Karnataka Lokayuktha P.S vs Jayakumar A.S on 21 July, 2026

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    Bangalore District Court

    Karnataka Lokayuktha P.S vs Jayakumar A.S on 21 July, 2026

                               1
                                             Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016
    
    KABC010265942016
    
    
    
    
       IN THE COURT OF LXXVII ADDITIONAL CITY CIVIL AND
       SESSIONS JUDGE & THE SPECIAL JUDGE FOR TRYING
       OFFENCES UNDER THE PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION
               ACT, AT BENGALURU CITY (CCH-78)
    
           DATED THIS THE 21ST DAY OF JULY 2026
    
                            PRESENT:
              Sri.PRAKASH NAYAK, B.A.(LAW), LL.B.
           LXXVII ADDL. CITY CIVIL & SESSIONS
          JUDGE & LOKAYUKTHA SPECIAL JUDGE,
                    BENGALURU CITY.
    
                       SPL. C.C.No. 480/2016
    
        COMPLAINANT:               State by Karnataka
                                   Lokayukta Police.
                                   City Division, Bengaluru.
    
                                   (Rep.by Public Prosecutor)
                              /VS/
        ACCUSED:                   Sri.A.S.Jayakumar,
                                   S/o late Shivaram,
                                   Assistant Executive Engineer,
                                   K2 Sub-division,
                                   BESCOM,
                                   Anjana Nagar,
                                   Bengaluru
                                   Residing at No.374,
                                   2nd 'B' Cross,
                                   4th Main Road,
                                   14th Block,
                                 2
                                                Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016
    
                                    Nagarabhavi,
                                    2nd Stage,
                                    Bengaluru.
    
                                    (Rep by Sri.RRG., Advocate )
                                *****
    
    
               TABULATION OF EVENTS
    01. Date of commission of offence       :     03-02-2015
    
    02. Date of report of offences to
       the Police Station (FIR date)        :     07-02-2015
    
    03. Date of arrest of accused           :     07-02-2015
    
    
    04. Date of release of accused
        from JC                             :     11-02-2015
    
    05. Name of the complainant             :     Sri.K.M.Dinesh
    06. Nature of offence complained        :       U/Sec.7, 13(1)
                                                   (d) R/w Sec.
                                                   13(2) of Prevention
                                                   of Corruption Act
                                                   1988.
    07. Date of submission of
        charge sheet                        :        21-10-2016
    08. Date of commencement of
        recording of evidence               :        27-01-2026
    09. Date of closing of evidence         :        12-06-2026
    10. Date of judgment                    :         21-07-2026
    
    
    11. Opinion of the Judge in             :         Accused is
        respect of the offences.                      acquitted
                               *****
                                 3
                                                 Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016
    
                        JUDGMENT
    

    The Police Inspector of Bengaluru City Division

    Karnataka Lokayuktha, Bengaluru has filed the

    SPONSORED

    charge sheet against the accused under Section 7,

    13 (1) (d) r/w Section 13 (2) of Prevention of

    Corruption Act, 1988.

    2. The factual matrix of the case reveals that, it is

    the specific case of the prosecution that C.W.1-

    K.M.Dinesh, the complainant, is the licenced

    Electrical Contractor and he approached the

    accused who is a public servant, working as AEE,

    K-2 Sub Division, BESCOM, Ajana Nagar,

    Bengaluru, in respect of approval of sanction of 10

    HP power each to the factories of CW-4

    Sri.B.R.Sridhar and CW-5 Sri.Vinay and then the

    accused demanded illegal gratification of

    Rs.40,000/- from the complainant. It is further

    alleged by the prosecution that on 07-02-2015 in

    between 3-10 pm to 3-20 pm at his office the

    accused demanded and received Rs.30,000/- from

    CW-1 as motive or reward to show his official favour
    4
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    and thereby he has committed an offence

    punishable under Section 7 of Prevention of

    Corruption Act. It is also case of the prosecution

    that on the above said date, time and place the

    accused who was working as a public servant

    abused his position as public servant by illegally

    obtaining a sum of Rs.30,000/- from CW-1 and

    thereby committed the offence punishable under

    Section 13 (1) (d) r/w Section 13 (2) of Prevention of

    Corruption Act.

    3. After securing the presence of the accused before

    the Court, initially he was remanded to judicial

    custody and thereafter he was enlarged on regular

    bail. Subsequently, as mandated under Section 207

    of Cr.P.C the prosecution papers were supplied to

    the accused and since there exist prima-facie

    materials to frame charge, charge was framed and

    read over to the accused who pleaded not guilty and

    claims to be tried. In order to prove its case the

    prosecution has examined PWs. 1 to 11 and got

    exhibited Ex.P-1 to P-40 and Mos.1 to 15 were also
    5
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    got marked on behalf of the prosecution.

    4. The prosecution evidence in gist is described as

    under:

    Prosecution Charge Person examined Evidence Exhibits
    witness No. Sheet regarding marked
    witness
    No.

    PW.1 CW.1 Sri.K.M.Dinesh Evidence Ex.P.1 to
    regarding P-10
    submitting Ex.P-3 (a),
    Ex.P-3 FIS Ex.P4(a),
    and Ex.P.5(a),
    regarding Ex.P18 (a),
    pre-trap Ex.P-9(a),
    and Ex.P10(a),
    trap pancha Mo.1 to Mo.7
    nama
    PW.2 CW. 2 Sri.B.S.Kiran Evidence Ex.P4(b),
    Kumar regarding Ex.P11,
    pretrap and P11(a),
    trap Ex.P5 (b),
    pancha Ex.P-12, P-

                                               nama     12(a), Ex.P-
                                                        13, P-13 (a),
                                                        14 to
                                                        14 (a),
                                                        Ex.P.15, P-
                                                        15(a), Ex.P-
                                                        16, P-16(a),
                                                        Ex.P-17,
                                                        Ex.P- 17(a),
                                                        M.O.8 to
                                                        MO.14
      PW.3      CW.5 Sri.Vinay.S.            Evidence
                                             regarding
                                            submission
                                                 of
                                            application        --
                                              seeking
                                               power
                                              sanction
      PW.4      CW.4 Sri.B.R.Sridhar             --       --
    
      PW.5      CW.3 Sri.Yogesh.B.           Trap and     Ex.P- 4(c),
                                             pre trap     Ex.P-5(c),
                             6
                                    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016
    
    
                                  panchanam Ex.P-12 (b),
                                      a     Ex.P-18,
                                            18(a), Ex.P-
                                            17(b), Ex.P-
                                            19, Ex.P-
                                            19(a), Ex.P-
                                            14 (b), Ex.P-
                                            15(b), Ex.P-
                                            16(b), Ex.P-
                                            13 (b), Ex.P-
                                            20, Ex.P-20
                                            (a), MO.15
    PW.6    CW.9 Dr.Basavaraj       Evidence     Ex.P-22,
                 Govinagidad       regarding     Ex.P-22(a),
                                  issuance of    Ex.P-23, P-
                                    chemical     23 (a), Ex.P-
                                  examinatio     24, Ex.P24
                                    n report     (a)
    PW.7    CW.1 C. Vidya           Evidence     Ex.P-25,
             0                     regarding     Ex.P25 (a),
                                  issuance of    Ex.P-26,
                                   FSL report    Ex.P-26(a)
    PW.8    CW.6 M.Ramakrishna      Evidence Ex.P-28,
                                    regarding Ex.P-28(a),
                                  issuance of Ex.P-29,
                                  prosecution Ex.P-30,
                                     sanction Ex.P-30(a)
    PW.9    CW.7 Sri.H.C.Rame        Evidence Ex.P.31 and
                 gowda              regarding Ex.P31(a)
                                   furnishing
                                  documents
                                   pertaining
                                     to work
                                  allotment of
                                     accused
    PW.10   CW-   Sri.Raju.T.V.    Evidence      Ex.P-3(b) to
             18                    regarding     Ex.P-32 (a),
                                  conducting     Ex.P-14(c),
                                       of        Ex.P-11(b),
                                  investigatio   Ex.P-4(d),
                                     n and       Ex.P-14(d),
                                  submission     Ex.P-19(b),
                                   of charge     Ex.P-15(c),
                                     sheet       Ex.P-33,
                                                 Ex.P-34,
                                                 Ex.P-17,
                                                 17(c), 17(d),
                                                 Ex.P-35,
                                7
                                             Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016
    
    
                                                       35(a), Ex.P-
                                                       16(c), Ex.P-
                                                       5(d), 5 (e),
                                                       Ex.P-36,
                                                       36(a)Ex.P-
                                                       37, 37(a),
                                                       Ex.P-22(b),
                                                       Ex.P-23(b),
                                                       Ex.P-28(b),
                                                       Ex.P-24(b),
                                                       Ex.P-38,
                                                       38(a), P-
                                                       12(c), P-
                                                       12(d), Ex.P-
                                                       39, 39(a),
                                                       Ex.P-25 (b),
                                                       Ex.P-40,
                                                       40(a)
     PW.11       -     M.V.Chandrashekar               Ex.P16(d)
    
    
    
    

    5. After closure of the prosecution evidence, the

    statement of accused under Section 313 of Cr.P.C.

    was recorded. The accused has denied the

    incriminating evidence as appears against him and

    he has not chosen to adduce any defence evidence.

    The accused has filed his statement under Section

    313 (5) of Cr.P.C. along with one document. During

    the evidence of the prosecution Ex.D-1 to D-4 were

    confronted to the prosecution witnesses and got

    exhibited.

    6. On behalf of prosecution the learned Public

    Prosecutor submitted the arguments on merits in
    8
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    detail and on behalf of accused, the learned counsel

    for accused submitted his arguments and also filed

    written synopsis with citation subsequently.

    7. After analyzing the available oral and

    documentary evidence on record and after hearing

    the submission of both sides on merits, the point

    that would arise for determination are;

    1. Whether the prosecution has secured
    the valid sanction to prosecute the
    accused?

    2. Whether the prosecution further proves
    beyond reasonable doubt that the
    accused being public servant working
    as AEE, K-2 Sub-Division, BESCOM,
    Ajana Nagar, Bengaluru, demanded
    illegal gratification of Rs.40,000/- from
    CW-1 K.M.Dinesh for approval of 10
    H.P. power to each factories of CW-4
    Sri.B.R.Sridhar and CW-5 Sri.Vinay
    and on 07-02-2015 in between 3-10 to
    3-20 pm. at his office the accused has
    demanded and received Rs.30,000/-

    from CW-1 as motive and reward to
    show his official favour and thereby he
    has committed offence punishable
    under Section 7 of Prevention of
    Corruption Act, 1988?

    3. Whether the prosecution further proves
    that in connection with the above at
    9
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    the above mentioned time, date and
    place the accused having demand and
    accepted an illegal gratification of
    Rs.30,000/- from the complainant
    against the public interest and thereby
    committed criminal misconduct under
    Section 13(1) (d) which is punishable
    under Section 13 (2) of Prevention of
    Corruption Act?

    4. If so, What order?

    8. My answers to above points are as under:

    POINT NO.1:- In the AFFIRMATIVE,

    POINT NO.2:- In the NEGATIVE,

    POINT NO.3:- In the NEGATIVE,

    POINT No.4 :- As per the final order
    for the following:

    REASONS

    9. POINT NO.1:- The materials on record reveals

    that initially Crime No.6/2015 is registered against

    this accused for the offences punishable under

    Section 7, 13 (1) (d) r/w Section 13(2) of Prevention

    of Corruption Act, 1988 and subsequently the

    accused was discharged by the orders of this Court

    dated 23-11-2017 and the complainant Police

    challenged the said order by filing Crl. Revision
    10
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    Petition No.889/2024 before the Hon’ble High Court

    of Karnataka, Bengaluru and on 28-08-2025 the

    Hon’ble High Court of Karnataka, Bengaluru allowed

    the Criminal Revision Petition filed by the

    complainant police and remanded the matter to this

    Court to dispose off the case in accordance with law.

    10. In this case, it is an undisputed fact that

    accused is the public servant, at the time of alleged

    incident and he was working as an Assistant

    Executive Engineer, BESCOM, K-2, City Division,

    Anjana Nagar, Bengaluru. The undisputed facts on

    record clearly reveals that there is no dispute that as

    on the date of alleged incident the accused was

    working as public servant as defined under section

    2(c) of Prevention of corruption Act, 1988.

    11. In this case the accused has not seriously

    challenged the validity of Ex.P-30 sanction order

    issued by the concerned competent authority.

    However before considering the facts and evidence

    on record pertaining to the validity of said sanction

    order which was issued to prosecute the accused,
    11
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    this Court is of the opinion that it is just and proper

    to rely upon the decision of Hon’ble Apex Court

    reported in [2013] 8 SCC 119 [State of Maharashtra

    through CBI vs Mahesh G.Jain] in this regard. In

    the said decision the Hon’ble Apex Court held that

    “the adequacy of the materials placed before the

    sanctioning authority cannot be gone into by the

    Court as it does not sit in appeal over the sanction

    order. An order of sanction should not be construe

    in a pedantic manner and there should not be a

    hyper technical approach to test its validity. When

    there is an order of sanction by the competent

    authority indicating the application of mind, the

    same should not lightly dealt with. The flimsy

    technicalities cannot be allowed to become tools in

    the hands of the accused”.

    12. The Hon’ble Apex Court in the decision reported

    in [2014] 4 SCC 295 [CBI vs Ashok Kumar Agarwal]

    held that ” Prosecution has to satisfy the Court that

    at the time of sending the matter for the grant of

    sanction by the competent authority, adequate
    12
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    material for such grant was made available to the

    said authority. This may also be evident from the

    sanction order, in case, it is not extremely

    comprehensive, as all the facts and circumstances of

    the case may be spelt out in the sanction order.

    However, in every individual case, the court has to

    find out whether there has been an application of

    mind on the part of the sanctioning authority

    concerned on the material placed before it. It is also

    necessary for the reason that there is an obligation

    on the sanctioning authority to discharge its duty to

    give or withhold sanction only after having full

    knowledge of the material facts of the case. The

    grant of sanction is not a mere formality. Therefore,

    the provisions in regard to the sanction must be

    observed with complete strictness keeping in mind

    the public interest and the protection available to

    the accused against whom the sanction is sought “.

    13. The catena of decisions of Hon’ble Apex Court

    reveals that sanction lifts the bar for prosecution

    and therefore it is not an acrimonious exercise, but
    13
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    a sacrosanct act which affords protection to the

    public servants against the frivolous prosecution.

    Further, it is a weapon to discourage vexatious

    prosecution and it is a safeguard for innocent,

    though not a shield for the guilty. Further these

    above said decisions clearly contemplate that the

    order of sanction must ex-facie disclose that the

    sanctioning authority had considered the evidence

    and other materials placed before it. In every

    individual case, the prosecution has to establish and

    satisfy the court by adducing evidence that those

    facts were placed before the sanctioning authority

    and the authority has applied its mind on the same.

    Further, there is an obligation on the sanctioning

    authority to discharge his duty to give or withhold

    only after full knowledge of material facts of the

    case. Therefore, the prosecution must send the

    entire relevant records to the sanctioning authority

    including F.I.R., Statement of the witnesses,

    recovery memos, draft charge-sheet and other

    relevant materials. The concerned competent

    authority itself has to do complete and conscious
    14
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    scrutiny of the whole record, so produced by the

    prosecution independently by applying its mind and

    taking into consideration of all relevant facts before

    grant of sanction while discharging its duty to give

    or withhold the sanction. The power to grant

    sanction is to be exercised strictly by keeping in

    mind the public interest and protection available to

    the accused against whom the sanction is sought.

    14. Admittedly, it is for the prosecution to establish

    that it has obtained valid sanction as contemplated

    under Section 19 of Prevention of Corruption Act,

    1988, so as to prosecute the accused for the offences

    alleged against him. The prosecution can prove this

    aspect by producing the oral sanction order which

    consist the facts constituting offences on the ground

    of satisfaction and also by adducing evidence of

    author of the sanction order. As stated above a valid

    sanction is a pre-requisite to take cognizance of

    enumerated offence alleged to have been committed

    by public servant.

    15

    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    15. In the light of the aforesaid settled principle of

    law, now, this Court has to examine the evidence

    adduced by the prosecution in respect of the aspect

    of validity of sanction order. The available materials

    on record reveals that in order to prove the factum of

    valid sanction, in this case the prosecution relies

    upon the evidence of PW.8 Sri.M.Ramakrishna and

    Ex.P-28 to P-30.

    16. The said PW-8 Sri.M.Ramakrishna in his

    examination-in-chief has deposed that the

    complainant police have sought an order of sanction

    to prosecute accused and they have furnished the

    copy of the complaint, FIR, copy of pre-trap

    panchanama, trap pachanama, copy of defence

    statement of the accused, copy of the spot sketch,

    final report and the copy of the audio which was

    reduced into writing etc. He has also deposed in his

    examination-in-chief that since he was working as

    Director of Administration H.R. KPTCL, he had the

    authority to appoint and remove the accused who

    was working as AEE. He has further deposed that
    16
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    as per Ex.P-30 he has issued sanction order to

    prosecute the accused and the said order was issued

    under Section 19 (1)(c) of Prevention of Corruption

    Act and on 23-9-2016 he has issued the said

    sanction order to prosecute the accused for the

    offences punishable under Section 7, 13 (1) (d) r/w

    Section 13 (2) of Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988.

    17. In his cross-examination made by learned

    counsel for accused nothing favourable to the case

    of the accused is elicited. PW-8 has denied all the

    suggestions put to him by the learned counsel for

    accused and he has denied that without applying his

    mind mechanically he has issued Ex.P-30 sanction

    order.

    18. Relying upon the aforesaid evidence on record

    learned public prosecutor has submitted that the

    oral and documentary evidence on record clearly

    discloses that the competent authority has accorded

    the sanction after applying his mind and after

    verifying records and hence Ex.P-30 Sanction order

    is valid in accordance with law. On the other hand
    17
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    the learned counsel for the accused has submitted

    that without applying his mind PW-8 has

    mechanically issued Ex.P-30 Sanction order and it is

    invalid.

    19. It is an admitted fact that a public servant

    entitled to question the validity of sanction order at

    any stage of the proceedings, even at the appellate

    stage. However, in this case materials on record

    clearly reveals that the accused has evasively

    challenged the validity of Ex.P-30 sanction order

    without substantiating the same. On the other hand

    Ex.P-30 and the oral evidence of PW-8 and evidence

    available on record clearly reveals that the

    prosecution beyond all reasonable doubt proved that

    it has secured valid sanction order as per

    Ex.P-30 to prosecute the accused. Hence

    considering all these facts, the Court holds that

    Ex.P-30 sanction order is valid and hence the Court

    proceed to answer Point No.1 in the Affirmative.

    20. POINT No.2: As afore mentioned the accused in

    this case is alleged to have committed the offence
    18
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    punishable under Section 7, 13 (1) (d) r/w Section

    13 (2) of Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. It is

    settled law that the prosecution has to prove the

    charge under section 7 and 13 (1) (d) of the Act, like

    in any criminal offence and that the accused should

    be considered to be innocent till it is established,

    otherwise by proper proof of demand and acceptance

    of illegal gratification which are vital ingredients

    necessary to be proved to record a conviction. The

    followings are the ingredients of Section 7 of the Act.

    (i) The accused must be a public servant or

    expecting to be a public servant.

    ii) he should accept, or obtain, or agrees to accept

    and attempts to obtained from any person.

    (iii) for himself or for other person.

    (iv) any gratification other than the legal

    remuneration .

    (v) as a motive or reward for doing or forbearing

    to do any official act or to show favour or disfavour.

    21. It is also settled law that mere possession and

    recovery of currency notes from the accused without
    19
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    proof of demand would not establish an offence

    under Section 7 as well as 13 (1) (d) (i) and (ii) of the

    Act. This is because proof of demand is

    Sine-qua-non or an indispensable essentiality and a

    mandate for an offence under Section 7 and 13 (1)

    (d) and (i) and (ii) of the Act. That proof of

    acceptance of illegal gratification could follow only if

    there was proof of demand. That proof of demand of

    illegal gratification is the gravamen of the offence

    under Section 7 and 13 (1) (d) (i) and (ii) of the Act

    and in the absence thereof, the charge would

    thereby fail. In other words, mere acceptance of any

    amount by way of illegal gratification or recovery

    thereof dehors the proof of demand, ipso-facto would

    not be sufficient to bring home the charge under the

    said section of the Act. In the absence of proof of

    demand a legal presumption under section 20 of the

    Prevention of Corruption Act, would also not arise.

    22. Once it was established that there was a

    demand or payment or acceptance of gratification

    and once the foundational facts were proved, the
    20
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    presumption for payment or acceptance of illegal

    gratification was applicable. It is well settled that

    when an allegation of commission of offence

    punishable under Section 7 of the Prevention of

    Corruption Act, is made, the prosecution must prove

    both demand and acceptance of the bribe or

    gratification. When an allegation of this nature is

    made the burden is heavily upon the prosecution to

    prove beyond all shadow of doubt that the accused

    did demand for gratification and tainted amount was

    received by him is that illegal gratification.

    23. All these facts and settled principles of law

    contemplate that in order to fulfill the above said

    requirements there are certain prerequisites.

    Firstly, the accused must be a public servant and

    there must be a work pending with him of the

    complainant and finally he must have demanded the

    complainant or aggrieved person of bribe or

    gratification for showing any favour to him which

    comes in the way of public duties.

    21

    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    24. In this case so for as the first ingredient is

    concerned, there is no dispute that the accused is a

    public servant and he is presently working in

    Bescom and at the time of alleged commission of

    offence he was working as AEE, K-2 Sub-Division,

    Bescom, Anjana Nagar, Bengaluru. Now in respect

    of other essentials i.e. demand, acceptance and in

    respect of work of the complainant pending with the

    accused etc, the evidence on record has to be

    analysed carefully.

    With regard to Demand:

    25. In this case it is an undisputed fact that the

    complainant PW-1 K.M.Dinesh, is an Electrical

    Contactor which is evident from Ex.P-1 the copy of

    licence and Ex.P-2 reveals his registered address.

    Further it is also an admitted fact that CW-5

    Vinay.S. and CW.4 Sridhar B.R. have approached

    the complainant seeking to obtain 10 HP power

    sanction each to their respective factories which is

    evident from Ex.P-6 and Ex.P-7. Further it is also

    an admitted fact that said Ex.P-6 and Ex.P-7 were
    22
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    submitted to the concerned office of Bescom prior to

    the date of trap i.e. on 7-2-2015 and it is also an

    admitted fact that in support of the application the

    charges which are required to be paid were also paid

    by CW-4 and CW-5 and in this regard there is no

    dispute. Further there is no dispute as to the

    identification of the accused in this case.

    26. Demand Refers to explicit positive act of a

    public servant soliciting or asking for undue

    advantage. In this case it is the specific case of the

    prosecution that the accused has demanded for

    gratification of Rs.40,000/- initially and thereafter

    reduced it to Rs.30,000/- from the complainant in

    order to grant 10 H.P. each power sanction to CWs 4

    and 5. In this regard the learned Public Prosecutor

    has submitted that Ex.P-3 F.I.S. and Ex.P-11

    transcription of voice conversation recorded in

    MO.1 C.D. and evidence of PW.1 clearly supports

    that the said acceptable circumstantial evidence

    indicates that the accused has demanded for

    gratification from the complainant on 03-02-2015
    23
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    which was recorded by the complainant in his

    mobile and same was furnished to the I.O. prior to

    conducting pre-trap panchanama and trap

    panchanama. Hence it is the contention of the

    learned Public Prosecutor that the prosecution has

    discharged its initial burden of proving the aspect of

    demand by the accused.

    27. However, on the other hand the learned

    counsel for the accused has submitted that the

    evidence of PW.1 itself is unworthy and nowhere he

    has stated that the accused has demanded

    gratification from him and even in Ex.P-11 nowhere

    it reveals that the accused has demanded for any

    amount from the complainant and all these

    allegations were made by the prosecution against

    the accused without any corroborative piece of

    evidence and all the allegations are baseless and the

    prosecution has miserably failed to prove the

    allegation of demand as made against the accused.

    28. In order to adjudicate the respective contentions
    24
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    of both prosecution and the defence, it is just and

    necessary to consider the oral and documentary

    evidence on record with reference to the aspect of

    demand. It is relevant to note that in Ex.P-3 FIS

    submitted by CW.1 to the Karnataka Lokayuktha

    Police on 07-02-2015, the complainant has alleged

    that when he approached the accused and enquired

    regarding non sanctioning of power in respect of file

    pertaining to CW.4 and CW.5, the accused wrote

    Rs.40,000/- on a paper and demanded the said

    amount as a gratification and thereafter he came

    back and on 03-02-2015 again he approached the

    accused and then also the power was not sanctioned

    and files were not cleared and even though he was

    not interested to pay the bribe amount and when the

    accused has demanded the gratification, he has

    recorded the said conversation and ultimately he

    agreed to pay Rs.30,000/- to the accused on his

    demand.

    29. In Ex.P-3 itself the complainant has clearly

    stated that he has transferred the conversation
    25
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    recorded in his mobile to C.D. and along with Ex.P-3

    he has furnished the same to the police. It is

    relevant to note that said complainant

    Sri.Dinesh.K.M. is examined as PW.1 who in his

    examination-in-chief at para-4 has stated that on

    03-02-2015 when he met the accused and enquired

    regarding sanctioning of power, then the accused

    wrote Rs.40,000/- on a paper and if the said

    amount is paid he will sanction the power and again

    on the next day morning he met the accused and

    requested for concession, then the accused

    demanded him to pay Rs.30,000/- at once. All these

    conversation was recorded by him in his mobile

    phone. Admittedly the said portion of examination-

    in-chief of CW.1 is contrary to the contents of Ex.P-3

    wherein the complainant has not stated that on the

    next day of 03.02.2015, he went to the office of the

    accused and on that day he has recorded the said

    conversation. As per Ex.P-3 the said conversation

    was recorded by the complainant on 03-02-2015,

    whereas as per examination-in-chief of PW.1 the

    complainant has recorded the said conversation on
    26
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    04-02-2015. Therefore it is the prosecution which

    has to explain on which date exactly the

    complainant has recorded said conversation in

    mobile. Admittedly in this regard no satisfactory

    explanation is offered by the prosecution.

    30. It is an admitted fact that along with Ex.P-3

    itself the complainant said to have furnished M.O.1

    C.D. to the police and Ex.P-11 is the transcription of

    the conversation/contents of M.O.1 C.D. The said

    Ex.P-11 reads as follows.

    ಫಿರ್ಯಾದಿ ಸರಿ ಸಾರ್ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಒಟ್ಗೆ ೕ ಕೊಡ್ಬೆ ೕಕ ಸಾರ್ ಅಮೌಂಟ್‍
    ಅದು,
    ಆಪಾದಿತ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಕ್ಲ ೋಸ್‍ಮಾಡಕ್‍ಸರಿ ಹೋಗ್ತ ದೆ ,
    ನಮ್ಗಾ ದ್ರೂ ಯೂಸ್‍ ಅಗ್ತ ದೆ , ಏನಪ್ಪಾ ಅಗ್ತ ದೆ ಅಂದ್ರೆ ,
    ದಿನೇಶ್‍ಕೊಟ್ಟಿ ದ್ದು ಅಂತ ಹೇಳ್ಕ ಬೋದು ,
    ಫಿರ್ಯಾದಿ ಅದೇನ್‍ಆಗ್ತ ದೆ ಅಂದ್ರೆ , ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಒಬ್ಬೊ ಬ್ರೆ ಬರ್ತಾರೆ
    ಆಪಾದಿತ ಏನಿಕ್‍ಅಪ್ಲೆ ೃ ಮಾಡ್ತಿ ರೋದು ಅವ್ರು
    ಫಿರ್ಯಾದಿ 10, 10 ಹೆಚ್‍ಪಿ ಎಲ್ಲಾ 10 10 ಹೆಚ್‍ಪಿ ಅಷ್ಟೆ ಅದು .
    ಆಪಾದಿತ ನಿಮ್ಮ ನ್‍ ಬಿಟ್‍ ಎಲ್ಲ ೋಗ್ತಾ ರೆ ಅವ್ರೂ , ಲೋಕಲ್‍ ಅವ್ರು
    ನಿಮ್ಮ ನ್‍ಬಿಟ್‍ಎಲ್ಲೂ ಹೋಗಲ್ಲ .

    ಫಿರ್ಯಾದಿ ಒಂದು ದಾರಿ ಮಾಡ್ಕ ೋಡೋದು ಅಷ್ಟೆ ಸಾರ್‍
    ಇಂತಾವೆಲ್ಲಾ , ಒಂದ್‍ ದಾರಿ ಮಾಡ್ಕೊ ಡೋದು ಅಮೇಲೆ
    ಅವ್ರ ೇ
    ಫಿರ್ಯಾದಿ ಸರಿ ಸಾರ್ ನಾನ್‍ಬರ್ಲಾ ಸಾರ್
    ಆಪಾದಿತ ಒಟ್ಗೆ ಮಾಡ್ಸ ಕಳ್ಳಿ
    ಫಿರ್ಯಾದಿ ಒಟ್ನ ಲ್ಲಿ ಸಿಂಗಲ್‍ ಸಿಂಗಲ್‍ ತಂಗಡ್ರೆ ನನ್ಗೂ ಅನ್ಕೂ ಲ
    ಆಗೋದು.

    ಆಪಾದಿತ ನಿಮ್ಮ ನ್‍ ಬಿಟ್‍ ಎಲ್ಲ ೋಗ್ತಾ ರೆ ಅವ್ರೂ , ಬಿಟ್‍ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ದೂ್ರ
    ಹೋಗ್ತಾ ರ ,
    27
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    ಫಿರ್ಯಾದಿ ಟೋಟಲ್‍30 ಅಷ್ಟೆ . ಇನ್ನೂ ಜಾಸ್ತಿ ಕೇಳ್ಬೆ ೕಡಿ
    ಆಪಾದಿತ ಎಲ್ಲಾ 10 10 ಹೆಚ್‍ಪಿನೆ , ಹಾಕ್ಕ ೋಬೇಕು
    ಫಿರ್ಯಾದಿ ಅಷ್ಟೆ ಸಾರ್ 10 10 ಹೆಚ್‍ಪಿನೆ , ಅವ್ರು ಲೈಟಿಂಗ್‍
    ಅದೂ ್ರ ತಗೊಳ್ಳಿ ಎಷ್ಟಾ ದೂ್ರ ತಗೊಳ್ಳಿ ಲಮ್ಸ ಮ್‍ 30
    ಸಾವಿರ ಕೊಡ್ತ ೀನಿ .

    ಆಪಾದಿತ ಲೈಟಿಂಗ್‍ಅಂದ್ಬಿ ಟ್ಟು 60 ಹೆಚ್‍ಪಿ ತಗೊಂಬಿಟ್ಟಿ ೕರ
    ಫಿರ್ಯಾದಿ ಇಲ್ಲಾ ಸಾರ್‍ ಚಿಕ್ಕ ವು ಕಟ್ಟಿ ರದು ಸಾರ್ , ಹಾಗಂದ್ರೆ ಜಾಸ್ತಿ
    ಕೊಡುಸ್ತಿ ೕನಿ ಬಿಡಿ ಸಾರ್ ,
    ಆಪಾದಿತ 10 10 ಹೆಚ್‍ಪಿಗೆ ಕೊಟ್ಬಿ ಡಿ ………

    31. Relying upon the aforesaid conversation said to

    have been recorded by the complainant in M.O.1

    C.D., the learned Public Prosecutor has submitted

    that the said conversation as evident from Ex.P-11

    clearly reveals that the accused made a demand not

    directly, but the circumstances indicates that he has

    demanded for gratification. However learned counsel

    for accused submitted that as admitted by PW.1-

    Sri.Dinesh in his cross examination and as admitted

    by PW.10 I.O. Sri.T.V.Raju, nowhere in Ex.P11

    accused has demanded for gratification of any kind

    of amount from the complainant. It is relevant to

    note that in his cross-examination at para No.58

    P.W.10 I.O. has admitted that ” ಸದರಿ ಧ್ವ ನಿ ಮುದ್ರ ಣದ
    28
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    ವಿವರದಲ್ಲಿ ಎಲ್ಲಿ ಯೂ ಆರೋಪಿಯು ಚಾಸಾ 1 ರವರಿಗೆ

    ರೂ.30 ಸಾವಿರ ಲಂಚದ ಹಣ ಅಥವಾ ರೂ. 30 ಸಾವಿರ ಹಣ

    ಕೊಡು ಎಂಬ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಎಲ್ಲಿ ಯೂ ಬೇಡಿಕೆ ಇಟ್ಟ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ನಮೂದು

    ಇಲ್ಲ ಎಂದರೆ ಸರಿ “. Further PW.1 Dinesh in his cross-

    examination at para No.18 has admitted that

    “ಧ್ವ ನಿಮುದ್ರ ಣದ ವಿವರವನ್ನು ಕೇಳಿದ್ದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಯಾಗಲೀ

    ಅಥವಾ ಅನಂತರ ರೂ.30 ಸಾವಿರ ಕೊಡುವ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹೇಳಿದ್ದ

    ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಎಲ್ಲಿ ಯೂ ನಮೂದು ಇಲ್ಲ ಎಂದರೆ ಸರಿ “.

    32. The above said evidence of PW.1 and PW.10 the

    I.O. and careful reading of Ex.P11 reveals that the

    prosecution has failed to prove that the accused has

    made demand with the complainant to pay either

    Rs.40,000/- or Rs.30,000/- as alleged in Ex.P-3 FIS.

    As mentioned above, it is the burden upon the

    prosecution to prove that the said allegation of

    demand made against the accused beyond

    reasonable doubt.

    33. During the course of argument the learned

    counsel for accused has submitted that the IO has

    not seized any chit or slip said to have been written

    by the accused demanding Rs.40,000/- from the
    29
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    complainant on 03-02-2015, and no investigation is

    made in that regard. According to the prosecution

    at the first instance and on that day the accused

    demanded for Rs.40,000/-. However according to

    Ex.P-3 on 03-02-2015 once again the complainant

    met the accused and on that day and he agreed to

    pay the amount as demanded by the accused and

    said conversation was recorded by him in his

    mobile. As pointed out above in his examination-in-

    chief PW.1 has stated that on 03-02-2015 the

    accused demanded Rs.40,000/- which appears to be

    missing in Ex.P-3 and according to PW.1 on

    04-02-2015 he met the accused and requested for

    concession, then the accused demanded

    Rs.30,000/- at once. The above said inconsistency

    and discrepancies regarding the alleged date of

    demand made by the accused as alleged in Ex.P-3

    FIS and as deposed by PW.1 in his evidence is not

    satisfactorily explained by the prosecution.

    34. Apart from this it is relevant to note that the IO

    has not made any attempt to ascertain in which
    30
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    device the complainant has recorded the alleged

    conversation and the IO has clearly admitted in his

    cross-examination at para No.57 that during the

    investigation he has not made any attempts to seize

    the original device in which the complainant has

    recorded the said conversation. Further it is also

    surprising to note that in his cross-examination

    PW.10 the I.O. has admitted that M.O.1 C.D. and

    M.O.11 and M.O.13 C.D. are of the same company

    and their manufacturing serial number is one and

    the same. However the I.O. volunteers that their

    serial numbers are different. It is relevant to note

    that M.O.1 C.D., according to the prosecution

    handed over to the police by P.W.1 and whereas

    M.O.11 and 13 are the C.Ds collected from the

    office of Karnataka Lokayuktha Police. Hence the

    learned counsel for the accused submitted that a

    doubt arises regarding genuineness of M.O.1 C.D.

    and admittedly the said clouds of doubt existing in

    this regard is not clearly and satisfactorily explained

    by the prosecution and a doubt arises in this regard

    also.

    31

    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    35. During the course of arguments the learned

    counsel for accused has further submitted that even

    the evidence of experts and Ex.P-25 report reveals

    that the voice sample of the complainant was not

    sent to FSL and only the alleged voice of the accused

    was sent and the evidence of prosecution witnesses

    clearly reveals that none of the witnesses have

    identified the voice of the complainant and hence

    even the FSL report is not proved. However the

    learned Public Prosecutor has submitted that the

    dispute is only with regard to the alleged voice of the

    accused and therefore the voice sample of the

    complainant was not sent for scientific analysis.

    However the court opines that the said contention

    of the prosecution is not tenable. It is relevant to

    note that prosecution witnesses particularly P.W.11

    Sri.Chandrashekar M.V. in his evidence has deposed

    that the IO made him to hear the voice of one person

    which he found similar to the voice of the accused

    and in his cross-examination he has clearly stated

    that the Audio which he heard contain voices of two

    persons and he is not in a position to identify
    32
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    another voice and apart from this it is relevant to

    note that PW.7 C. Srividya in her cross-examination

    has deposed that a person can alter or tamper the

    conversation recorded in device while transfering it

    to C.D. and there is possibility to tamper the same.

    It is true that she volunteers that in case any such

    tampering was done, during the process of

    scientific examination it will be detected.

    36. It is relevant to note that I.O. in his cross-

    examination has clearly admitted that he has not

    obtained and recorded voice sample of C.W.1 and

    sent it for scientific examination. It is relevant to

    note that even the complainant himself has given

    Ex.P-8 certificate under Section 65 (B) and during

    his evidence at para No.13 itself, he has deposed

    that he do not know the contents of the same and at

    the request of the police he has given said

    requisition as per Ex.P-8. PW.1 has only identified

    his signature in Ex.P-8 and not deposed regarding

    issuance of Section 65 (B) Certificate.

    Admittedly, even Ex.P-8 Certificate not in
    33
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    accordance with law and it does not meet the

    requirement of Section 65-B of Indian Evidence Act.

    37. Hence the evidence on record clearly reveals

    that mobile of the complainant was no secured and

    voice sample of the complainant also not taken and

    not sent for scientific examination for comparison

    with the voice recorded in M.O.1 C.D. When a

    serious allegation of this nature is made, I.O. ought

    to have collected and sent the voice sample of the

    complainant for comparison with the voice as

    recorded in M.O.1 C.D. which admittedly got

    transferred by the complainant himself. If at all the

    said conversation recorded in the mobile of the

    complainant is seized by the I.O. or if at all

    conversation in the said device was transferred to

    C.D. by the police then the situation would have

    been different. However all the materials on record

    reveals that the I.O. has not taken effective steps to

    determine and ascertain the genuineness of the

    conversation said to have been recorded in M.O.1

    C.D.
    34
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    38. Aforesaid over all analysis of oral and

    documentary evidence on record clearly reveals that

    the prosecution has failed to establish its prima-

    facie allegation that the accused has demanded for

    gratification as alleged.

    With regard to acceptance:

    39. So for as this aspect is concerned, the burden is

    upon the prosecution to prove that apart from

    demanding gratification, the accused has accepted

    the gratification from the complainant or aggrieved

    person. In this case it is evident from the materials

    on record that before conducting trap mahazar on

    07-02-2015, the I.O. has conducted pre-trap

    mahazar as per Ex.P-4. In respect of said pre-trap

    panchanama the complainant and PW.2 Sri.Kiran

    Kumar and P.W.5 Sri.Yogesh and PW-10 Sri.T.V.Raju

    I.O. deposed before the court. According to PW.1 as

    per Ex.P-4 pretrap panchanama was conducted and

    he put his signature to it as per Ex.P-4 (c) and in

    his presence and in the presence of panch

    witnesses, the Police have prepared a list and noted

    serial number of the currency notes of Rs.1,000/-
    35

    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    denomination, an amount of Rs.30,000/- which he

    carried to give it to the accused and also police have

    put penapthaline powder on each currency notes

    and also they have put the penapthaline powder to

    the solution which turned to pink colour and they

    have taken photographs and videos and recorded all

    the process of preparation of pre-trap panchanama.

    40. PW.2 Sri.Kiran Kumar also deposed that in

    his presence Ex.P-4 pre-trap panchanama was

    conducted. He has also deposed that all the process

    of pre-trap panchanama was video-graphed, and

    CW.3 was asked to wash his hand in a chemical

    solution which turned to pink colour and also I.O.

    collected the sample of the said solution. Further

    P.W.5 Sri.Yogeesh, in his examination-in-chief also

    deposed that in his presence during Ex.P-4 pre-trap

    panchanama police have prepared a list of

    denomination and serial number of 30 notes of

    Rs.1000/- denomination and applied penapthaline

    powder to it and asked him and CW.3 to wash their

    hand in the solution which turned to pink colour. He
    36
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    has also deposed that he put signature to Ex.P-4

    spot panchanama as per Ex.P-4(c). In the cross-

    examination of PW.1, PW-2 and PW-5 the Ex.P-4

    pre-trap panchanama is concerned nothing

    contrary to the case of the prosecution is elicited

    and the accused has not seriously disputed the

    Ex.P-4 pre-trap panchama. The accused in this

    case has denied the allegation of the prosecution

    that he has accepted the said gratification of

    Rs.30,000/-from the complainant.

    41. Now the burden is upon the prosecution to

    prove that on the said date the accused has

    accepted the said amount of Rs.30,000/- as

    gratification as per his motive. To substantiate this

    aspect the prosecution has to prove due execution of

    Ex.P-5 trap panchanama and in this regard the

    prosecution much relies upon the evidence of PW.1

    the complainant, the evidence of PW.2 Sri.K.Kiran

    Kumar, shadow witness, evidence of PW.5

    Sri.Yogeesh, evidence of PW.6 Sri.Basavaraj

    Govinagidada and evidence of PW.10 Sri.T.V. Raju
    37
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    along with evidence of experts regarding

    conversation recorded in the voice recorder which

    was sent along with the complainant at the time of

    trap is very much relevant.

    42. Relying upon the evidence on record, the

    learned Public Prosecutor has submitted that the

    said oral and documentary evidence on record and

    existing circumstantial evidence clearly reveals that

    it is the accused who has not only demanded, the

    gratification from the complainant, he has accepted

    the same even though he has not directly touched

    the amount in his hand and considering the

    circumstantial evidence on record, the fact of

    acceptance of gratification by the accused can be

    assumed. However the learned counsel for the

    accused submitted that it is settled law that mere

    recovery of tainted amount from the possession of

    the accused is not sufficient. Further mere fact that

    the left hand of the accused turned to pink colour

    when his left hand was immersed in the chemical

    solution itself is not sufficient to prove guilt of the
    38
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    accused because in a case of this nature the

    prosecution has to prove the twin aspect of demand,

    acceptance and also the prosecution has to establish

    that the work of the complainant was pending with

    the accused and all these facts have to be proved

    beyond reasonable doubt. The learned counsel for

    the accused has highlighted the various portions of

    evidence of prosecution witnesses in support of his

    said contention.

    43. In order to ascertain and determine the said

    respective contentions of the prosecution and the

    defence it is just and necessary to scrutinize,

    analyse the version of the prosecution witnesses

    coupled with evidence on record carefully.

    44. Admittedly, the trap in this case is conducted

    on 07-02-2015. There is no dispute that on

    07-02-2015 when the trap was conducted, the

    accused was present at his office. The said fact is

    evident from Ex.P-33 the copy of the attendance

    register extract. Even the accused has not denied his

    presence in the office on 07-02-2015. However, it is
    39
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    the defence of the accused that when the IO and

    other witnesses conducted trap panchanama in his

    chamber he was not present and only after IO

    summoned him he came. Said defence of the

    accused will be discussed at a later stage with

    reference to the evidence on record.

    45. So for as the fact of acceptance is concerned, it

    is the specific case of the prosecution that on 07-02-

    2015 the complainant Sri.K.M.Dinesh was sent to

    the chamber of accused along with Penaphatline

    applied currency notes and a voice recorder and

    PW.2 Sri.Kiran Kumar was sent as a shadow

    witness. It is also the case of the prosecution and

    version of PW.10 I.O. that PW.1 was instructed

    initially to discuss with the accused regarding

    pending file and if the accused demands for

    gratification, then only he has to pay the amount

    and PW.2 Kiran Kumar was instructed to

    accompany the complainant and to observe the

    conversation between the complainant and accused.

    It is the case of the prosecution that on the said day
    40
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    the accused has received an amount of Rs.30,000/-

    from the complainant and the complainant came out

    side and gave signal and immediately I.O. and other

    members of the trap team entered into the chamber

    of accused and Ex.P-5 trap panchanama was

    conducted and all the process was video-graphed. It

    is also the case of the prosecution that in the

    process when the left hand of the accused was

    immersed in the chemical solution, it turned to pink

    colour and said fact is substantiated by PW.6 who is

    the expert and Ex.P-24 also corroborates this

    aspect.

    46. So for as the contentions of the prosecution

    regarding the acceptance of gratification amount by

    the accused is concerned, the version of PW.1 varies

    in his examination-in-chief and in his cross-

    examination. Though PW.2 is stated to have

    accompanied PW.1 and though according to the

    prosecution he has witnessed the incident took place

    inside the chamber of the accused, the said aspect

    is not supported by PW.2 Sri.Kiran Kumar in his
    41
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    evidence. PW.2 Kiran Kumar, in his examination-

    in-chief itself has clearly stated that on 07-02-2015

    he accompanied PW.1 Dinesh to the chamber of the

    accused and he was asked to stand nearby the main

    door and therefore he has not entered into the office

    of the accused. Since PW.2 is partly treated as

    hostile witness he was subjected to cross-

    examination by learned Public Prosecutor and in his

    said cross-examination made by the learned Public

    Prosecutor PW.2 has denied the suggestion that on

    the said day along with the complainant he went

    inside the chamber of the accused and witnessed the

    incident. He has further denied that on the said day

    he entered the chamber of the accused. Therefore

    the said evidence of PW.2 is inconsistent with the

    case of the prosecution and prosecution cannot relay

    upon said version of PW.2 in respect of aspect of

    acceptance of gratification amount by the accused

    from the complainant as alleged.

    47. Hence when the version of PW.2 in this regard is

    excluded the only evidence regarding the aspect of
    42
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    acceptance remain is the evidence of PW.1 the

    complainant. It is relevant to note that PW.1 in his

    examination-in-chief at para No.9 has stated that on

    07-02-2015 at about 2 p.m. when he visited the

    office of the accused, except the accused no one was

    present in the chamber of accused and CW.2

    accompanied him. He further stated that ನಾನು

    ಆರೋಪಿತರನ್ನು ಈ ಫೈಲ್‍ನ್ನು ಅಪ್ರೂ ವ್‍ ‍ ಮಾಡಿಕೊಡಿ

    ಎಂದು ಕೇಳಿದಾಗ ಕಳುಹಿಸಿಕೊಡುತ್ತ ೇನೆ ಎಂದು ಹೇಳಿ, ಏನೋ

    ನೋಡಿಕೋ ಎನ್ನು ವ ರೀತಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಸಂಜ್ಞೆ ಮಾಡಿದರು. ಆಗ

    ನಾನು ನನ್ನ ಬಳಿ ತೆಗೆದುಕೊಂಡು ಹೋಗಿದ್ದ ರೂ. 30 ಸಾವಿರ

    ಹಣವನ್ನು ಆರೋಪಿತರ ಡ್ರಾ ಯರ್‍ ನಲ್ಲಿ ನಾನೇ ಇಟ್ಟೆ ನಾನು

    ಸದರಿ ಹಣವನ್ನು ಇಟ್ಟಾ ಗ ಆರೋಪಿತರು ಅಲ್ಲೆ ೕ ಕುಳಿತಿದ್ದ ರು.

    48. Having deposed so in his examination-in-chief ,

    when PW.1 treated as partly hostile witness and

    subjected to cross-examination by learned Public

    Prosecutor, in his said cross-examination made by

    learned Public Prosecutor, particularly at para No.16

    PW.1 has denied the suggestion that ” ಅದೇ ರೀತಿ

    ನಾನು ಪೋಲಿಸರ ಮುಂದೆ ರೂ.30 ಸಾವಿರ ಹಣವನ್ನು

    ಆರೋಪಿತರ ಕೈಗೆ ಕೊಡಲು ಹೋದಾಗ ಅವರು ಅದನ್ನು
    43
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    ಕೈಯಲ್ಲಿ ಪಡೆಯದೇ ಟೇಬಲ್‍ನ ಎಡಭಾಗದ ಡ್ರಾ ಯರ್‍ ನಲ್ಲಿ

    ಇಡುವಂತೆ ಡ್ರಾ ಯರ್‍ ಅನ್ನು ಎಳೆದಿರುತ್ತಾ ರೆ ಎಂದು

    ಹೇಳಿರುತ್ತೆ ೕನೆ ಅಂದರೆ ಸರಿ ಅಲ್ಲ .

    49. Further the same PW.1 in his cross-examination

    made by learned counsel for accused at para No.20

    has deposed that “ಆರೋಪಿತರು ಫೈಲ್‍ ಇಡಿ ಎಂದು

    ಹೆೇಳಿದಾಗ ನಾನು ಫೈಲ್‍ನ್ನು ಇಟ್ಟು ಜೊತೆಗೆ ಅಲ್ಲೆ ತೆರೆದಿದ್ದ

    ಡ್ರಾ ಯರ್‍ ನಲ್ಲಿ ಹಣವನ್ನು ಇಟ್ಟಿ ದ್ದೆ . ನಾನು ಮುಖ್ಯ

    ವಿಚಾರಣೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಹೇಳಿದಂತೆ ಆರೋಪಿತರು ಸಂಜ್ಞೆ

    ಮಾಡಿದ್ದ ರು ಎಂದು ಹೇಳಿದ್ದು ಫೈಲನ್ನು ಇಡಲೋ ಅಥವಾ

    ಹಣವನ್ನು ಇಡಲೋ ಎಂದು ಹೇಳಿದಾಗ ಸಾಕ್ಷಿ ಯು ಆ ಬಗ್ಗೆ

    ನನಗೆ ಏನು ಸ್ವ ಷ್ಟ ವಾಗಿ ಗೊತ್ತಾ ಗಿರಲಿಲ್ಲ ಎನ್ನು ತ್ತಾ ರೆ “.

    Even the prosecution has failed to prove that

    Ex.P.13 and M.O.11 C.D. consist, the conversation

    which undoubtedly reveals the accused has

    accepted the gratification amount on 07-02-2015.

    Apart from this even the above said oral evidence of

    the complainant clearly reveals that the prosecution

    has miserably failed to prove that on the said day

    the accused has accepted the gratification amount

    from the complainant as alleged. As above
    44
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    mentioned, mere recovery of tainted amount from

    the drawer of the office table of the accused is not

    sufficient, the prosecution must establish that the

    accused has voluntarily accepted the money

    knowing it to be bribe.

    50. Now so for as the case of the prosecution

    regarding collecting of the chemical solution in

    which when the left hand of the accused was

    immersed turned to pink colour is concerned, said

    contention of the prosecution is also not sufficient to

    hold that the accused has received the tainted

    amount. It is relevant to note that it is not the case

    of the prosecution that the accused received the said

    tainted amount from the complainant by his hand. It

    is not necessary that in all circumstance the

    prosecution has to prove that the accused has

    received the bribe amount by his hand only.

    However, the prosecution has to prove that accused

    has voluntarily accepted the amount either by his

    hand or by any other means. It is true that the

    evidence of PW.6-Dr.Basavaraj Govingidada and
    45
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    Ex.P-24 chemical examination report reveals that

    the said chemical solution turned to pink colour

    when the left hand of the accused immersed in the

    said solution. Even the accused has not much

    disputed the said aspect. However in this regard the

    evidence of prime witness i.e. PW.1 K.M.Dinesh,

    P.W.2 Kiran Kumar and P.W.5 Yogesh.B. differs with

    the case of the prosecution. PW.1 K.M.Dinesh in his

    examination-in-chief at para No.11 deposed that he

    has not seen when the hands of the accused were

    immersed in the chemical solution. In his cross-

    examination made by learned Public Prosecutor

    P.W.1 at para No.16 when suggestion is put to him

    that he has witnessed that when the hands of the

    accused was immersed in the sodium carbonate

    solution it turned to pink colour, he pleaded

    ignorance in this regard and stated that he has not

    seen it. Therefore, the evidence of PW.1 is not helpful

    to the prosecution to prove this aspect.

    51. So for as the evidence of PW.2 Kiran Kumar is

    concerned, in this regard his evidence is also not
    46
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    helpful to the prosecution because he has deposed

    in his examination-in-chief at para No.8 that when

    the IO immersed both hands of the accused in the

    chemical solution, then there was no change in

    colour of the chemical solution. In his cross-

    examination made by learned Public prosecutor

    PW.2 has denied the suggestion that in his presence

    when the left hand of the accused was washed in the

    said chemical solution it turned to pink colour. The

    evidence of PW.5- Yogeesh.B. also not helpful to the

    case of the prosecution in this regard because he in

    his examination in chief at para No.6 has stated that

    when the accused came out from the toilet police

    made him to wash his both hands in chemical

    solution and same was not turned into pink colour.

    PW.5 in his cross-examination made by learned

    Public Prosecutor has also denied the suggestion

    that he witnessed that when the left hand of the

    accused immersed into chemical solution it turned

    to pink colour. Even he has denied that in this

    regard as per Ex.P-21 he has given statement before

    the police. Therefore, the evidence of these witnesses
    47
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    is not helpful to the prosecution even to establish

    that on the said day the hands of the accused when

    immersed in the chemical solution turned to pink

    colour.

    52. As rightly pointed out by learned Public

    Prosecutor the Ex.P-24 report and evidence of PW.6

    reveals that the said solution which was turned to

    pink colour, consisted contents of phenolphthalein.

    It is relevant to note that even the accused has not

    much disputed Ex.P-24 report and also the accused

    has not disputed the fact of change in colour of

    chemical solution into pink when his left hand was

    immersed in the said solution. However as rightly

    submitted by learned counsel for accused it is the

    burden upon the prosecution to prove the aspect of

    acceptance of gratification by accused by adducing

    evidence beyond reasonable doubt and mere reason

    that the solution turned to pink colour is not

    sufficient to presume the theory of acceptance.

    Even the evidence of PW.10, I.O. in this regard is

    also not helpful to the prosecution since in a case of

    this nature the heavy burden is upon the
    48
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    prosecution to prove the demand, acceptance and

    also the fact that the accused has received the

    gratification amount knowing it to be bribe and the

    work of complainant was pending with him at that

    point of time and unless all these ingredients were

    proved presumption under Section 20 of the Act

    cannot be drawn.

    53. The evidence of the prosecution witnesses

    regarding the presence of the accused at the time of

    conducting Ex.P-5 trap panchanama is also

    inconsistent. PW.1 the complainant in his

    examination-in-chief deposed that on 07-02-2015 he

    met the accused at his chamber and in his cross-

    examination made by learned counsel for accused

    he has deposed that on the said day he was asked

    to keep the file on the table and the accused was

    about to leave the place and whereas PW.2 Kiran

    Kumar has deposed that when the I.O. and other

    witnesses came inside the chamber of the accused,

    the accused was not in his chamber, he was in the

    toilet and as per the instructions of the I.O. he
    49
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    knocked the doors of the toilet and called the

    accused. Even PW.5 Sri.Yogeesh in his examination-

    in-chief itself has stated that he along with I.O. and

    complainant and PW.2, when entered the office of

    the accused, accused was not in his chamber and he

    was found in the toilet. However the I.O. who is

    examined as PW.10 in his examination-in-chief

    deposed that when he went inside the chamber he

    saw the accused in his chamber itself. Hence the

    presence of the accused at the time of conducting

    Ex.P-5 trap panchanama as deposed by prosecution

    witnesses varies and doubt arises about the case of

    the prosecution in this regard also.

    54. Apart from this in respect of the above said

    theory of acceptance is concerned, as mentioned

    above the complainant was sent to the office of the

    accused on 07-02-2015 along with voice recorder

    and it is the case of the prosecution that the

    complainant has recorded the conversation between

    him and accused in the said device and later handed

    over it to the I.O. and I.O. had transferred said
    50
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    conversation recorded in the said device to a C.D.

    Admittedly, in respect of the said device no

    documents were produced before the court by the

    I.O, which reveals about the details like company,

    model, and other particulars of the said

    device/recorder. Apart from this, the said aspect is

    clearly admitted by PW.10 I.O. in his cross-

    examination. It is also the case of the prosecution

    that in respect of transfering of the contents of said

    recorder to the C.D. is concerned, I.O. has

    produced M.O.11 C.D. and I.O. has also furnished

    section 65-B certificate as per Ex.P.36. It is also case

    of the prosecution that the I.O. has summoned the

    accused and other witnesses on 31-03-2015 and

    collected the sample voice of the accused and in the

    presence of panch witnesses video-graphed the

    entire process and with the help of computer

    transferred it to a C.D. which is marked as M.O.14.

    55. As discussed above in this case the prosecution

    is much relying upon Ex.P-25 the report of the

    expert which states that on comparison of the
    51
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    respective voice sent to it for examination it was

    found that respective speeches said to have been

    that of accused in the present case. As discussed

    above, sample voice of the complainant was not sent

    to FSL, for comparison by I.O. Now even in respect

    of the above said MO.11 is concerned, the I.O. said

    to have been issued Ex.P-36 certificate under

    Section 65(B) of Indian Evidence Act. However it is

    very surprised to note that Ex.P-36 is dated 07-02-

    2015, whereas at page No.2 its contents reveals that

    the I.O. has obtained the sample voice of accused in

    the presence of witnesses on 31-03-2015 and in

    respect of the said fact of collecting sample voice of

    the accused he has issued this Ex.P-36 certificate.

    As rightly pointed out by learned counsel of accused,

    when the alleged sample voice of the accused is

    collected by the I.O. on 31-03-2015 how a certificate

    in this regard can be issued much prior to

    31-03-2015 i.e., on 07-02-2015.? Even in his cross-

    examination PW.10 has admitted this aspect. It is

    surprised to note that even when a question is put

    to P.W.10 I.O. in this regard I.O. has not made any
    52
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    attempt to give his explanation or clarification

    regarding the dates mentioned in the said certificate.

    However, it is argued by learned Public Prosecutor

    that there appears some clerical and typographical

    error in Ex.P36. However no materials were

    furnished to substantiate it. Even, said Ex.P-36

    certificate is not in compliance with Section 65-B of

    Indian Evidence Act. These facts also create a doubt

    about the manner in which the investigation done in

    the case.

    56. Further a doubt also arises about the case of

    the prosecution regarding use of M.O.15 seal

    consisting ‘V’ alphabet. It is the case of the

    prosecution that said seal M.O.15 was given to the

    custody of PW.5 Sri.Yogeesh who brought it on

    07-02-2015 and subsequently. In this regard the

    prosecution relies upon Ex.P-18 acknowledgment

    said to have been given by said PW.5 Sri.Yogeesh

    that he has received back said M.O.15 seal which

    was used during conducting Ex.P5 trap

    panchanama on 07-02-2015. Further the
    53
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    prosecution also relies upon Ex.P-20

    acknowledgment said to have been issued by PW.5

    on 31.03.2015, when PW.5 from his custody

    produced M.O.15 seal for the purpose of seizure of

    articles on the said day.

    57. Even P.W.10 T.V.Raju, I.O. in his evidence has

    stated that M.O.15 seal was in the custody of P.W.5

    Sri.Yogeesh.B. However, said PW.5 Sri.Yogeesh.B. in

    his evidence before the court deposed that MO.15

    was collected by the Police on the day of trap itself

    and though he has admitted his signature in Ex.P-

    18 and Ex.P.20 denied its contents. Even in his

    cross-examination made by learned Public

    Prosecutor he has denied that M.O.15 seal was with

    him and he has further denied that he is falsely

    deposing that said seal was handed over to him by

    the police on the date of his examination-in-chief

    before the Court. Further in his cross-examination

    made by learned counsel for accused PW.5 has

    deposed that MO.15 seal was taken back by the

    police on 07-02-2015 and thereafter again they have
    54
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    gave it to him on 25-02-2026, the day of his

    examination before this Court. The said version of

    P.W.5 on record falsifies the case of the prosecution

    that M.O.15 seal was in the custody of PW.5. The

    said evidence regarding MO.15 seal on record

    creates doubt about the manner in which the

    investigating agency used the said seal.

    58. The aforesaid over all evidence on record clearly

    reveals that the prosecution has failed to prove

    beyond reasonable doubt that, the accused has

    accepted the gratification amount, as alleged.

    With regard to pendency of the work of the
    complainant with the accused:

    59. With reference to the above said aspect of

    pendency of the work of the complainant with the

    accused is concerned, the learned Public Prosecutor

    has submitted that the conversation as recorded in

    M.O.1 C.D. which is reduced into writing as per

    Ex.P-11 and the circumstantial evidence on record

    including the endorsement on the left side of Ex.P-6

    clearly reveals that the accused had the knowledge
    55
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    about the pendency of the applications filed by the

    complainant on behalf of C.W.3 and 4. The learned

    Public Prosecutor has further submitted that since

    the accused was the head of the said Section office

    he had the knowledge about the pendency of the

    applications and therefore the accused has

    demanded the gratification and accepted the same.

    60. On the other hand it is the submission of

    learned counsel for accused that the I.O. has not

    investigated about the pendency of the work of the

    complainant with the accused and in this regard

    even no attempts were made by the I.O. Further it is

    also pointed out by learned counsel for accused that

    as per the evidence of I.O. and the complainant, the

    copies of Ex.P-6 and P-7 files were obtained by the

    I.O. from the possession of the complainant and not

    from the chamber of the accused, which further

    clarifies that the said file pertaining Ex.P-6 and P-7

    not reached the table of the accused and therefore

    there is no pending work of the complainant with

    the accused as on 07-02-2015 and hence the
    56
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    question of making demand for gratification by the

    accused does not arise at all.

    61. In order to adjudicate the aforesaid respective

    contentions of the prosecution and the defence, the

    court has to consider the evidence of PW.1 the

    complainant, PW.10 the Investigating Officer, PW.8

    Sri.Ramakrishna, PW.9 Ramegowda and Ex.P-11

    and Ex.P-6 and 7 and Ex.P-28 and Ex.P-31 on

    record. So for as the aspect of IO, obtaining the

    xerox copies of the said Ex.P-6 and Ex.P-7 file is

    concerned, PW.1 Sri.Dinesh K.M. in his cross-

    examination made by learned counsel for accused at

    para No.20 has stated that on 07-02-2015 when he

    met the accused he has carried the file with him.

    Whereas PW.10 I.O. Sri.Raju T.V. in his cross-

    examination at para-65 has admitted that in his

    Ex.P-5 trap panchanama no where he has

    mentioned that file pertaining to the complainant

    was seized from the possession of the accused. He

    further admits that in the trap panchanama he has

    mentioned that the concerned file was seized from
    57
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    the possession of the complainant. He has also

    admitted that he has not made any enquiry how the

    said file went to the custody of the complainant. He

    has also admitted that he has not made any

    investigation when exactly the file pertaining to the

    complainant was reached to the table of the accused

    or whether it reached to him or not etc. He further

    admitted that no where in the charge sheet he has

    mentioned that the file pertaining to the

    complainant was pending with the accused and the

    accused was in a position to assist the complainant

    and he is in an official position to do the needful. He

    has admitted that in this regard he has not

    furnished any documents along with the charge-

    sheet. Hence the said evidence of PW-1 and PW-10

    when read together, it reveals that I.O. has not

    collected any documents pertaining to Ex.P-6 and

    P-7 from the possession of the accused and rather

    the I.O. collected the same from the possession of

    the complainant which appears to be very surprise.
    58

    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    62. Now the only point remains for consideration is

    whether the work of the complainant was pending

    with the accused or not. In this regard the evidence

    of PW.8- Sri.M.Ramakrishna reveals that as per the

    request of the police he has furnished the service

    particulars of the accused as per Ex.P-29 along with

    Ex.P-28 covering letter. Said PW.8 in his cross-

    examination has clearly admitted that he has no

    information whether the file related to the

    complainant was pending before the accused or not.

    Further PW.9 Sri.H.C.Ramegowda in his

    examination-in-chief deposed that as per Ex.P-31 he

    has furnished the documents to the police wherein

    the work allotment of the accused is clearly

    mentioned.

    63. On careful perusal of Ex.P-31 it reveals that as

    on the date of trap the accused was under the

    responsibility of revenue monitoring, making

    correspondence with the Divisional office

    sanctioning of power to the customer under different

    head and also to look after the supervision of entire
    59
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    Sub-Division. It is relevant to note that PW.9-

    H.C.Ramegowda, in his cross-examination has

    explained the nature of work of accused during that

    period. According to him whenever an application

    seeking 10 H.P. power sanction is filed it will be

    registered directly in Sub-Division register and

    thereafter it will be forwarded to the concerned

    section office. Thereafter, the concerned Section

    Officer will conduct spot inspection and prepare

    estimation and after preparation of estimation the

    application and concerned file will be forwarded to

    the AEE through Section Officer. He has also

    admitted that up to Rs.1,00,000/- estimation AEE

    had the authority to grant power sanction and

    exceeding the said estimation the concerned

    Executive Engineer has the power of approval. The

    said version of PW.9 also reveals that as on

    07-02-215, said file pertaining to the complainant

    appears to have been not placed before the accused.

    Further the said fact is evident from Ex.P-6 and

    P-7 which reveals that several coloums of the said

    application and annexed enclosures were kept
    60
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    blank.

    64. Further PW.11-M.V.Chandrashekar, the

    Assistant Engineer, BESCOM deposed in his cross-

    examination particularly at para No.8 that in the

    year 2015 he worked as A.E., in the aforesaid office

    of Bescom and during that period he found that

    Ex.P-6 and 7 was not pending before the accused for

    the purpose of power sanction since the said files

    were sent for field inspection. He has also admitted

    that till the file reaches the table of AEE. he will not

    have any information or knowledge regarding

    pendency of the application or pendency of file for

    field inspection report or estimation. Even the said

    evidence of PW.11 also reveals that the prosecution

    has failed to substantiate that as on the date of the

    trap file pertaining to the complainant was pending

    before the accused or the accused had the

    knowledge in this regard.

    65. Apart from this Ex.D-1 to D-4 and the oral

    evidence of PW-3 Vinay.S. and PW-4 Sridhar. D.R.

    also reveals that the trade licence pertaining to
    61
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    PW.3 Vinay.S. was issued on 23-12-2015 and

    licence in this regard was obtained on 01-04-2015

    as per Ex.D-2 and as per Ex.D-3 trade licence

    pertaining to PW-4 was obtained on 01-04-2015 and

    as per Ex.D-4 the trade licence was obtained on

    13-01-2016. The said Ex.D-1 to D-4 and oral

    testimony of PW.3 and PW-4 reveals that before

    obtaining the licence from the BBMP and trade

    licence they have applied for 10 H.P. power sanction

    through C.W.1 and the said fact also creates a doubt

    because without the licence from the BBMP

    generally Bescom will not sanction power supply.

    This aspect is also not clearly explained by the

    prosecution.

    66. The aforesaid oral and documentary evidence

    on record clearly reveals that even though there is

    no dispute that CW-3 and CW-4 through CW.1

    applied for 10 H.P. power sanction, prosecution has

    failed to establish by adducing cogent evidence that

    the file of the complainant was pending with the

    accused or the accused had the knowledge about the
    62
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    pendency of the file of the complainant at his office.

    Hence taking into consideration the available oral

    and documentary evidence on record, this Court is

    of the view that the prosecution has miserably failed

    to prove beyond reasonable doubt that on the said

    date the file of the complainant or the work of the

    complainant was pending with the accused as

    alleged.

    67. In view of the aforesaid appreciation of evidence

    on record and relying upon settled principle of law

    regarding the ingredients to be proved when an

    allegation of commission of offence under Section 7

    of Prevention of Corruption Act is made, this court is

    of the view that prosecution has failed to prove the

    vital aspect of demand, acceptance as well as

    pendency of work of the complainant with the

    accused as discussed above. Since the prosecution

    has failed to prove these aspects beyond reasonable

    doubt, there is no ambiguity to hold the view that

    prosecution has failed to prove that the accused

    committed an offence punishable under Section 7 of
    63
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    the Prevention of Corruption Act. In the result the

    Court proceed to answer Point No.2 in the

    NEGATIVE.

    68. POINT No.3: As mentioned above the prosecution

    has also alleged that the accused in this case has

    committed an offence punishable under Section 13

    (1) (d) r/w Section 13 (2) of P.C. Act. It is specific

    allegation made by the prosecution that the act of

    the accused in dishonestly or fraudulently,

    misappropriating or otherwise, gratification amount

    has resulted in misconduct. It is settled law that

    when an allegations of commission of offence under

    section 13 (1)(d) of the Act is alleged to have been

    committed, the prosecution has to prove the

    following ingredients to bring home the guilt of

    public servant, which are as follows;

    (i) the accused must be a public servant.

    (ii) by corrupt or illegal means, obtains for

    himself or for any other person any valuable

    thing or pecuniary advantage or by abusing

    his position as public servant, obtains for
    64
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    himself or for any other person any valuable

    thing or pecuniary advantage or while holding

    office as public servant, obtains for any

    person any valuable thing or pecuniary

    advantage without any public interest.

    (iii) to make out an offence under Section 13

    (1) (d), there is no requirements that the

    valuable thing or pecuniary advantage who

    have been received as a motive or reward.

    (iv) an agreement to accept or an attempt to

    obtain does not fall within section 13 (1) (d).

    (v) mere acceptance of any valuable thing or

    pecuniary advantage is not an offence under

    this provision.

    (vi) therefore, to make out an offence under

    this provision, there has to be actual

    obtainment.

    (vi) Since the Legislature has used two

    different expressions namely “obtain” or

    “accepts” the difference between this must be

    noted.

    69. Now in the light of the aforesaid settled position
    65
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    of law the evidence of the prosecution witnesses

    need to be analyzed to determine whether there is

    misconduct on the part of the accused in this case

    or not and whether the prosecution has proved it

    beyond reasonable doubt or not.

    70. Undisputed facts of this case is that through

    PW-1, PW-3 and PW-4 have submitted the

    application seeking 10 H.P. power sanction and it is

    also an admitted fact that PW.1 by submitting Ex.P-

    3 FIS along with MO.1 C.D. complained to the

    PW.10 that the accused had demanded gratification

    of Rs.40,000/- initially and later demanded

    Rs.30,000/-. Further it is also evident from the

    record that PW.2 and PW.5 are the panch witnesses

    who along with PW.1 said to have observed Ex.P-4

    pre-trap panchanama and PW.10 has described and

    explained them regarding the process of pre-trap

    panchanama and also he applied Phenolphthalein

    powder to currency notes brought by the

    complainant which is to be given to the accused as

    gratification demanded by him. PW-6 and PW-7 are
    66
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    the expert witnesses who deposed about the

    chemical examination and scientific examination of

    the materials sent to them and PW-8 is the

    sanctioning authority. PW.9 and PW-11 deposed

    about the work allotment and nature of work to be

    carried out by the accused at that point of time.

    PW.10 is the IO who in his examination-in-chief

    narrated all the events that took place from the

    moment of submission of Ex.P-3 FIS by the

    complainant till filing of charge sheet.

    71. Said PW.10 in his examination-in-chief also

    deposed that tainted currency notes were kept in the

    right side pocket of the complainant and he has

    handed over him a voice recorder to record the

    conversation between him and accused and PW.1

    was sent along with PW.2 a shadow witness to the

    office of the accused on 07-02-2015.

    72. As discussed above while discussing aforesaid

    Point No.2 this court has discussed at length the

    evidence of the prosecution witnesses regarding

    execution of trap panchanama and credibility of
    67
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    those witnesses.

    72. The evidence of PW.10 on record clearly reveals

    that he has not obtained and collected the voice

    sample of the complainant and not sent it for

    scientific examination for comparison and the said

    fact is fatal to the case of the prosecution because

    the accused in this case is disputing the other voice

    in MO.1 and MO.11 C.D. Further the evidence of

    I.O. clearly reveals that there is no valid certificate

    under Section 65-B of Indian Evidence Act is

    furnished in support of MO.11. Further the evidence

    of complainant clearly reveals that though he has

    identified his signature in Ex.P-8, he is unaware

    about the contents of Ex.P-8 Certificate. These facts

    on record reveals that there is no acceptable

    evidence adduced by the prosecution in respect of

    M.O.1 and MO.11. Further the I.O. clearly admitted

    that he has not conducted any investigation to

    ascertain whether actually the file of the

    complainant was pending with the accused or not.

    73. Further Ex.P-6 and Ex.P-7 also reveals that
    68
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    several coloumns in the said application and its

    enclosures were kept blank. Further the I.O. in his

    cross-examination has unable to explain how Ex.P-

    36 Certificate was issued much prior to the process

    of obtaining the voice sample of the accused. All

    these facts on record clearly reveals that there is

    defect in the investigation and the investigation was

    not conducted as per procedure. The evidence on

    record also reveals that Ex.P-16 which the

    prosecution claims to be the report of PW.11 reveals

    that it is not a report and it appears to be statement

    of PW.11 only. Said Ex.P-16 and evidence on PW.11

    also reveals that PW.11 is not certain regarding the

    voice or the audio which he heard and he has clearly

    stated that he cannot identify the other voice which

    he heard in the instrument on the said date. The

    evidence of the prosecution witnesses clearly reveals

    that even after treating PW.1, PW.3, PW.5 as hostile

    witnesses and even after they were cross-examined

    on behalf of the prosecution, nothing favourable to

    the case of the prosecution, to prove the above said

    ingredients under Section 7 and 13 of Prevention of
    69
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    Corruption Act was elicited through them.

    74. In view of the aforesaid discussions made and

    considering the materials on record this court has

    already came to the conclusion that Prosecution

    failed to prove that, the accused has committed an

    offence punishable under Section 7 of Prevention of

    Corruption Act and therefore ultimately what

    remains is the burden upon the prosecution to show

    that how the tainted currency notes found in the

    table drawer of the accused. The link which the

    prosecution now tried to establish cannot be

    connected because at the first instance the

    prosecution has failed to prove beyond reasonable

    doubt that there is demand and acceptance from the

    accused and also the prosecution has failed to prove

    that there was pending work of the complainant with

    the accused and no such circumstantial evidence is

    placed before the Court which makes the Court to

    accept the said theory of the prosecution in this

    regard.

    75. As stated above the essential ingredients of
    70
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    Section 13 (1) (d) of Prevention of Corruption Act are

    that there must be an element of dishonest or

    fraudulent, misappropriation or otherwise

    converting any property for his own use or if any

    public servant intentionally enriched himself illicitly

    during the period of his office. In the instant case,

    none of the above said requirements or the

    essentials were proved by the prosecution.

    Therefore, taking into consideration the available

    evidence on record there is no ambiguity to hold the

    view that prosecution has miserably failed to prove

    the allegation of misconduct as alleged against the

    accused. Accordingly, the Court proceed to answer

    Point No.3 in the NEGATIVE.

    76. POINT No.4: The corruption by public servants

    has become a gigantic problem. The corruption

    has spread everywhere. No facet of public activity

    has been left unaffected by the stink of corruption. It

    has deep and pervasive impact on the functioning of

    the entire country. Large scale corruption retards

    the nation building activity and everyone has to
    71
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    suffer on that count. There is need for ensuring

    honesty, integrity in public life.

    77. However in a case of this nature, when the

    prosecution has alleged commission of offence by

    the public servant punishable under Section 7 and

    13 (1) (d) of Prevention of Corruption Act, prima-

    facie, quite obviously, the initial burden is upon the

    prosecution to prove the guilt of the accused beyond

    all reasonable doubt. It is settled law that Triple-

    Test-in bribery trap cases under the Prevention of

    Corruption Act-1988 mandates that the prosecution

    is required to prove (i) verified prior demand for the

    bribe, (ii) the presence of independent shadow

    witness throughout the trap (iii) scientific

    phenolphthalein test. The proof of demand is the

    foundational fact. Without credible, un-contradicted

    proof of a prior demand, the legal presumption of a

    bribe cannot be drawn against the accused and a

    mere fact of recovery of tainted money is insufficient

    for conviction. In this case, even the reason for delay

    in approaching the police is also not clearly
    72
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    explained and none of the witnesses have clearly

    deposed about affixing of MO.15 seal to the seized

    articles. Further, it is settled law that if at all two

    views are possible then the view which is in favour of

    the accused has to be considered and benefit of

    doubt shall be given to the accused.

    78. During the course of argument the learned

    Public Prosecutor has relied upon the judgment of

    the Hon’ble Apex Court in Criminal Appeal

    No.1669/2009 [Neeraj Dutta vs State] and

    submitted that if the direct evidence is not available

    then circumstantial evidence can be considered by

    the Court and on the basis of circumstantial

    evidence also the accused can be convicted. On

    careful perusal of the observations made and the

    principles laid down in the above decision relied

    upon by the prosecution, it reveals that the Hon’ble

    Apex Court holds that proving of demand and

    acceptance of illegal gratification by a public servant

    as a fact in issue by the prosecution is a sine qua

    non in order to establish the guilt of the accused
    73
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    public servant under Section 7 and 13 (1) (d) of the

    Act. It is further held that to bring home the guilt of

    the accused, prosecution has to first prove the

    demand of illegal gratification and subsequent

    acceptance as a matter of fact. This fact in issue

    can be proved either by direct evidence, which can

    be in the nature of oral evidence or documentary

    evidence. It is also held that proof of demand and

    acceptance of illegal gratification can also be proved

    by circumstantial evidence in the absence of direct

    oral and documentary evidence. The above said

    decision relied upon by the prosecution also reveals

    that the offer by bribe giver and demand by the

    public servant has to be proved by prosecution as a

    fact in issue. In other-words mere acceptance or

    receipt of illegal gratification without anything more

    would not make it an offence under Section 7 or

    Section 13 (1) (d) of the Act.

    79. The Hon’ble Apex Court in the case of

    Madhukar Bhaskarrao Joshi vs State of

    Maharashtra (2000) 8 SCC 571 observed that in
    74
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    order to draw a presumption under Section 20 of the

    Act, the premise is that there was payment or

    acceptance of gratification. Once the said premise

    is established, the inference to be drawn is that the

    said gratification was accepted as a “motive or

    reward” for doing or forbearing to do any official act.

    As discussed above in this case prosecution has

    failed to prove its case beyond reasonable doubt and

    the primary and basic ingredients to attract the

    aforesaid offence alleged against the accused is not

    established by the prosecution. Hence, the Court is

    of the opinion that in the present case the

    contention of the prosecution to invoke Section 20 of

    the Prevention of Corruption Act is not tenable.

    80. During the course of argument the learned

    counsel for accused has relied upon the following

    citation.

    1. 2000 (3) Supreme Court 334 ( Smt.Meera vs
    State of Maharastra.

    In this decision the Hon’ble Apex Court held that
    like any other criminal offence, the prosecution has
    to prove the charge beyond reasonable doubt and
    accused should be considered innocent till it is
    75
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    established. Otherwise by proper proof of
    acceptance of the illegal gratification, the vital
    ingredient necessary to be established to procure a
    conviction for the offences under consideration.

    2. 2018 (3) KLJ – 637
    (S.N.Raghumurthy vs The State by Lokayukta
    Police
    )

    In this decision, the Hon’ble High Court of
    Karnataka, Bengaluru held that – Presumption
    under Section 20 (1) of Prevention of Corruption Act
    can be drawn only after satisfactory proof of demand
    and acceptance.

    3. 2023 (2) Supreme 737
    (Jagtar Singh vs State of Punjab)

    In the decision the Hon’ble Apex Court considering
    the facts of the case before it, at para No.11 that “

    The High Court has passed its Judgment on the
    assumption that the money having been recovered
    from the appellant, there was demand of illegal
    gratification. This is not a case, where there was
    circumstantial evidence to prove the demand” and
    the Hon’ble Apex Court allowed the appeal and
    acquitted the accused.

    81. On careful perusal of the observations and

    the principles laid down in the above said decisions
    76
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    relied upon by the learned counsel for accused

    reveals that, without credible, un-contradicted proof

    of a prior demand, the legal presumption of a bribe

    cannot be drawn against the accused and the proof

    of demand is the foundational fact and mere

    recovery of tainted currency notes from the

    possession of accused or merely relying upon FSL

    report, the accused cannot be convicted unless,

    demand and acceptance of illegal gratification by the

    accused is proved by prosecution beyond reasonable

    doubt and all those aspects cannot be assumed and

    presumed.

    82. It is also settled law that only on the basis of

    FSL report it cannot be said that the accused has

    received bribe amount. Relating to the present case

    in hand, it is seen that in view of the fact that the

    complainant himself had disowned what he stated in

    his initial complaint, there being no proof from the

    other witnesses to evidence the fact the accused has

    demanded illegal gratification, the court holds that

    the case of the prosecution fails and the prosecution
    77
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    failed to prove the allegation made against the

    accused beyond reasonable doubt. The evidence on

    record in this case reveals that PW.1, PW.2 and

    PW.5 turned hostile to the case of the prosecution

    and their evidence reveals that the very foundation

    of the prosecution case is shaken to great extent.

    The evidence on record reveals that no such demand

    made by the accused and acceptance of illegal

    gratification by accused was proved and under such

    circumstances there is no ambiguity to hold the view

    that prosecution has miserably failed to prove its

    case beyond reasonable doubt.

    83. When the accused was examined under section

    313 of Cr.P.C. the accused has filed statement under

    Section 313 (5) of Cr.P.C. and put forwarded his

    defence and also furnished the copy of the

    recommendation made by the Hon’ble

    Upalokayuktha in respect of Departmental Enquiry

    conducted against this accused. As mentioned above

    accused in this case when filed Crl.R.P.No.889/2024

    before Hon’ble High Court of Karnataka, Bengaluru,
    78
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    the Hon’ble High Court of Karnataka, Bengaluru in

    its judgment at para No.30 clearly observed that the

    fact that accused is exonerated in a domestic

    enquiry does not automatically entitle him to seek

    his discharge from the case of this nature. Further,

    it is well settled law that the standard of proof in

    department proceeding is lower than that of criminal

    prosecution. It is equally well settled principle that

    the Inquiry or criminal case have to be decided only

    on the basis of evidence adduced therein. The

    truthfulness of evidence in the criminal case can be

    judged only after evidence adduced therein and

    criminal case cannot be rejected on the basis of

    evidence recorded in the departmental proceedings

    or the report of the enquiry based on those evidence.

    Hence the contention of the accused that he

    exonerated in departmental enquiry itself is not a

    ground for discharge or acquittal of the accused.

    84. The overall analysis of evidenced on record

    reveals that the witness to the incident and witness

    to the investigation also not supported the case of
    79
    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    prosecution. In view of the aforesaid discussion on

    point No.1 to 3, this court is of the opinion that

    prosecution in this case has miserably failed to

    prove the guilt of the accused beyond reasonable

    doubt and hence the accused is entitled for an order

    of acquittal.

    In view of the aforesaid findings on point Nos.1

    to 3, the Court proceed to pass the following:

    ORDER

    Acting under Sec.235 (1) of the
    Cr.P.C., the accused is hereby
    acquitted for the offence punishable
    under Section 7, 13 (1) (d) r/w Section
    13 (2)
    of Prevention of Corruption Act,
    1988.

    In the result, the bail bond and
    surety bond of the accused shall stand
    in force for a period of 6 months as
    contemplated under Section 437-A of
    Cr.P.C.

    M.O.1 C.D. M.O.8, 11 to 14 C.D.
    are ordered to be preserved along with
    other exhibits of this file.

    80

    Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016

    Further, M.O.2 an amount of
    Rs.30,000/- is to be confiscated to the
    State after expiry of the appeal period.

    Further, M.O.3 to 7 and M.O. 9,
    10, being worthless are ordered to be
    destroyed after expiry of the appeal
    period.

    
                    Further, M.O.15 seal is ordered
              to   be   returned        to    the    Karnataka
              Lokayuktha       police        after   expiry     of
              appeal period.
    
    
    

    (Dictated to the Stenographer Grade-I, transcript thereof
    and then corrected, signed and pronounced by me in the
    open Court on this the 21ST DAY OF JULY 2026).

    
                               PRAKASH                   Digitally signed by PRAKASH
                                                         NAYAK
    
                               NAYAK                     Date: 2026.07.21 15:58:50
                                                         +0530
    
    
                            (PRAKASH NAYAK),
    

    LXXVII ADDL. CITY CIVIL & SESSIONS
    JUDGE & LOKAYUKTHA SPECIAL JUDGE,
    BENGALURU CITY.

    ANNEXURE

    LIST OF WITNESSES EXAMINED FOR PROSECUTION:

    PW.1        K.M.Dinesh
    PW.2        Arun Kumar
    PW.3        Vinay.S.
    PW.4        Sridhar.B.R.
    PW.5        Yogesh.B.
                                81
                                            Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016
    
    
    PW.6        Dr.Basavaraj Govinagidada
    PW.7        C.Srividya
    PW.8        M.Ramakrishna
    PW.9        H.C.Sriramegowda
    PW.10       T.V.Raju
    PW.11       M.V.Chandrashekar
    
    DOCUMENTS    EXHIBITED          ON   BEHALF       OF     THE
    PROSECUTION:
    
    Ex.P.1             Certified copy of Electrical Licence of PW.1
    Ex.P.2             Certified copy of address proof of PW.1
    
    Ex.P.3             First Information Statement
    Ex.P.3(a)          Signature of PW.1
    Ex.P.3(b)          Signature of PW.1
    
    Ex.P.4             Pre trap panchanama
    Ex.P.4(a)          Signature of PW.1
    Ex.P.4(b)          Signature of PW.2
    Ex.P.4(c)          Signature of PW.5
    Ex.P.4(d)          Signature of PW.10
    Ex.P.5             Trap mahazar
    Ex.P.5(a)          Signature of PW.1
    Ex.P.5(b)          Signature of PW.2
    Ex.P.5(c)          Signature of PW.5
    Ex.P.5(d)          Signature of PW.10
    
    Ex.P.6             Seized documents belonging to C.W.4
    
    Ex.P.7             Seized documents belonging to CW.5
    Ex.P.8             Certificate under Section 65(B) of Indian
                       Evidence Act issued by PW.1
    Ex.P.8(a)
    Ex.P.9             Requisition given by complainant to the
                       police
    Ex.P.9(a)          Signature of PW.1
                           82
                                      Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016
    
    
    Ex.P.10       Statement of complainant recorded under
                  Section 164 of Cr.P.C.
    Ex.P.10(a)    Signature of Pw.1
    
    Ex.P.11       Transcription of conversation recorded in
                  Mo.1 C.D.
    Ex.P.11(a)    Signature of PW.2
    Ex.P.11(b)    Signature of PW.10
    Ex.P.12       Panchanama pertains to Model voice
    
    Ex.P.12(a)    Signature of PW.2
    Ex.P.12(b)    Signature of PW.5
    Ex.P.12(c)    Signature of PW.10
    Ex.P.12(d)    Signature of accused
    Ex.P.13       Transcription of Conversation recorded in
                  voice recorder on 07-02-2015
    Ex.P.13 (a)   Signature of PW.2
    Ex.P.13 (b)   Signature of PW.5
    Ex.P. 14      List showing Serial number of currency
                  notes
    Ex.P.14(a)    Signature of P.W.2
    Ex.P.14(b)    Signature of PW.5
    Ex.P.14(c)    Signature of PW.10
    
    Ex.P.15       Transcription of conversation took place at
                  the time of trap.
    Ex.P.15(a)    Signature of PW.2
    Ex.P.15 (b)   Signature of PW.5
    Ex.P.15 (c)   Signature of PW.10
    Ex.P.16       Certificate of Identification of voice of
                  accused issued by PW.1
    Ex.P16 (a)    Signature of PW.2
    Ex.P.16(b)    Signature of PW.5
    Ex.P.16(c)    Signature of PW.10
    Ex.P.16(d)    Signature of witness
    
    Ex.P.17       Defence statement of accused
    Ex.P.17(a)    Signature of PW.2
    Ex.P.17(b)    Signature of PW.5
    Ex.P.17(c)    Signature of PW.10
                           83
                                       Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016
    
    
    Ex.P.17(d)    Signature of PW.11
    
    Ex.P.18       Acknowledgment issued by PW.5
    Ex.P.18(a)    Signature of PW.5
    Ex.P.19       Sketch showing the spot of incident
    Ex.P.19(a)    Signature of PW.5
    Ex.P.19(b)    Signature of PW.10
    Ex.P.20       Acknowledgment issued by P.W.5
    Ex.P.20(a)    Signature of PW.5
    Ex.P.21       Portion of Statement of PW.5
    Ex.P.22       Requisition of Lokayukta police dated
                  25.02.2015
    Ex.P.22(a)    Signature of PW.6
    Ex.P.22(b)    Signature of PW.10
    Ex.P.23       Sample Seal
    Ex.P.23(a)    Signature of PW.6
    Ex.P.23(b)    Signature of PW.10
    Ex.P.24       Chemical Examination Report
    Ex.P.24(a)    Signature of PW.6
    Ex.P.24(b)    Signature of PW.10
    
    Ex.P.25       FSL Report
    Ex.P.25(a)    Signature of PW.7
    Ex.P.25(b)    Signature of PW.10
    Ex.P.26       Sample Seal of FSL
    Ex.P.26(a)    Signature of PW.7
    Ex.P.27       Spot sketch
    Ex.P.28       Letter written by PW.8 to I.O.dated
                  02.03.2015
    Ex.P.28(a)    Signature of PW.10
    Ex.P.29       Service Register Extract pertaining to
                  Accused
    Ex.P.30       Sanction order
    Ex.P.30 (a)   Signature of PW.8
    Ex.P.31       Document relating to work distribution
    Ex.P.31(a)    Signature of PW.10
    Ex.P.32       First Information Report
                             84
                                            Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016
    
    
    Ex.P.32(a)     Signature of PW.1
    Ex.P.33        Certified copy of Attendance Register
    Ex.P.34        Certified copy of money paid receipt, dated
                   22-01-2015
    Ex.P.35        Paper showing the sample seal
    Ex.P.35(a)     Signature of PW.10
    Ex.P.36        Certificate issued by PW.10 under Section
                   65(B) of Indian Evidence Act
    Ex.P.36(a)     Signature of PW.10
    Ex.P.37        Letter of Executive Engineer dated
                   26-02-2015
    Ex.P.37(a)     Signature of PW.10
    Ex.P.38        Requisition of I.O. dated 31-3-2015
    Ex.P.38(a)     Signature of PW.10
    Ex.P.39        Requisition of I.O.
    Ex.P.39(a)     Signature of PW.10
    Ex.P.40        Memorandum of ADGP, KLA dated 29-09-
                   2016
    Ex.P.40(a)     Signature of PW.10
    
    

    LIST OF MATERIAL OBJECTS MARKED FOR
    PROSECUTION:

    MO.1 C.D. given by the complainant
    MO.2 Rs.30,000/- cash
    MO.3 to 7 Articles 1, 2, 5, 6, 7
    MO.8 CD consisting Video graph of mahazar
    MO.9 Cover along with pure cotton (Artical-9)
    MO.10 Cover along with cotton cleaning the
    drawer (Article-10)
    MO.11 CD consisting Conversation took place at
    the time of trap
    MO.12 CD consisting Videograph taken at the time
    of trap.

    MO.13          Article No.1 CD
    MO.14          Article No.2 CD
                            85
                                        Spl.C.C. No. 480/2016
    
    
    MO.15          Metal seal containing 'V' Alphabet
    
    

    LIST OF WITNESSES EXAMINED FOR ACCUSED:

    -NIL-

    LIST OF DOCUMENTS MARKED FOR ACCUSED:

    Ex.D-1 Copy of Trade licence certificate issued by
    BBMP in favour of Sri.Vinay.S.
    Ex.D-2 Industrial Licence copy issued by
    BBMP infavour of S.Vinay.
    Ex.D-3 Copy of Industrial Licence issued to
    Sri. B.R.Sridhar by BBMP
    Ex.D-4 Copy of Trade licence certificate issued by
    BBMP infavour of Sri.B.R.Shridar.

    (PRAKASH NAYAK),
    LXXVII ADDL. CITY CIVIL & SESSIONS
    JUDGE & LOKAYUKTHA SPECIAL JUDGE,
    BENGALURU CITY.



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