Krebs Biochemicals And Industries … vs Dy. Commissioner Of Income Tax on 19 June, 2026

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    Telangana High Court

    Krebs Biochemicals And Industries … vs Dy. Commissioner Of Income Tax on 19 June, 2026

    Author: P.Sam Koshy

    Bench: P.Sam Koshy

                                          1
    
    
    
    IN THE HIGH COURT FOR THE STATE OF TELANGANA AT HYDERABAD
    
                  THE HON'BLE SRI JUSTICE P.SAM KOSHY
    
                                         AND
    
          THE HON'BLE SRI JUSTICE SUDDALA CHALAPATHI RAO
    
                         ITTA.Nos.30, 31 and 32 of 2009
    
                                  Dt.19.06.2026
    Between:
    
    Krebs Biochemicals & Industries Ltd.
    
                                                                      .... Appellant
    
                                         and
    
    Dy. Commissioner of Income Tax
                                                                  ...Respondent
    
    COMMON JUDGMENT:

    (Per the Hon’ble Sri Justice Suddala Chalapathi Rao)

    1. Since the instant appeals pertains to the very same assessee, but

    SPONSORED

    for different assessment years of 2002-03, 2003-04 and 2004-05 and as

    the dispute is one and the same, giving rise to common questions of law,

    all the appeals are heard analogously and decided by this common order.

    2. The brief facts of the case are that, the appellant/assessee is a

    public limited company engaged in the manufacture and export of bulk

    drugs and is assessed to income tax under the jurisdiction of the Deputy

    Commissioner of Income Tax, Circle-2(1), Hyderabad. For the
    2

    assessment years 2002-03, 2003-04 and 2004-05, the appellant filed its

    returns of income claiming deductions under Sections 80HHC and 80IB

    of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (for short ‘the Act’). Upon scrutiny, the

    Assessing Officer completed the assessments under Section 143(3) by

    disallowing the claim relating to deferred sales tax liability under Section

    43B for the respective assessment years and consequently restricting the

    deductions admissible under Sections 80HHC and 80IB of the Act.

    3. Aggrieved by the aforesaid disallowance, the appellant/assessee

    preferred appeals before the Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) (for

    short, ‘CIT(A)’). The CIT(A), however, dismissed the appeals and affirmed

    the orders passed by the Assessing Officer. The appellant thereafter

    carried the matter in further appeal before the learned Income Tax

    Appellate Tribunal (hereinafter referred to as ‘ITAT’), which also upheld

    the findings of the Assessing Authority. Aggrieved by the orders passed

    by the learned ITAT in the respective ITAs, the appellant has preferred

    the present appeals before this Court.

    4. The learned Assessing Officer, the CIT(A) and the learned ITAT have

    concurrently held that the appellant/assessee failed to establish that the

    deferred sales tax liability had been converted into a loan. It was further
    3

    observed that there was neither any agreement with the Commercial Tax

    Department regarding repayment of the deferred amount nor any

    evidence, such as an adjustment in the sales tax assessment order or

    corresponding entries in the Government accounts, demonstrating such

    conversion. It was also held that the mere issuance of an Eligibility

    Certificate enabling the assessee to avail the sales tax deferment scheme

    would not, by itself, amount to conversion of the liability into a loan so as

    to attract the benefit under Section 43B of the Act.

    5. This Court has admitted the appeals for the following substantial

    questions of law:

    a) Whether the Hon’ble Tribunal is justified in holding that
    the deduction claimed by the assessee being the sales tax
    deferment could have been disallowed under Section 43B
    of the Income Tax Act, 1961?

    b) Whether on the facts and circumstances of the case, the
    Hon’ble Tribunal is justified in upholding the order of the
    lower authorities that the assessee is not entitled to
    deduction under Section 80 IB of the Income Tax Act,
    1961, in respect of the export incentives?

    c) Whether on the facts and circumstances of the case, the
    Hon’ble Tribunal is justified in holding that while
    computing deduction under Section 80HHC, the revenue
    can reduce the deduction claimed by the
    assessee/appellant under Section 80IB of the Income Tax
    Act, 1961?

    4

    6. Heard Sri Karan Talwar, learned counsel representing M/s CKR

    Associates for appellant/assessee and Ms J.Sunitha, the learned Senior

    Standing Counsel for Income Tax Department for respondent/Revenue.

    CONTENTIONS OF THE COUNSEL FOR APPELLANT:

    7. Though the instant appeals were admitted on substantial questions

    of law (a), (b) and (c), the learned counsel for the appellant/assessee has

    not pressed Question No.(b) and has confined his submissions to

    Questions (a) and (c). In essence, the issues that arise for consideration

    are: (a) whether the sales tax deferment is liable to be disallowed under

    Section 43B of the Act; and (c) whether, while computing deduction

    under Section 80HHC, the deduction already allowed under Section 80IB

    is required to be reduced.

    8. Insofar as Substantial Question No.(a), the learned counsel for the

    appellant/assessee contends that the learned ITAT and the lower

    authorities erred in holding that the deferred sales tax liability had not

    been converted into a loan solely on the ground that the assessee failed

    to produce the agreement to that effect. He further submits that the

    appellant had admittedly produced the Eligibility Certificate and as such,

    the conversion of the sales tax liability into a loan need not necessarily
    5

    be evidenced by a formal agreement, and when once the competent

    authority passed adjustment orders giving effect to the deferment scheme

    by treating the sales tax dues as a loan liability, such adjustment itself

    constituted valid conversion. He further contends that the lower

    authorities, including the learned ITAT, failed to appreciate this aspect in

    its proper perspective. In this context, the learned counsel has drawn the

    attention of this Court to paragraph 9 of the order of the learned ITAT,

    which reads as follows:

    “Apart from eligibility certificate, the assessee has to show that
    the liability was in fact converted into loan by way of an
    agreement or by way of entry in the Government Account or by
    way of set-off or adjustment in the sales tax assessment
    order.”

    9. The learned counsel, referring to the above findings, submits that

    pursuant to audit proceedings under the VAT Act, the jurisdictional

    Commercial Tax Officer issued adjustment orders dt.27.06.2016 in

    respect of the assessment years 2002-03 and 2003-04, whereby excess

    tax available for subsequent years was adjusted towards the deferred

    sales tax dues relating to the earlier assessment years, and these

    adjustment orders specifically contain year-wise particulars of the

    deferred tax liability and clearly demonstrate that the deferred sales tax
    6

    liability stood recognized under the Government deferment scheme. It is

    further submitted that similar adjustment orders were subsequently

    passed in the years 2016, 2017 and 2022 and since the said orders were

    passed after the proceedings before the learned ITAT and even after the

    present appeals were filed, as such the appellant could not file them

    along with the appeals, but however, they were produced them before

    this Court by way of additional evidence, and that since the said

    adjustment orders are statutory orders passed by the Commercial Tax

    Officer, this Court can take judicial notice of the same and direct the

    authorities to consider them, even de hors the application filed under

    Order XLI Rule 27 of the Code of Civil Procedure.

    10. The learned counsel further submits that the only basis on which

    the learned ITAT and the lower authorities rejected the appellant’s claim

    was the absence of material evidencing conversion of the deferred sales

    tax liability into a loan. It is contended that since the subsequent

    adjustment orders issued by the Commercial Tax Officer conclusively

    establish that the deferred sales tax liability was treated by the

    Commercial Tax Department as a liability under the Government

    deferment scheme, repayable with interest, it thereby satisfies the very

    requirement observed by the learned ITAT. It is, therefore, contended
    7

    that the orders of the Assessing Officer, the Appellate Authority and the

    learned ITAT deserve to be set aside and the matter be remitted to the

    Assessing Officer for fresh consideration in the light of the adjustment

    orders passed by the Commercial Tax Officer for the years 2016, 2017

    and 2022.

    11. The learned counsel also placed reliance on Section 16C of the

    Andhra Pradesh General Sales Tax Act, 1957, as well as the subsequent

    amendment introduced by Act 25 of 2002, whereby the expression

    “Government Loan extended to the dealer due to treating deferred tax as

    deemed to have been paid” was incorporated, to contend that the

    amendment recognizes the statutory position that, upon conversion

    under the Government scheme, the deferred sales tax liability assumes

    the character of a Government loan. Reliance is also placed on CBDT

    Circular No.496, dt.25.09.1987, which clarifies that where sales tax

    liability is converted into a loan in accordance with a Government

    Scheme, such conversion is to be treated as payment for the purposes of

    Section 43B of the Act.

    12. Learned counsel for the appellant therefore, submitted that the

    findings recorded by the learned ITAT and the lower authorities cannot
    8

    be sustained in view of the adjustment orders issued by the Commercial

    Tax Officer, which now satisfies the very deficiency noted by them,

    namely, the absence of material establishing conversion of the deferred

    sales tax liability into a loan, thereby entitling the appellant to the benefit

    under Section 43B of the Act.

    13. The learned counsel also relies upon the decision of the Hon’ble

    Punjab and Haryana High Court in CIT v. Gopal Cotton Industries 1, to

    contend that additional evidence, if found relevant, ought to be taken on

    record and the matter remitted to the Assessing Officer for verification of

    its authenticity and relevance, after affording an opportunity of hearing

    to the appellant/assessee. It is, therefore, urged that Substantial

    Question No.(a) deserves to be answered by remanding the matter to the

    Assessing Officer for fresh consideration for proper verification and

    consequential orders.

    14. Insofar as Substantial Question No.(c), the learned counsel for the

    appellant submits that the view adopted by the learned ITAT in reducing

    the deduction allowable under Section 80HHC by the amount of

    deduction granted under Section 80IB is contrary to law. Learned

    1
    2017 392 ITR 276 (P&H)
    9

    counsel further submits that though Section 80IA(9), made applicable to

    Section 80IB by virtue of Section 80IB(13), which was inserted to prevent

    double deduction of the same profits, the provision does not mandate

    reduction of the eligible profits while computing deduction under Section

    80HHC. It is contended that the Tribunal erred in relying upon the

    decision in ACIT v. Rogini Garments 2 to uphold the stand of the

    Department and consequently concluded that the deduction under

    Section 80IB has to be reduced while computing the deduction under

    Section 80HHC, and that the said interpretation is legally unsustainable.

    15. In support of the above submission, the learned counsel places

    strong reliance upon the judgment of the Hon’ble Supreme Court in CIT

    v. Shital Fibers Ltd. 3 particularly paragraphs 22 and 24, wherein it has

    been categorically held that the deduction allowable under Section 80IB

    cannot be excluded while computing the deduction under Section

    80HHC. It is, therefore, submitted that the controversy now stands

    concluded by the law declared by the Hon’ble Supreme Court and,

    accordingly, Substantial Question No.(c) deserves to be answered in

    favour of the appellant/assessee.

    2
    (2007) 108 ITR 49 (Chennai) (SB)
    3
    2025 SCC Online SC 1178
    10

    CONTENTIONS OF THE COUNSEL FOR RESPONDENT:

    16. Ms J.Sunitha, the learned Senior Standing Counsel for Income Tax

    Department appearing for respondent/Revenue while supporting the

    orders passed by the Assessing Officer, the Appellate Authority and the

    learned ITAT, submits that the appellant failed to produce any material

    before the authorities to establish that the deferred sales tax liability had

    been converted into a Government loan during the relevant assessment

    years, and that mere production of the Eligibility Certificate was not

    sufficient to claim the benefit under Section 43B of the Act, and that the

    Tribunal rightly held that the assessee was required to establish such

    conversion by cogent evidence, which it failed to do.

    17. The learned Senior Standing Counsel further submits that the

    adjustment orders now relied upon by the appellant were not produced

    before any of the authorities below and cannot be relied upon at this

    stage to overcome the deficiencies in the appellant’s case. She further

    contends that the concurrent findings recorded by the authorities are

    based on the material available before them and do not call for

    interference. Further, neither Section 16C of the Andhra Pradesh General

    Sales Tax Act nor CBDT Circular No.496 assists the appellant in the

    absence of proof of actual conversion of the deferred tax liability into a
    11

    Government loan, and therefore the learned Senior Standing Counsel

    vehemently opposes the request for remand for giving the benefit under

    Section 43B of the Act.

    18. With regard to the deduction under Sections 80HHC and 80IB, the

    learned Senior Standing Counsel submits that the learned ITAT rightly

    upheld the computation made by the Assessing Officer by applying

    Section 80IA(9), read with Section 80IB(13), so as to avoid double

    deduction in respect of the same profits, and prays that the appeals be

    dismissed.

    CONSIDERATION BY THE COURT:

    SUBSTANTIAL QUESTION ‘a’:

    19. Admittedly, the Assessing Officer, the CIT(A) and the learned ITAT

    rejected the claim of the appellant/assessee solely on the ground that no

    material had been placed on record to establish that the deferred sales

    tax liability had, in fact, been converted into a loan under the

    Government scheme. According to the authorities, there was neither any

    agreement with the Commercial Tax Department evidencing such

    conversion nor any statutory adjustment order or other

    contemporaneous record issued by the competent authority to
    12

    substantiate the appellant’s claim. It was on this limited premise that the

    benefit claimed under Section 43B of the Act came to be denied.

    20. For proper appreciation of the controversy, it is apposite to extract

    the relevant portion of Section 43B of the Income Tax Act, 1961:

    “43B. Certain deductions to be only on actual payment.–

    Notwithstanding anything contained in any other provision of
    this Act, a deduction otherwise allowable under this Act in respect
    of–

    (a) any sum payable by the assessee by way of tax, duty, cess or
    fee, by whatever name called, under any law for the time being
    in force;

    shall be allowed (irrespective of the previous year in which the
    liability to pay such sum was incurred according to the method of
    accounting regularly employed by the assessee) only in computing
    the income referred to in Section 28 of that previous year in which
    such sum is actually paid by him.”

    ……

    Explanation 4 (inserted to give effect to Government deferment
    schemes) clarifies that where a deduction in respect of any sum
    payable by way of tax, duty, cess or fee is deemed to have been
    actually paid under any scheme framed by the Central Government
    or a State Government, such amount shall be treated as having been
    actually paid for the purposes of this section.

    Note: The last paragraph (Explanation 4) is only accurate if your case
    concerns the deeming fiction introduced in relation to Government
    deferment schemes and the applicable assessment years. If this is
    13

    intended to be part of a High Court judgment, it would be preferable
    to quote the exact statutory text applicable to AYs 2002-03 to 2004-
    05 from the Bare Act rather than paraphrase it.

    ….”

    21. It is not in dispute that the assessment order was passed on

    09.03.2006 and that the appellant/assessee had already been granted

    the benefit of sales tax deferment for the assessment years 2002-03 to

    2004-05. It is equally undisputed that the Commercial Tax Officer

    subsequently issued Form VAT 205 adjustment orders in the years 2016,

    2017 and 2022, for the respective assessment years, which were

    admittedly not available when the Assessing Officer completed the

    assessments. They were also not in existence when the appeals were

    heard by the learned ITAT or even when the present appeals were

    instituted before this Court.

    22. Be that as it may, the adjustment orders have now been passed by

    the competent statutory authority, namely, the Commercial Tax Officer,

    in exercise of the powers vested in him under the relevant enactment.

    Though the appellant has filed applications under Order XLI Rule 27 of

    the Code of Civil Procedure seeking to bring the said documents on

    record, this Court is of the considered view that the adjustment orders,

    being statutory proceedings issued by the competent authority, cannot
    14

    be ignored, particularly when it is an admitted position that the

    appellant/assessee was extended the benefit of sales tax deferment for

    the assessment years in question.

    23. The principal reason which weighed with the Assessing Officer as

    well as the learned ITAT in rejecting the appellant’s claim was the

    absence of any material evidencing conversion of the deferred sales tax

    liability into a Government loan. The subsequent adjustment orders

    passed by the jurisdictional Commercial Tax Officer directly address this

    deficiency. Since these statutory orders were not available at the time

    when the assessment proceedings or the appellate proceedings were

    concluded, the appellant cannot be denied such benefit for their non-

    production. In these circumstances, in the interests of justice the

    Assessing Authority is required to afford an opportunity to the assessee

    to examine the effect of the said adjustment orders. Thus, in our

    considered view, the Assessing Authority is bound to consider the claim

    of the appellant/assessee afresh, keeping in view the adjustment orders

    passed by the Commercial Tax Officer, and extend the benefit under

    Section 43B of the Act by passing appropriate consequential orders.
    15

    24. Accordingly, insofar as Substantial Question of Law No.(a) is

    concerned, we hold that the matter deserves to be remitted to the

    Assessing Authority for the limited purpose of examining Form VAT 205

    adjustment orders issued by the jurisdictional Commercial Tax Officer in

    the years 2016, 2017 and 2022. Upon such examination, the Assessing

    Authority shall determine the appellant’s entitlement to the benefit

    claimed under Section 43B of the Act and pass appropriate

    consequential orders in accordance with law.

    SUBSTANTIAL QUESTION ‘c’:

    25. This issue no longer remains res integra, in view of the law laid

    down by the Hon’ble Supreme Court, in Shital Fibers Ltd.‘s case(supra),

    wherein the Hon’ble Supreme Court while considering an identical

    question, has held that the deduction admissible under Section 80IB

    cannot be excluded while computing the deduction under Section

    80HHC. The principle laid down therein squarely governs the controversy

    involved in the present appeals.

    26. For better understanding, the relevant observations contained in

    paragraphs 20 to 24 of the judgment in Shital Fibers Ltd.‘s case(supra),

    are extracted hereunder:

    16

    “20. Therefore, on plain reading of Sub-section (9) of Section 80-IA, if a
    deduction of profits and gains under Section 80-IA is claimed and
    allowed, the deduction to the extent of such profits and gains in any other
    provision under the heading ‘C’ is not allowed. The deduction to the
    extent allowed under Section 80-IA cannot be allowed under any other
    provision under heading ‘C’. Therefore, if deduction to the extent of ‘X’ is
    claimed and allowed out of gross total income of ‘Y’ under Section 80-
    IA and the assessee wants to claim deduction under any other provision
    under the heading ‘C’, though he may be entitled to deduction ‘Y’ under
    the said provision, he will get deduction under the other provisions to the
    extent of (Y-X) and in no case total deductions under heading ‘C’ can
    exceed the profits and gains of such eligible business of undertaking or
    enterprise.

    21. Sub-section (9) of Section 80-IA, on its plain reading, does not provide
    that when a deduction is allowed under Section 80-IA, while considering
    the claim for deduction under any of the provision under heading ‘C’, the
    deduction allowed under Section 80-IA should be deducted from the
    gross total income. The restriction under sub-section (9) of Section 80-
    IA is not on computing the total gross income. It restricts deduction
    under any other provision under heading ‘C’ to the extent of the
    deduction claimed under Section 80- IA.

    22. Bombay High Court, in the case of Associated Capsules (P) Ltd. v. Deputy
    Commissioner of Income Tax and Anr4
    in paragraphs 38 and 39 held
    thus:

    “39. Strong reliance was also placed by the counsel for the Revenue on
    the Special Bench decisions of the Tribunal in the case of Rogini
    Garments (2007) 294 ITR (AT) 15 (Chennai) and Hindustan Mint and
    Agro Products P. Ltd.(2009) 315 ITR (AT) 401 (Delhi), which are affirmed
    by the Delhi High Court in the case of Great Eastern Exports (2011) 332
    ITR 14.

    Reliance is also placed on decision of the Kerala High Court in the case of
    Olam Exports (India) Ltd. (2011) 332 ITR 40, which supports the case of the
    Revenue.

    40. We find it difficult to subscribe to the views expressed by the Delhi
    High Court in interpreting the provisions of section 80-IA(9). In that case,
    in fact, the counsel for the Revenue had argued (see paragraph 38 of the
    judgment) that section 80-IA(9) applies at the stage of allowing deduction
    and not at the stage of computing deduction under other provisions
    under heading C of Chapter VI-A. It was argued that in the matter of
    grant of deduction, the first stage is computation of deduction and the
    second stage is the allowance of the deduction. Computation of
    deduction has to be made as provided in the respective sections and it is
    only at the stage of allowing deduction under section 80-IA(1) and also
    17

    under other provisions under heading C of Chapter VI-A, the provisions
    of section 80-IA(9) come into operation. While accepting the arguments
    advanced by the counsel for the Revenue, it appears that the Delhi High
    Court failed to consider the important argument of the Revenue noted in
    paragraph 38 of its judgment. Moreover, without rejecting the argument
    of the Revenue that section 80-IA(9) applies at the stage of allowing the
    deduction and not at the stage of computing the deduction, the Delhi
    High Court could not have held that section 80- IA(9) seeks to disturb
    the method of computing the deduction provided under other provisions
    under heading C of Chapter VI-A of the Act. In these circumstances, we
    find it difficult to concur with the views expressed by the Delhi High
    Court in the case of Great Eastern Exports [2011] 332ITR 14. For the
    same reason, we find it difficult to subscribe to the views expressed by
    the Kerala High Court in the case of Olam Exports [2011] 332ITR 40.

    41. In the result, we hold that section 80-IA(9) does not affect the
    computability of deduction under various provisions under heading C of
    Chapter VI-A, but it affects the allowability of deductions computed
    under various provisions under heading C of Chapter VI-A, so that the
    aggregate deduction under section 80-IA and other provisions under
    heading C of Chapter VI-A do not exceed 100 per cent. of the profits of
    the business of the assessee. Our above view is also supported by
    the dated December 23, 1998 ((1999) 235 TR (St.)35), wherein it is stated
    that section 80-IA(9) has been introduced with a view to prevent the
    taxpayers from claiming repeated deductions in respect of the same
    amount of eligible income and that too in excess of the eligible profits.
    Thus, the object of section 80- IA(9) being not to curtail the
    deductions computable under various provisions under heading C of
    Chapter VI-A, it is reasonable to hold that section 80-IA(9) affects
    allowability of deduction and not computation of deduction. To illustrate,
    if Rs.100 is the profits of the business of the undertaking, Rs. 30 is the
    profits allowed as deduction under section 80-IA(1) and the deduction
    computed as per section 80HHC is Rs. 80, then, in view of section 80-
    IA(9), the deduction under section 80HHC would be restricted to Rs. 70,
    so that the aggregate deduction does not exceed the profits of the
    business.”

    23. Hence, we find that the view taken by the Bombay High Court is correct.

    Dipak Misra, J (as he then was), in paragraphs 47 and 48 of the decision
    in the case of Assistant Commissioner of Income Tax, Bangalore v. Micro
    Labs Limited1
    approved the view taken by Bombay High Court in the
    aforesaid case. Paragraphs 47 and 48 read thus:

    “47. It is in the context of Section 80-HHC that sub-section (9) of Section
    80-I
    has come up for interpretation. There is no dispute that sub-
    section (9) of Section 80-I would be applicable as the assessee
    would be entitled to deduction under Section 80-IA as well as
    18

    under Section 80-HHC. The contention of the Revenue is that the
    said sub-section mandates that deduction under Section 80-
    HHC has to be computed not only on the profits of business as
    reduced by the amounts specified in clause (baa) and sub-section
    (4-B) of Section 80-HHC but by also reducing the amount of profit
    and gains allowed as a deduction under Section 80-IA(1) of the
    Act. In other words, the gross total income eligible for deduction
    under Section 80-HHC would be less or reduced by the deduction
    already allowed under Section 80-IA. Thus, the gross total income
    eligible for deduction would not be the gross total income as
    defined in sub- section (5) of Section 80-B read with Section 80-B,
    but would be the gross total income computed under sub-section
    (5) of Section 80- B read with Section 80-AB less the deduction
    under Section 80-IA. An example will make the position clear.

    Supposing an assessee has gross total income of Rs 1000 and is
    entitled to deduction under Sections 80-IA and 80- HHC and the
    deduction under Section 80-IA is Rs 300, then the gross total
    income of which deduction under Section 80-HHC is to be
    computed would be Rs 700, and not Rs 1000.

    48. On the other hand, the case of the assessee is that the gross total
    income would not undergo a change or reduction for the purpose
    of Section 80-HHC. The two deductions will be computed
    separately, without the deduction allowed under Section 80-
    IA being reduced from the gross total income for computing the
    deduction under Section 80-HHC. The reason being that sub-
    section (9) of Section 80-IA does not affect computation of
    deduction under Section 80- HHC, but postulates that the
    deduction computed under Section 80-HHC so aggregated with
    the deduction under Section 80-IA does not exceed the profits of
    the business.” In paragraphs 53 and 54 of the same decision, it is
    held thus:-

    “53. The first part of sub-section (9) of Section 80-IA refers to the
    computation of profits and gains of an undertaking or enterprise
    allowed under Section 80-IA in any assessment year and the
    amount so calculated shall not be allowed as a deduction under
    any other provisions of this Chapter. It is in this context that the
    Bombay High Court has rightly pointed out that there is a
    difference between allowing a deduction and computation of
    deduction. The two have separate and distinct meanings.
    Computation of deduction is a stage prior and helps in quantifying
    the amount, which is eligible for deduction. Sub- section (9)
    of Section 80-IA does not bar or prohibit the deduction allowed
    under Section 80-IA from being included in the gross total income,
    when deduction under Section 80- HHC(3) of the Act is computed.
    In this context it has been held that the expression “shall not be
    19

    allowed” cannot be equated with the words “shall not qualify” or
    “shall not be allowed in computing deduction”. The effect thereof
    would be that while computing deduction under Section 80-HHC,
    the gross total income would mean the gross total income before
    allowing any deduction under Section 80-IA or other sections of
    Part C of Chapter VI-A of the Act. But once the deduction
    under Section 80- HHC has been calculated, it will be allowed,
    ensuring that the deduction under Sections 80-HHC and 80-
    IA when aggregated do not exceed profits and gains of such eligible
    business of undertaking and enterprise.

    54. As I find, the legislature has used the expression “shall not
    qualify” in Sections 80-HHB(5) and 80-HHD(7), but the said
    expression has not been used in sub-section (9) of Section 80-IA.
    The formula prescribed in sub-section (3) of Section 80-HHC is a
    complete code for the purpose of the said computation of eligible
    profits and gains of business from exports of mercantiles and
    goods. It has reference to total turnover, turnover from exports in
    proportion to profits and gains from business in clause (a) and so
    forth under clauses (b) and (c) of Section 80- HHC(3) of the Act. In
    case the gross total income is reduced or modified taking into
    account the deduction allowed under Section 80-IA, it would lead
    to absurd and unintended consequences. It would render the
    formula under sub-section (3) of Section 80-HHC ineffective and
    unworkable as highlighted in para 30 of the decision in Associated
    Capsules (P) Ltd. [Associated Capsules (P) Ltd. v. CIT
    , 2011 SCC
    OnLine Bom 27 : (2011) 332 ITR 42 (Bom)] with reference to
    clause (b) of Section 80-HHC(3). Even when I apply clause (a) and
    calculate eligible deduction under Section 80- HHC, it would give
    an odd and anomalous figure. To illustrate, I would like to
    expound on the earlier example after recording that the gross total
    income of Rs 1000 was on assumed total turnover of Rs 10,000
    which includes export turnover of Rs 5000 and the deduction
    allowable under Section 80-IA was 30% and the deduction
    allowable under Section 80- HHC was 80% of the eligible profits as
    computed under Section 80-HHC(3). The stand of the Revenue is
    that without alteration or modification of the figures of total
    turnover and the export turnover, the gross total income would
    undergo a reduction from Rs 1000 to Rs 700 as Rs 300 has been
    allowed as a deduction under Section 80-IA. This would result in
    anomaly for the said figure would not be the actual and true figure
    or the true gross total income or profit earned on the total
    turnover including export turnover and, therefore, would give a
    somewhat unusual and unacceptable result. There is no logic or
    rationale for making the calculation in the said impracticable and
    unintelligible manner.

    20

    24. In view of what we have held above, we find that the interpretation made
    by the Bombay High Court in the case of Associated Capsules (P) Ltd.
    v. Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax and Anr
    (Civil Appeal No.1914
    OF 2012, dt.08.02.2012) appears to be logical and correct.”

    27. In view of the law laid down by the Hon’ble Supreme Court in

    Shital Fibres Ltd.‘s case (supra), this substantial question of law stands

    settled in favour of the appellant/assessee.

    28. The Hon’ble Supreme Court has clearly held that the deduction

    allowed under Section 80-IA/80-IB cannot be reduced while computing

    the deduction available under Section 80HHC. The provisions of Section

    80-IA(9) only place a restriction on the total amount of deduction that

    can ultimately be allowed under various provisions of Chapter VI-A and

    do not provide for reducing the deduction already allowed under Section

    80-IA/80-IB while calculating the deduction under another provision.

    29. The Hon’ble Supreme Court has also upheld the view that the

    deductions under different sections of Chapter VI-A have to be computed

    separately in accordance with the respective provisions. After computing

    the deductions, it has to be ensured that the total deduction allowed

    does not exceed the eligible profits of the business. Therefore, the

    deduction granted under Section 80IB cannot be deducted from the

    profits while working out the deduction under Section 80HHC.
    21

    30. In the present case, the Assessing Officer, as well as the Appellate

    Authority and the learned ITAT, proceeded on the basis that the

    deduction allowed under Section 80IB has to be reduced while

    computing the deduction under Section 80HHC. Such a view is contrary

    to the law laid down by the Hon’ble Supreme Court. Once the legal

    position has been settled by the Hon’ble Supreme Court, the contrary

    view taken by the authorities below cannot be sustained.

    31. Accordingly, the findings of the Assessing Officer, as confirmed by

    the Appellate Authority and the learned ITAT, are liable to be set aside.

    The substantial question of law is, therefore, answered in favour of the

    appellant/assessee and against the Revenue.

    CONCLUSION:

    32. In view of the above findings, all the appeals are PARTLY

    ALLOWED. The assessment orders passed by the Assessing Officer, as

    confirmed by the Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) and the learned

    ITAT, are all set aside to the extent indicated above. The matter is

    remitted back to the Assessing Officer to consider the Form VAT-205

    adjustment orders issued by the jurisdictional Commercial Tax Officer

    during the years 2016, 2017 and 2022 and examine the effect of the said
    22

    statutory orders while reconsidering the claim of the appellant/assessee

    under Section 43B of the Income Tax Act. The Assessing Officer shall

    also re-compute the deduction under Section 80HHC by applying the law

    laid down by the Hon’ble Supreme Court in Shital Fibers Limited’s

    case(supra) and extend the consequential benefit to the

    appellant/assessee. After undertaking the above exercise, the Assessing

    Officer shall pass appropriate consequential orders in accordance with

    law after affording a reasonable opportunity of hearing to the

    appellant/assessee. The aforesaid exercise shall be completed as

    expeditiously as possible, preferably within a period of three(03) months

    from the date of receipt of a copy of this judgment. There shall be no

    order as to costs.

    As a sequel, pending miscellaneous applications, if any, shall stand

    closed.

    _________________________________
    P.SAM KOSHY, J

    ________________________________
    SUDDALA CHALAPATHI RAO, J
    19th June, 2026

    gra



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