This medicine has even cured people whose cancer came back even after several treatments. In this episode, we will explore why this treatment has researchers excited.
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Researchers working in the field have made personalized immune response to cancer a reality.
The new treatment that has got scientists and researchers excited is CAR T-cell therapy. Made using patients’ own immune system, CAR T-cell therapy has proved clinical in some types of aggressive blood cancers and leukemia. CAR T-cell therapy has even cured patients whose cancer had come back.
What is CAR T-cell therapy?
Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T – cell therapy is a type of immunotherapy that assist T –cells to recognize and fight cancerous cells. T-cells are one of the most vital white blood cells that are most potent against fighting foreign bodies.
An article published on American Cancer Society mentions the following:
“The immune system recognizes foreign substances in the body by finding proteins called antigens on the surface of those cells. Immune cells called T cells have their own proteins called receptors that attach to foreign antigens and help trigger other parts of the immune system to destroy the foreign substance.
The relationship between antigens and immune receptors is like a lock and key. Just as a lock can only be opened with the right key, each foreign antigen has a unique immune receptor that is able to bind to it.”
How does CAR T –cell therapy work?
The T – cells are taken from the patient suffering from cancer. Following this, they are modified in a lab where a gene receptor is added. The gene receptor, or chimeric gene receptor, is attached to cancer cell antigens and then given back to the patient.
The American Cancer Society article mentions the following:
“Since different cancers have different antigens, each CAR is made for a specific cancer’s antigen. For example, in certain kinds of leukemia or lymphoma, the cancer cells have an antigen called CD19. The CAR T-cell therapies to treat these cancers are made to attach to the CD19 antigen and will not work for a cancer that does not have the CD19 antigen.”
We will explore various new treatments against cancer in the next episode.
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