court can interfere with a judgment of acquittal if it is

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    patently perverse, is based on misreading of evidence, omission to

    consider the material evidence and no reasonable person could have

    recorded the acquittal based on the evidence led before the learned

    .

    Trial Court. It was observed on page 438:

    “24. It could thus be seen that it is a settled legal position that

    the interference with the finding of acquittal recorded by the
    learned trial Judge would be warranted by the High Court only
    if the judgment of acquittal suffers from patent perversity;

    of
    that the same is based on a misreading/omission to consider
    material evidence on record; and that no two reasonable views
    are possible and only the view consistent with the guilt of the
    accused is possible from the evidence available on record.

    rt

    13. This position was reiterated in State of M.P. v. Ramveer

    Singh, 2025 SCC OnLine SC 1743, wherein it was observed:

    21. We may note that the present appeal is one against
    acquittal. Law is well-settled by a plethora of judgments of

    this Court that, in an appeal against acquittal, unless the
    finding of acquittal is perverse on the face of the record and
    the only possible view based on the evidence is consistent

    with the guilt of the accused, only in such an event, should the
    appellate Court interfere with a judgment of acquittal. Where

    two views are possible, i.e., one consistent with the acquittal
    and the other holding the accused guilty, the appellate Court

    should refuse to interfere with the judgment of acquittal.

    Reference in this regard may be made to the judgments of this
    Court in the cases of Babu Sahebagouda Rudragoudarv. State of
    Karnataka (2024) 8 SCC 149; H.D. Sundara v. State of Karnataka
    (2023) 9 SCC 581 and Rajesh Prasad v. State of Bihar (2022) 3
    SCC 471.

    14. A similar view was taken in Tulasareddi v. State of

    Karnataka, 2026 SCC OnLine SC 89, wherein it was observed:

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    “29. From the aforesaid decisions rendered by this Court, it
    can be said that if two reasonable conclusions are possible on
    the basis of the evidence on record, the Appellate Court should
    not disturb the findings of acquittal recorded by the Trial
    Court. Further, if the view taken is a possible view, the

    .

    Appellate Court cannot overturn the order of acquittal on the

    ground that another view was also possible. The following
    principles have to be kept in mind by the Appellate Court
    while dealing with the appeals against an order of acquittal:

    (a) whether the judgment of acquittal suffers from
    patent perversity;

                       (b)   whether    the    judgment    is   based     on
    
    
    
    
                                         of
    

    misreading/omission to consider the material evidence
    on record;

    (c) an order of acquittal is to be interfered with only
    rt
    when there are “compelling and substantial reasons”

    for doing so. If the order is “clearly unreasonable”, it is

    a compelling reason for interference.’

    (d) The appellate court, while deciding an appeal against
    acquittal, after reappreciating the evidence, is required
    to consider whether the view taken by the trial court is a

    possible view which could have been taken on the basis
    of the evidence on record;

    (e) If the view taken is a possible view, the appellate
    court cannot overturn the order of acquittal on the

    ground that another view was also possible; and

    (f) The appellate court can interfere with the order of
    acquittal only if it comes to a finding that the only

    conclusion which can be recorded on the basis of the
    evidence on record was that the guilt of the accused was
    proved beyond a reasonable doubt and no other
    conclusion was possible.”

    15. The present appeal has to be decided as per the

    parameters laid down by the Hon’ble Supreme Court.

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    16. Om Prakash (PW2) stated that he had received a phone

    call from Prema Devi on 02.05.2006, who told him that the accused

    were beating Budhi Singh near her dhaba. She also said that they had

    .

    taken Budhi Singh towards Police Station, and Budhi Singh jumped

    into the river. He stated in his cross-examination that he was

    residing at Dhakrah and was not present on the spot.

    17. Amar Nath (PW3) stated that he had received a call on

    of
    02.05.2006, at about 06.15 p.m., from Prema Devi that Prem Lal and

    6-7 other persons were beating Budhi Singh. She also said that they
    rt
    followed Budhi Singh and took him towards the river. He also

    admitted that in his cross-examination that he was not present on

    the spot, and he could not say what had happened on the spot.

    18. The statements of these witnesses show that they were

    trying to prove what was narrated to them by Prema. The

    prosecution had not examined Prema Devi, and the statements made

    by these witnesses would be hearsay in nature. It was laid down by

    the Hon’ble Supreme Court in J.D. Jain v. State Bank of India, (1982) 1

    SCC 143, that the statement of a witness made by a person who is not

    called as a witness is hearsay and inadmissible when the object of

    the evidence is to establish the truth of what is contained in the

    statement. It was observed: –

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    “20. The next question is, is the evidence in the domestic
    enquiry really hearsay, as held by the Tribunal?

    21. The word ‘hearsay’ is used in various senses. Sometimes it
    means whatever a person is heard to say; sometimes it means
    whatever a person declares on the information given by

    .

    someone else. (See Stephen on Law of Evidence).

    22. The Privy Council in the case of Subramaniam v. Public
    Prosecutor, (1956) 1 WLR 965 observed:

    “Evidence of a statement made to a witness who is not
    himself called as a witness may or may not be hearsay. It
    is hearsay and inadmissible when the object of the
    evidence is to establish the truth of what is contained in

    of
    the statement. It is not hearsay and is admissible when it
    is proposed to establish by the evidence, not the truth of
    the statement, but the fact that it was made. The fact
    that it was made quite apart from its truth is frequently
    rt
    relevant in considering the mental state and conduct
    thereafter of the witness or some other persons in

    whose presence these statements are made.”

    19. It was held in Kalyan Kumar Gogoi v. Ashutosh Agnihotri,

    (2011) 2 SCC 532: 2011 SCC OnLine SC 200 that hearsay evidence is

    inadmissible. It was observed at page 545:

    37. Here comes the rule of appreciation of hearsay evidence.

    Hearsay evidence is excluded on the ground that it is always

    desirable, in the interest of justice, to get the person whose
    statement is relied upon into court for his examination in the
    regular way, in order that many possible sources of inaccuracy

    and untrustworthiness can be brought to light and exposed, if
    they exist, by the test of cross-examination. The phrase
    “hearsay evidence” is not used in the Evidence Act because it
    is inaccurate and vague. It is a fundamental rule of evidence
    under Indian law that hearsay evidence is inadmissible. A
    statement, oral or written, made otherwise than by a witness
    in giving evidence and a statement contained or recorded in
    any book, document or record whatsoever, proof of which is
    not admitted on other grounds, are deemed to be irrelevant for
    the purpose of proving the truth of the matter stated. An
    assertion other than one made by a person while giving oral

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    evidence in the proceedings is inadmissible as evidence of any
    fact asserted. That this species of evidence cannot be tested by
    cross-examination and that, in many cases, it supposes some
    better testimony which ought to be offered in a particular
    case, are not the sole grounds for its exclusion. Its tendency to

    .

    protract legal investigations to an embarrassing and

    dangerous length, its intrinsic weakness, its incompetence to
    satisfy the mind of a judge about the existence of a fact, and
    the fraud which may be practised with impunity, under its

    cover, combine to support the rule that hearsay evidence is
    inadmissible.

    38. The reasons why hearsay evidence is not received as

    of
    relevant evidence are:

    (a) The person giving such evidence does not feel any
    responsibility. The law requires all evidence to be given
    rt
    under personal responsibility, i.e. every witness must give
    his testimony, under such circumstances as expose him to
    all the penalties of falsehood. If the person giving hearsay

    evidence is cornered, he has a line of escape by saying, “I
    do not know, but so and so told me”

    (b) Truth is diluted and diminished with each repetition,

    and

    (c) If permitted, it gives ample scope for playing fraud by
    saying “someone told me that…”. It would be attaching

    importance to false rumour flying from one foul lip to
    another. Thus, statements of witnesses based on

    information received from others are inadmissible.”

    20. Therefore, the testimonies of these witnesses are

    inadmissible, and no conviction can be recorded based on their

    testimonies.

    21. Promila Devi (PW4) stated that she heard some noise. She

    saw a boy floating in the river. She was permitted to be cross-

    examined. She denied that the accused had said that the person

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    floating in the river had committed the theft. She denied that he had

    jumped into the river after he was beaten by the accused. She denied

    the previous statement recorded by the police. Thus, it is apparent

    .

    that she has not supported the prosecution’s version.

    22. Khem Chand (PW5) stated that he saw many people who

    were saying that Budhi Singh had jumped into the river. He was also

    permitted to be cross-examined. He denied that the accused were

    of
    beating Budhi Singh, and they were saying that Budhi Singh had

    committed theft of Prem Lal’s motorcycle. He denied that Budhi
    rt
    Singh had jumped into the river. He denied the previous statement

    recorded by the police.

    23. Dinesh Sharma (PW7) stated that he had heard some

    noise and saw many people on the spot. He was permitted to be

    cross- examined. He denied that he saw Budhi Singh drowning in

    the river. He also denied that the accused were present on the spot.

    Therefore, this witness has also not supported the prosecution’s

    case.

    24. Bala Ram (PW12) stated that he was going to his home.

    He saw 5-6 people beating one person. He identified the accused as

    the assailant. Prema Devi enquired as to why the accused were

    beating Budhi Singh. They asked Budhi Singh to board the

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    motorcycle and took him towards Bhuntar. Budhi Singh jumped. The

    accused ran after him and pelted stones upon Budhi Singh, who

    jumped into the river and drowned. He admitted in his cross-

    .

    examination that his statement was recorded on 31.05.2006,

    whereas the incident had taken place on 02.05.2006. It was laid

    down by the Hon’ble Supreme Court in Harbeer Singh v. Sheeshpal,

    (2016) 16 SCC 418, that the witness’s testimony becomes doubtful in

    of
    the absence of any explanation for his delayed examination. It was

    observed: rt

    16. As regards the incident of the murder of the deceased, the

    prosecution has produced six eyewitnesses to the same. The
    argument raised against the reliance upon the testimony of
    these witnesses pertains to the delay in the recording of their

    statements by the police under Section 161 CrPC. In the present
    case, the date of occurrence was 21-12-1993, but the
    statements of PW 1 and PW 5 were recorded after two days of

    the incident, i.e. on 23-12-1993. The evidence of PW 6 was
    recorded on 26-12-1993, while the evidence of PW 11 was

    recorded after 10 days of the incident, i.e. on 31-12-1993.
    Further, it is well-settled law that a delay in recording the
    statement of the witnesses does not necessarily discredit their

    testimony. The court may rely on such testimony if they are
    cogent and credible and the delay is explained to the
    satisfaction of the court. [See Ganeshlal v. State of Maharashtra
    [Ganeshlal
    v. State of Maharashtra, (1992) 3 SCC 106: 1993 SCC
    (Cri) 435]; Mohd. Khalid v. State of W.B. [Mohd. Khalid v. State of
    W.B., (2002) 7 SCC 334: 2002 SCC (Cri) 1734]; Prithvi v. Mam Raj
    [Prithvi
    v. Mam Raj, (2004) 13 SCC 279: 2005 SCC (Cri) 198] and
    Manu Sharma v. State (NCT of Delhi
    ) [Manu Sharma v. State
    (NCT of Delhi
    ), (2010) 6 SCC 1: (2010) 2 SCC (Cri) 1385].]

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    17. However, Ganesh Bhavan Patel v. State of Maharashtra
    [Ganesh Bhavan Patel v. State of Maharashtra, (1978) 4 SCC 371:

    1979 SCC (Cri) 1], is an authority for the proposition that delay
    in recording of statements of the prosecution witnesses under
    Section 161 CrPC, although those witnesses were or could be

    .

    available for examination when the investigating officer

    visited the scene of occurrence or soon thereafter, would cast a
    doubt upon the prosecution case. (See also Balakrushna Swain
    v. State of Orissa [Balakrushna Swain v. State of Orissa, (1971) 3

    SCC 192: 1971 SCC (Cri) 313]; Maruti Rama Naik v. State of
    Maharashtra [Maruti Rama Naik
    v. State of Maharashtra, (2003)
    10 SCC 670: 2004 SCC (Cri) 958] and Jagjit Singh v. State of

    of
    Punjab [Jagjit Singh v. State of Punjab, (2005) 3 SCC 689: 2005
    SCC (Cri) 893] .) Thus, we see no reason to interfere with the
    observations of the High Court on the point of delay and its
    rt
    corresponding impact on the prosecution case.

    25. Therefore, the learned Trial Court was justified in

    discarding his testimony.

    26. Bala Ram admitted in his cross-examination that he had

    not met the accused before or after the incident. The police had

    revealed the names of the accused to him. Thus, it is apparent from

    his testimony that he had no personal acquaintance with the accused

    and had seen the accused for the first time on the date of the

    incident. The prosecution relied upon the identification made in the

    Court. However, not much advantage can be derived from the

    identification made for the first time in the Court. Professor Rupert

    Cross has stated in his celebrated treatise, Cross on Evidence, Fifth

    Edition, Butterworths, that identification of the accused for the first

    time in the dock is highly suspect. He observed:

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    “It might be thought that in criminal cases there could not be
    better identification of an accused than that of a witness who
    goes into the box and swears that the man in the dock is the
    one he saw coming out of a house at a particular time, or the
    man who assaulted him. Nevertheless, such evidence is

    .

    suspect where there has been no previous identification of the

    accused by the witness, and this is because its weight is
    reduced by the reflection that, if there is any degree of
    resemblance between the man in the dock and the person

    previously seen by him. The witness may very well think to
    himself that the police must have got hold of the right person,
    particularly if he has already described the latter to them, with

    of
    the result that he will be inclined to swear positively to a fact
    of which he is by no means certain.

    People have mistakenly identified friends and relations well
    known to them with sufficient frequency to make them
    rt
    question the propriety of convicting an accused person on
    nothing more than the visual identification of a single witness

    who may only have had a fleeting glance of him in poor light.”

    27. It has been stated in Halsbury’s Laws of England 4th Edition

    Volume 2 that the identification of the accused for the first time in

    the Court is improper and the witness should be asked to identify the

    accused in a prior test identification parade. It has been observed in

    para 363:

    “A witness shouldn’t be asked to identify the defendant for
    the first time in the dock at his trial; and as a general practice,
    it is preferable that he should have been placed previously in a
    parade with other persons, so that potential witnesses may be
    asked to pick him up.”

    28. It was laid down by the Hon’ble Supreme Court in P.

    Sasikumar v. State of T.N., (2024) 8 SCC 600: (2024) 3 SCC (Cri) 791:

    2024 SCC OnLine SC 1652 that when the accused were not known to

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    the witnesses on the date of the incident, their identification in the

    dock is not acceptable. It was observed on page 605:

    “17. The admitted position in this case is that the test

    .

    identification parade (hereinafter referred to as “TIP”) was

    not conducted. All the prosecution witnesses who identified
    the accused in the Court, such as PW 1 and PW 5, were not
    known to the present appellant, i.e. Accused 2. They had not

    seen the present appellant before the said incident. He was a
    stranger to both of them. More importantly, both of them have
    seen the appellant/Accused 2 on the date of the crime while he

    of
    was wearing a “green-coloured monkey cap”!
    xxx

    21.It is well settled that TIP is only a part of the police
    rt
    investigation. The identification in TIP of an accused is not a
    substantive piece of evidence. The substantive piece of

    evidence, or what can be called evidence, is only dock
    identification, that is, identification made by a witness in
    court during the trial. This identification has been made in
    court by PW 1 and PW 5. The High Court rightly dismissed the

    identification made by PW 1 for the reason that the appellant,
    i.e. Accused 2, was a stranger to PW 1 and PW 1 had seen the
    appellant for the first time when he was wearing a monkey

    cap, and in the absence of TIP to admit the identification by
    PW 1 made for the first time in the court was not proper.

    xxxx

    23. We are afraid the High Court has gone completely wrong in

    believing the testimony of PW 5 as to the identification of the
    appellant. In cases where the accused is a stranger to a
    witness, and there has been no TIP, the trial court should be
    very cautious while accepting the dock identification by such a
    witness (see: Kunjumon v. State of Kerala, (2012) 13 SCC 750:
    (2012) 4 SCC (Cri) 406]).

    xxx

    27. In the facts of the present case, the identification of the
    accused before the court ought to have been corroborated by
    the previous TIP, which has not been done. The emphasis of
    TIP in a given case is of vital importance, as has been shown

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    by this Court in the recent two cases of Jayanv. State of Kerala,
    (2021) 20 SCC 38 and Amrik Singh v. State of Punjab, (2022) 9
    SCC 402: (2023) 2 SCC (Cri) 404.

    28. In Jayan v. State of Kerala, (2021) 20 SCC 38, this Court
    disbelieved the dock identification of the accused therein by a

    .

    witness, and while doing so, this Court discussed the aspect of

    TIP in the following words: (Jayan v. State of Kerala, (2021) 20
    SCC 38, SCC p. 44, para 18)
    “18. It is well settled that the TI parade is a part of the

    investigation, and it is not substantive evidence. The question
    of holding a TI parade arises when the accused is not known to
    the witness beforehand. The identification by a witness of the

    of
    accused in the Court who has, for the first time, seen the
    accused in the incident of the offence is a weak piece of
    evidence, especially when there is a large time gap between
    rt
    the date of the incident and the date of recording of his
    evidence. In such a case, the TI parade may make the
    identification of the accused by the witness before the Court

    trustworthy.”

    29. Therefore, the identification of the accused by the

    witnesses for the first time in the Court without any corroboration

    from previous Test Identification Parades is meaningless, and

    cannot be relied upon to record the conviction.

    30. There was no other evidence to show that the accused had

    beaten Budhi Singh or that Budhi Singh had jumped into the river

    because of the fear of the beatings given by the accused. Therefore,

    the learned Trial Court had taken a reasonable view while acquitting

    the accused, and this Court will not interfere with the reasonable

    view of the learned Trial Court while deciding an appeal against

    acquittal.

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    18

    2026:HHC:30607

    31. No other point was urged.

    32. In view of the above, the present appeal fails, and it is

    dismissed. Pending miscellaneous application(s), if any, also stand

    .

    disposed of.

    33. In view of the provisions of Section 437-A of the Code of

    Criminal Procedure (Section 481 of Bhartiya Nagarik Suraksha

    of
    Sanhita, 2023) the respondents/accused are directed to furnish bail

    bonds in the sum of ₹25,000/- each with one surety each in the like
    rt
    amount to the satisfaction of the learned Trial Court within four

    weeks, which shall be effective for six months with stipulation that

    in the event of Special Leave Petition being filed against this

    judgment, or on grant of the leave, the respondents/accused on

    receipt of notice thereof, shall appear before the Hon’ble Supreme

    Court.

    34. Records be sent back to the learned Trial Court forthwith,

    along with a copy of the judgment.

    (Rakesh Kainthla)
    Judge
    24th July, 2026
    (Nikita)

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