Petta Puspavathi vs Ch.Bhajanlal on 29 April, 2026

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    Andhra Pradesh High Court – Amravati

    Petta Puspavathi vs Ch.Bhajanlal on 29 April, 2026

    Author: K. Sreenivasa Reddy

    Bench: K. Sreenivasa Reddy

    APHC010195662023
                       IN THE HIGH COURT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
                                     AT AMARAVATI                         [3327]
                              (Special Original Jurisdiction)
    
                WEDNESDAY,THE TWENTY NINETH DAY OF APRIL
                     TWO THOUSAND AND TWENTY SIX
    
                                     PRESENT
    
            THE HONOURABLE SRI JUSTICE K. SREENIVASA REDDY
    
                        CRIMINAL PETITION NO: 2936/2023
    
    Between:
    
       1. PETTA PUSPAVATHI, W/O PEDA ERRIYYA, 59 YEARS, SC-MALA,
          D.NO. 4-29/A, GUTHINADEEVI VILLAGE, I. POLAVARAM MANDAL,
          EAST-GODAVARI DISTRICT.
    
       2. MAGAPU KISHORE, S/O SATYANARAYANA, 38 YEARS, SC-MALA,
          D.NO.  2-105,    KARAPA   CHINTHALA    PUDI  VILLAGE,
          MAMMIDIVARAM MANDAL, EAST-GODAVARI DISTRICT
    
                                                   ...PETITIONER/ACCUSED(S)
    
                                        AND
    
       1. THE STATE OF ANDHRA PRADESH, REP BY ITS PUBLIC
          PROSECUTOR, HIGH COURT OF ANDHRA PRADESH, AMARAVATI.
    
       2. PETTA PARIMALA, W/O BALA VEERA VENKATARAMANA, AGE 26
          YEARS, SC-MALA, VOOLAPALLI VILLAGE, BICCAVOLE MANDAL,
          EAST-GODAVARI DISTRICT.
    
                                          ...RESPONDENT/COMPLAINANT(S):
    
         Petition under Section 437/438/439/482 of Cr.P.C and 528 of BNSS
    praying that in the circumstances stated in the Memorandum of Grounds of
    Criminal Petition, the High Court pleased to quash the proceedings in C.C.
    No. 772/2023 on the file of the Judicial First Class Magistrate Court,
    Anaparthi, East Godavari District in Crime (FIR) No. 165 of 2021 of the S.H.O.
    of Biccavole Police Station, for the offence punishable Under section 498-A
    IPC, 3 and 4 of Dowry Prohibition Act (DP Act), and pass
                                            2
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                                                                     Crl.P.No.2936 of 2023
    
    
    IA NO: 1 OF 2023
    
         Petition under Section 482 of Cr.P.C and 528 of BNSS praying that in the
    circumstances stated in the Memorandum of Grounds of Criminal Petition,the
    High Court may be pleased to dispense with Photostat copies in C.C. No.
    772/2023 on the file of the Judicial First Class Magistrate Court, Anaparthi,
    East Godavari District in Crime (FIR) No. 165 of 2021 of the S.H.O. of
    Biccavole Police Station, for the offence punishable Under section 498-A IPC,
    3 86 4 of Dowry Prohibition Act (DP Act), and pass
    
    IA NO: 2 OF 2023
    
         Petition under Section 482 of Cr.P.C and 528 of BNSS praying that in the
    circumstances stated in the Memorandum of Grounds of Criminal Petition, the
    High Court may be pleased to stay all further proceedings in C.C. No.
    772/2023 on the file of the Judicial First Class Magistrate Court, Anaparthi,
    East Godavari District in Crime (FIR) No. 165 of 2021 of the S.H.O. of
    Biccavole Police Station, for the offence punishable Under section 498-A IPC,
    3 86 4 of Dowry Prohibition Act (DP Act) including with the appearance, till the
    disposal of the main case and pass
    
    Counsel for the Petitioner/accused(S):
    
       1. SIMHACHALAM KARUKOLA
    
    Counsel for the Respondent/complainant(S):
    
       1. PUBLIC PROSECUTOR (AP)
    
    The Court made the following:
                                             3
                                                                                      SRK, J
                                                                      Crl.P.No.2936 of 2023
    
    
                                          ORDER
    

    This Criminal Petition, under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal

    Procedure, 1973 has been filed by the Petitioners/A.2 and A.3, to quash the

    SPONSORED

    proceedings in C.C.No.772 of 2023 on the file of the learned Judicial

    Magistrate of First Class, Anaparthi, East Godavari District relating to Crime

    No.165 of 2021 of Biccavole Police Station, registered against the

    Petitioners/A.2 and A.3 and other accused, for the offences punishable under

    Section 498-A of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (for brevity, ‗IPC‘) and Section

    3 and 4 of Dowry Prohibition Act (for brevity ‗DP Act‘).

    2. The allegations against the petitioners/accused, as set out in the charge

    sheet, are that 2nd respondent-defacto complainant, a resident of Voolapalli

    Village, married A-1, Petta Bala Veera Venkata Ramana, on 17.01.2019, after

    fulfillment of dowry demands and customary gifts. A-1, a Software Engineer

    working in South Africa, allegedly subjected her to harassment for additional

    dowry, with the support of A-2 (his mother) and A-3 (his relative). It is further

    alleged that A-1 pressurized her to give consent for divorce for the purpose of

    contracting another marriage for higher dowry and ultimately drove her out of

    the matrimonial home, forcing her to return to her parental house. As

    reconciliation efforts failed, she lodged the police report. Based on the said

    report, a case in Crime No. 165/2021 was registered for the offences under

    Section 498-A IPC and Sections 3 and 4 of the D.P. Act. The investigating

    officer examined the complainant and witnesses, inspected the scene of

    offence, and recorded statements under Section 161 Cr.P.C. After completion
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    Crl.P.No.2936 of 2023

    of investigation, a prima facie case was found against A-1 to A-3, and a

    charge sheet was filed.

    3. Learned counsel appearing on behalf of the petitioners/A.2 and A.3

    submits that, even if the entire allegations are taken to be true, no prima facie

    case for the offence under Section 498-A of the IPC or Sections 3 and 4 of the

    DP Act is made out against the petitioners herein. He further submitted that,

    apart from a vague and omnibus allegation that the petitioners supported A.1

    in harassing the de facto complainant, there are no specific allegations against

    them. Learned counsel also submits that the petitioners are the mother and

    sister of A.1, and that all the allegations in the charge sheet are primarily

    attributed to A.1. He further submits that, pursuant to the directions of this

    Court, notice has been issued to Respondent No.2; however, although the

    notice has been duly served, there has been no appearance on behalf of

    Respondent No.2.

    4. Learned Assistant Public Prosecutor, appearing on behalf of

    Respondent No.1-State, submits that there is a specific allegation against the

    petitioners/accused that they supported A.1 in harassing the de facto

    complainant for additional dowry. According to him, the said allegation is

    sufficient to require the petitioners to face trial, as truth or otherwise of the said

    accusation, has to be determined during the course of trial, and at this stage,

    interference by this Court at the threshold is not warranted.

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    Crl.P.No.2936 of 2023

    5. Heard learned counsel appearing on behalf of the petitioners/A.2 and

    A.3 and the learned Assistant Public Prosecutor, appearing on behalf of the

    Respondent No.1-State. Perused the material available on record.

    6. There cannot be any dispute that inherent powers of this Court under

    Section 482 Cr.P.C can be exercised to prevent abuse of process of Court or

    to give effect to any order under the code or to secure the ends of justice.

    This Court is also conscious of the fact that the power of quashing a criminal

    proceeding should be exercised very sparingly and with circumspection and

    that too in the rarest of rare cases and that the Court would not be justified in

    embarking upon an enquiry as to the reliability or genuineness or otherwise of

    the allegations made in the report. On this aspect, it is pertinent to refer to

    the judgment of the Hon’ble Apex court in State of Haryana Vs. Ch.Bhajanlal

    and ors.1, wherein the Apex Court held,

    “In the backdrop of the interpretation of the various relevant
    provisions of the Code under Chapter XIV and of the principles
    of law enunciated by this Court in a series of decisions relating
    to the exercise of the extraordinary power under Article 226 or
    the inherent powers under Section 482 of the Code which we
    have extracted and reproduced above, we give the following
    categories of cases by way of illustration wherein such power
    could be exercised either to prevent abuse of the process of any
    court or otherwise to secure the ends of justice, though it may
    not be possible to lay down any precise, clearly defined and
    sufficiently channelized and inflexible guidelines or rigid formulae
    and to give an exhaustive list of myriad kinds of cases wherein
    such power should be exercised.

    (1) where the allegations made in the First Information Report
    or the complaint, even if they are taken at their face value

    1
    AIR 1992 SC 604
    6
    SRK, J
    Crl.P.No.2936 of 2023

    and accepted in their entirety do not prima facie constitute
    any offence or make out a case against the accused;

    (2) where the allegations in the First Information Report and
    other materials, if any, accompanying the F.I.R. do not
    disclose a cognizable offence, justifying an investigation by
    police officers under Section 156 (1) of the Code except
    under an order of a Magistrate within the purview
    of Section 155 (2) of the Code;

    (3) where the uncontroverted allegations made in the FIR or
    ‘complaint and the evidence collected in support of the
    same do not disclose the commission of any offence and
    make out a case against the accused;

    (4) where the allegations in the FIR do not constitute a
    cognizable offence but constitute only a non-cognizable
    offence, no investigation is permitted by a police officer
    without an order of a Magistrate as contemplated
    under Section 155 (2) of the Code;

    (5) where the allegations made in the FIR or complaint are so
    absurd and inherently improbable on the basis of which no
    prudent person can ever reach a just conclusion that there
    is sufficient ground for proceeding against the accused;
    (6) where there is an express legal bar engrafted in any of the
    provisions of the Code or the concerned Act (under which a
    criminal proceeding is instituted) to the institution and
    continuance of the proceedings and/or where there is a
    specific provision in the Code or the concerned Act,
    providing efficacious redress for the grievance of the
    aggrieved party;

    (7) where a criminal proceeding is manifestly attended with
    mala fide and/or where the proceeding is maliciously
    instituted with an ulterior motive for wreaking vengeance on
    the accused and with a view to spite him due to private and
    personal grudge.‖

    7. Marriage of A.1 was performed with the de facto complainant on

    17.01.2019 in the presence of elders by fulfilling their dowry demand and

    other customs. A.1 was working as a Software Engineer in South Africa. It is

    alleged that A.1 has been harassing the de facto complainant for the sake of
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    Crl.P.No.2936 of 2023

    additional dowry by criticizing her with harsh words. In this connection, the

    petitioners are alleged to have supported A.1. It is further alleged that A.1

    demanded defacto complainant to give consent for divorce so that he could

    contract another marriage for additional dowry. He is also alleged to have

    coerced her, under the influence of certain substances, to speak in his favour

    in order to get rid of her, and ultimately drove her out of his house. Despite

    best efforts to pacify A.1, as the same has not been materialized, the de facto

    complainant lodged the present complaint against the petitioners and her in-

    laws.

    8. Going by the accusations in the charge sheet, except a vague and bald

    accusation that the petitioners supported A.1 in harassing the de facto

    complainant, there is no other material against the petitioners in the charge

    sheet to connect them with the offences alleged. This Court perused the

    statements of the witnesses, which are integral part of the charge sheet. In

    those statements also, there is absolutely no specific accusation as against

    the petitioners, except reiterating the bald statements that has been

    mentioned in the charge sheet.

    9. In a decision reported in Preeti Gupta and another v. State of

    Jharkhand & another2, wherein it was held thus: (paragraphs 30 to 34).

    ―30. It is a matter of common knowledge that unfortunately
    matrimonial litigation is rapidly increasing in our country. All the
    courts in our country including this Court are flooded with

    2
    (2010) 7 SCC 667
    8
    SRK, J
    Crl.P.No.2936 of 2023

    matrimonial cases. This clearly demonstrates discontent and unrest
    in the family life of a large number of people of the society.

    31. The courts are receiving a large number of cases emanating
    from Section 498-A of the Penal Code which reads as under:

    ―498-A. Husband or relative of husband of a woman subjecting
    her to cruelty.–Whoever, being the husband or the relative of the
    husband of a woman, subjects such woman to cruelty shall be
    punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three
    years and shall also be liable to fine.

    Explanation.–For the purposes of this section, ‗cruelty’ means–

    (a) any wilful conduct which is of such a nature as is likely to
    drive the woman to commit suicide or to cause grave injury or
    danger to life, limb or health (whether mental or physical) of the
    woman; or

    (b) harassment of the woman where such harassment is with a
    view to coercing her or any person related to her to meet any
    unlawful demand for any property or valuable security or is on
    account of failure by her or any person related to her to meet such
    demand.‖

    32. It is a matter of common experience that most of these
    complaints under Section 498-A IPC are filed in the heat of the
    moment over trivial issues without proper deliberations. We come
    across a large number of such complaints which are not even bona
    fide and are filed with oblique motive. At the same time, rapid
    increase in the number of genuine cases of dowry harassment is
    also a matter of serious concern.

    33. The learned members of the Bar have enormous social
    responsibility and obligation to ensure that the social fibre of family
    life is not ruined or demolished. They must ensure that exaggerated
    versions of small incidents should not be reflected in the criminal
    complaints. Majority of the complaints are filed either on their advice
    or with their concurrence. The learned members of the Bar who
    belong to a noble profession must maintain its noble traditions and
    should treat every complaint under Section 498-A as a basic human
    problem and must make serious endeavour to help the parties in
    arriving at an amicable resolution of that human problem. They must
    discharge their duties to the best of their abilities to ensure that
    social fibre, peace and tranquillity of the society remains intact. The
    members of the Bar should also ensure that one complaint should
    not lead to multiple cases.

    9

    SRK, J
    Crl.P.No.2936 of 2023

    34. Unfortunately, at the time of filing of the complaint the
    implications and consequences are not properly visualised by the
    complainant that such complaint can lead to insurmountable
    harassment, agony and pain to the complainant, accused and his
    close relations.‖

    10. A decision of the Hon’ble Apex Court in Mirza Iqbal @ Golu and

    another v. State of Uttar Pradesh and another,3 wherein it was held thus:

    (paragraphs 11 and 12).

    “11. The appellants are brother-in-law and mother-in-law
    respectively of the deceased. A perusal of the complaint filed by the
    2nd respondent, pursuant to which a crime was registered, does not
    indicate any specific allegations by disclosing the involvement of the
    appellants. It is the specific case of the 1st appellant that he was
    working as a cashier in ICICI Bank at Khalilabad branch, which is at
    about 40 kms from Gorakhpur. The alleged incident was on
    24.07.2018 at about 8 p.m. When the investigation was pending, the
    1st appellant has filed affidavit before Senior Superintendent of
    Police on 08.08.2018, giving his employment details and stated that
    he was falsely implicated. It was his specific case that during the
    relevant time, he was working at ICICI Bank, Khalilabad branch,
    Gorakhpur and his mother was also staying with him. The Branch
    Manager has endorsed his presence in the branch, showing in-time
    at 09 : 49 a.m. and out-time at 06 : 25 p.m. Even in the statement of
    2nd respondent recorded by the police and also in the final report
    filed under Section 173(2) of Cr.P.C., except omnibus and vague
    allegations, there is no specific allegation against the appellants to
    show their involvement for the offences alleged. This Court, time
    and again, has noticed making the family members of husband as
    accused by making casual reference to them in matrimonial
    disputes. Learned senior counsel for the appellants, in support of
    her case, placed reliance on the judgment of this Court in the case
    of Geeta Mehrotra v. State of Uttar Pradesh1. In the aforesaid case,
    this Court in identical circumstances, has quashed the proceedings
    by observing that family members of husband were shown as
    accused by making casual reference to them. In the very same
    judgment, it is held that a large number of family members are
    shown in the FIR by casually mentioning their names and the
    contents do not disclose their active involvement, as such, taking
    3
    2021 SCC OnLine SC 1251
    10
    SRK, J
    Crl.P.No.2936 of 2023

    cognizance of the matter against them was not justified. It is further
    held that taking cognizance in such type of cases results in abuse of
    judicial process. Paras 18 and 25 of the said judgment, which are
    relevant for the purpose of this case, read as under:

    ―18. Their Lordships of the Supreme Court in Ramesh
    case [(2005) 3 SCC 507 : 2005 SCC (Cri) 735] had been
    pleased to hold that the bald allegations made against the
    sister-in-law by the complainant appeared to suggest the
    anxiety of the informant to rope in as many of the
    husband’s relatives as possible. It was held that neither
    the FIR nor the charge-sheet furnished the legal basis for
    the Magistrate to take cognizance of the offences alleged
    against the appellants. The learned Judges were pleased
    to hold that looking to the allegations in the FIR and the
    contents of the charge-sheet, none of the alleged offences
    under Sections 498-A, 406 IPC and Section 4 of the
    Dowry Prohibition Act were made against the married
    sister of the complainant’s husband who was undisputedly
    not living with the family of the complainant’s husband.
    Their Lordships of the Supreme Court were pleased to
    hold that the High Court ought not to have relegated the
    sister-in-law to the ordeal of trial. Accordingly, the
    proceedings against the appellants were quashed and the
    appeal was allowed.

    25. However, we deem it appropriate to add by way of
    caution that we may not be misunderstood so as to infer
    that even if there are allegations of overt act indicating the
    complicity of the members of the family named in the FIR
    in a given case, cognizance would be unjustified but what
    we wish to emphasise by highlighting is that, if the FIR as
    it stands does not disclose specific allegation against the
    accused more so against the co-accused specially in a
    matter arising out of matrimonial bickering, it would be
    clear abuse of the legal and judicial process to
    mechanically send the named accused in the FIR to
    undergo the trial unless of course the FIR discloses
    specific allegations which would persuade the court to
    take cognizance of the offence alleged against the
    relatives of the main accused who are prima facie not
    found to have indulged in physical and mental torture of
    the complainant wife. It is the well-settled principle laid
    down in cases too numerous to mention, that if the FIR did
    not disclose the commission of an offence, the court would
    be justified in quashing the proceedings preventing the
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    Crl.P.No.2936 of 2023

    abuse of process of law. Simultaneously, the courts are
    expected to adopt a cautious approach in matters of
    quashing, especially in cases of matrimonial disputes
    whether the FIR in fact discloses commission of an
    offence by the relatives of the principal accused or the FIR
    prima facie discloses a case of overimplication by
    involving the entire family of the accused at the instance of
    the complainant, who is out to settle her scores arising out
    of the teething problem or skirmish of domestic bickering
    while settling down in her new matrimonial surrounding.‖

    12. From a perusal of the complaint filed by the 2nd respondent
    and the final report filed by the police under Section 173(2) of
    Cr.P.C., We are of the view that the aforesaid judgment fully
    supports the case of the appellants. Even in the counter affidavits
    filed on behalf of respondent nos. 1 and 2, it is not disputed that the
    1st appellant was working in ICICI Bank at Khalilabad branch, but
    merely stated that there was a possibility to reach Gorakhpur by 8
    p.m. Though there is an allegation of causing injuries, there are no
    other external injuries noticed in the postmortem certificate, except
    the single ante-mortem injury i.e. ligature mark around the neck, and
    the cause of death is shown as asphyxia. Having regard to the case
    of the appellants and the material placed on record, we are of the
    considered view that except vague and bald allegations against the
    appellants, there are no specific allegations disclosing the
    involvement of the appellants to prosecute them for the offences
    alleged. In view of the judgment of this Court in the case of Geeta
    Mehrotra1, which squarely applies to the case of the appellants, we
    are of the view that it is a fit case to quash the proceedings.‖

    11. In a decision reported in Kahkashan Kausar @ Sonam Vs State Of

    Bihar4, wherein it was held as follows :

    18. ―The above-mentioned decisions clearly demonstrate that this
    court has at numerous instances expressed concern over the
    misuse of section 498A IPC and the increased tendency of
    implicating relatives of the husband in matrimonial disputes, without
    analysing the long term ramifications of a trial on the complainant
    as well as the accused. It is further manifest from the said
    judgments that false implication by way of general omnibus
    allegations made in the course of matrimonial dispute, if left
    unchecked would result in misuse of the process of law. Therefore,
    4
    2022 LiveLaw (SC) 141
    12
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    Crl.P.No.2936 of 2023

    this court by way of its judgments has warned the courts from
    proceeding against the relatives and in-laws of the husband when
    no prima facie case is made out against them.

    22. Therefore, upon consideration of the relevant circumstances
    and in the absence of any specific role attributed to the accused
    appellants, it would be unjust if the Appellants are forced to go
    through the tribulations of a trial, i.e., general and omnibus
    allegations cannot manifest in a situation where the relatives of the
    complainant’s husband are forced to undergo trial. It has been
    highlighted by this court in varied instances, that a criminal trial
    leading to an eventual acquittal also inflicts severe scars upon the
    accused, and such an exercise must therefore be discouraged.‖

    It has been consistently held by the Hon’ble Apex Court and this Court

    that it has become a routine practice for the victims in matrimonial offences to

    implicate all the family members of A.1 with a view to wreck vengeance. Since

    the accusations set out in the charge sheet are vague and bald, continuation

    of proceedings as against the petitioners herein would amount to an abuse of

    process of Court. Even if the entire accusations made as against the

    petitioners/A.2 and A.3 are accepted as true and correct, no prima facie case

    for the offences alleged is made out against them. The present case squarely

    falls under Clause (3) of the Bhajan lal’s case (1 supra). When such is the

    case, there is no point in allowing the petitioners to face the entire ordeal of

    trial. Hence, continuation of the impugned proceedings is nothing but abuse

    of process of Court.

    12. Accordingly, the Criminal Petition is allowed, and the proceedings in

    Calendar Case No.772 of 2023 pending on the file of learned Judicial
    13
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    Crl.P.No.2936 of 2023

    Magistrate of First Class, Anaparthi, East Godavari District, as against the

    petitioners/A.2 and A.3 herein are quashed.

    As a sequel thereto, the miscellaneous applications, if any, pending in

    this Criminal Petition, shall stand closed.

    _____________________________
    JUSTICE K. SREENIVASA REDDY

    Date: 29.04.2026.

    MS
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    Crl.P.No.2936 of 2023

    HON’BLE SRI JUSTICE K. SREENIVASA REDDY

    Criminal Petition No: 2936 of 2023

    Date: 29.04.2026

    MS



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