Kankanala Shyam Sunder vs Moluguri Venkateswarlu on 22 April, 2026

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    Telangana High Court

    Kankanala Shyam Sunder vs Moluguri Venkateswarlu on 22 April, 2026

    Author: Nagesh Bheemapaka

    Bench: Nagesh Bheemapaka

    IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR THE STATE OF
                        TELANGANA
         HON'BLE SRI JUSTICE NAGESH BHEEMAPAKA
    
               CIVIL REVISION PETITION No. 4355 OF 2025
    
                                  22.04.2026
    
    Between:
    
    Kankanala Shyam Sunder
    
                                                             ..... Petitioner
    And
    
    Moluguri Venkateswarlu & others
    
                                                          ..... Respondents
    
    O R D E R:

    This Revision is filed by Petitioner – Defendant No.1

    in O.S. No. 147 of 2019, assailing the order dated 01.11.2025

    SPONSORED

    passed by the learned Principal Senior Civil Judge, Mancherial

    in I.A. No.162 of 2024, whereby the trial Court allowed the

    petition filed by Respondent No.1 – Plaintiff under Order VIII

    Rule 9 read with Section 151 of the Code of Civil Procedure,

    1908 (hereinafter referred to as “CPC‘), and permitted Plaintiff to

    file a rejoinder/reply to the written statement filed by

    Petitioner/Defendant No.1.

    2. Respondent No.1 – Plaintiff instituted the suit

    against Petitioner and other Defendants, seeking declaration
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    that he is a co-owner entitled to 1/4th share in Schedule A to C

    properties as properties of the partnership concern M/s

    Matrusri Infra; cancellation of certain sale documents and

    agreements of sale-cum-GPAs executed by Defendant No.1 in

    favour of third parties; and consequential injunction restraining

    the Defendants from alienating the suit schedule properties.

    3. The case of Petitioner – Defendant No.1 before the

    trial Court, as set out in the written statement dated

    20.11.2020, is that: he denied the material averments of the

    plaint and contended inter alia that the suit schedule properties

    are not partnership properties but individual properties; the suit

    is bad for non-joinder of partnership firm M/s Matrusri Infra as

    a party; and Plaintiff is estopped from claiming the reliefs

    sought. He specifically pleaded, in paragraph No.49 of the

    written statement, that Plaintiff did not obtain leave under

    Order II Rule 2 CPC at the time of filing the suit reserving his

    right to seek further reliefs, and Plaintiff did not choose to seek

    the relief of dissolution of partnership concern of M/s Matrusri

    Infra and for rendition of accounts, nor did he array the

    partnership firm as a party to the suit.

    3

    4. The case of Respondent No.1 – Plaintiff before the

    trial Court, as set out in the petition and accompanying affidavit

    filed in I.A. No.162 of 2024, is that: Plaintiff filed the suit for

    multiple reliefs in the light of transactions that accord between

    him and Defendants 1 to 4 as partners of the firm M/s Matrusri

    Infra. Defendant No.1 had filed a written statement disputing

    his contentions, had raised several issues and had tried to

    mislead the Court. The contentions of Defendant No.1 were

    contrary to the understandings, agreements and various

    documents and court cases between the parties as well as third

    parties. The false allegations and averments of Defendant No.1

    made in his written statement required to be answered and

    elaborated, and facts put in proper perspective in the light of the

    understanding between the parties and the documents that

    arose during the course of the partnership ventures. Plaintiff

    further averred that the reply being filed along with the

    application would throw more light on the issues in controversy

    and help the Court for effective adjudication, and that no

    prejudice would be caused to the Respondent as trial had not

    yet commenced.

    4

    5. Petitioner – Defendant No.1 filed counter opposing

    the said petition. It is pertinent to note that counter

    predominantly addressed objections that properly pertained to

    the amendment of the plaint and the impleadment of parties

    sought in the simultaneously filed I.A. No.161 of 2024 and I.A.

    No.163 of 2024. The objections taken in the counter were: (a)

    Plaintiff, along with Defendants 3 and 4, got issued dissolution

    notice dated 30.08.2019 calling upon Defendant No.1 to render

    accounts, and the relief of dissolution and rendition of accounts

    was required to be sought within three years from the date of

    dissolution under Article 5 of the Limitation Act, i.e. on or before

    30.08.2022; (b) Plaintiff did not obtain leave under Order II Rule

    2 CPC at the time of filing the suit reserving his right to seek

    further reliefs; (c) Plaintiff did not array the partnership firm

    M/s Matrusri Infra as a party to the suit and the suit is bad for

    non-joinder of the partnership firm; (d) proposed rejoinder to the

    written statement of Defendant No.1 sought to be received

    contains alleged pleadings pertaining to the partnership concern

    of M/s Matrusri Infra and also all the alleged pleadings sought

    to be incorporated by way of amendment of the plaint, and is

    therefore premature pending disposal of the impleadment

    petition; and (e) the relief of dissolution of firm and rendition of
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    accounts was already barred by limitation under Article 5 of the

    Limitation Act.

    6. It is observed, on a perusal of the counter, that no

    specific or focussed answer has been furnished to the petition

    filed under Order VIII Rule 9 read with Section 151 of CPC

    seeking permission to file rejoinder to the written statement.

    The counter does not address, with any degree of particularity,

    the contents of the proposed rejoinder, nor does it identify

    which portions of the rejoinder are objectionable on their own

    merit as a reply to the written statement. This is for the reason

    that, as will be seen hereinafter, the proposed rejoinder itself

    was not placed on record before the trial Court by the Plaintiff

    along with the application, and the Defendant No.1 was

    therefore not in a position to answer specific contents which he

    had no means of seeing.

    7. Respondents 6 to 9 and 11 to 13 filed adoption

    memos adopting the counter of Respondent No.1.

    8. The learned trial Court, by the impugned order

    dated 01.11.2025, allowed I.A. No.162 of 2024 and permitted

    Plaintiff to file the rejoinder/reply to the written statement of

    Defendant No.1. The trial Court observed that on perusal of the

    record, Plaintiff had filed the suit for declaration of his rights in
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    the partnership firm, for injunction and for cancellation of

    documents in respect of the suit schedule properties and the

    suit stood posted for hearing on issues. At that stage, Plaintiff

    filed the present petition praying to permit him to file rejoinder

    to the written statement. The reason shown for filing rejoinder

    at that stage was that Defendant No.1 had filed a written

    statement disputing his contentions, had raised several issues

    and had tried to mislead the Court, and the contentions of

    Defendant No.1 were contrary to the understandings,

    agreements and various documents and court cases between

    the parties as well as third parties. The trial Court concluded

    that considering the above reason and the stage of the suit, for

    the complete and effective disposal of the matter, it was just and

    necessary to permit the Petitioner to file rejoinder, and

    accordingly allowed the petition, taking the rejoinder filed by

    Plaintiff on record.

    9. Learned counsel for Petitioner Sri Kondadi Ajay

    Kumar submitted that impugned order is patently illegal and

    suffers from non-application of mind. He submitted that the

    trial Court mechanically allowed the petition without

    appreciating the grounds of objection taken in the counter. The

    proposed rejoinder was not placed on record along with the
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    application, therefore, the trial Court was not in a position to

    know the exact contents of the proposed rejoinder, or to assess

    whether the filing of the rejoinder was in fact necessary. He

    further contended that a rejoinder cannot be permitted as a

    matter of routine; that it is only when the Court feels that the

    plaintiff must get an opportunity to explain or clarify the facts

    newly raised or pleaded in the written statement that leave may

    be granted; and that in the absence of the proposed rejoinder

    being presented before the trial Court, the exercise of discretion

    by the trial Court is vitiated.

    9.1. Learned counsel placed reliance on the following

    decisions in support of his submissions:

    (i) In Datta @ Dattatraya Dnyanu Methe v.

    Sonabai Ganpati Methe (Writ Petition No.8291 of 2022,

    decided on 21.02.2023), the Hon’ble High Court of Judicature at

    Bombay, after referring to the provisions of Order VIII Rule 9 of

    CPC, held that “filing of subsequent pleadings is not to be

    resorted to in a routine manner and only in exceptional

    circumstances, the Court may require either party to file

    additional written statement. This is more so as the parties have

    right to seek amendment of pleadings under Order 6 Rule 17 if

    any pleading is left out due to inadvertence. Therefore,
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    replications or rejoinders cannot be filed in a routine manner. It

    is only when the Court arrives at a conclusion that it need

    elucidation on any point that it may direct parties to file

    subsequent pleadings under Order 8 Rule 9 of the Code.” (para

    10). The Court further held that “As observed above the plaintiff

    did not present the proposed rejoinder along with her

    application and in absence thereof, it was impossible for the

    Court to know what exactly is sought to be pleaded in proposed

    rejoinder. As held in Anant Construction (Supra), plaintiff

    seeking leave of the court has to present before it the proposed

    replication and on applying its mind, the court may grant or

    refuse the leave. The Trial Court has thus erred in granting

    leave to file rejoinder without the same being presented before

    it.” (para 14).

    (ii) In Sheikh Noorul Hassan v. Nahakpam Indrajit

    Singh 1, the Hon’ble Supreme Court held that “such leave is not

    to be granted mechanically. The Court before granting leave

    must consider the averments made in the plaint/election

    petition, the written statement and the replication. Upon

    consideration thereof, if the Court feels that to ensure a fair and

    effective trial of the issues already raised, the plaintiff election

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    2024 INSC 391
    9

    petitioner must get opportunity to explain/clarify the facts

    newly raised or pleaded in the written statement, it may grant

    leave upon such terms as it deems fit. Further, while

    considering grant of leave, the Court must bear in mind that.-(a)

    a replication is not needed to merely traverse facts pleaded in

    the written statement; (b) a replication is not a substitute for an

    amendment; and (c) a new cause of action or plea inconsistent

    with the plea taken in original petition/plaint is not to be

    permitted in the replication.” (para 21).

    (iii) In M/s. Sri Abhivridyasya Associates Pvt. Ltd. v.

    Sahan Enterprises (CRP No.1907 of 2022, decided on

    17.11.2022), a Division Bench of this Court held that “Filing of

    rejoinder is not a matter of course. Whenever plaintiff intends to

    file rejoinder to the written statement, he must seek leave of the

    Court under Order VIII Rule 9 of CPC. Wide discretion is vested

    in the trial court to permit or reject such a course. The primary

    objective of this provision is to curtail lengthy pleadings and to

    avoid unwarranted delays in commencement of trial. The

    rejoinder cannot be for mere denial of assertions made in the

    written statement or to introduce new pleadings setting of a

    counter assertions by the defendants and so on. Therefore,

    discretion is vested in the Court to assess whether a rejoinder is
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    required and only on being satisfied the Court may permit the

    plaintiff to file rejoinder.” (para 14).

    10. Per contra, learned counsel for Respondent No.1 –

    Plaintiff Sri Srikanth Hariharan submitted that rejoinder is

    necessary to answer the false allegations and misleading

    contentions raised by Defendant No. 1 in his written statement,

    that the trial had not yet commenced, and therefore, no

    prejudice would be caused to the opposite party. He further

    submitted that the rejoinder was in fact subsequently filed and

    has been taken on record by the trial Court, and that the relief

    of leave to file the rejoinder should not be disturbed by this

    Court in revision.

    11. Heard Sri S. Rama Mohana Rao, learned counsel for

    Respondents 2 to 14.

    12. Having heard the learned counsel for both sides

    and having carefully perused the material on record, including

    the plaint, the written statement, the application filed seeking

    permission to file a rejoinder, the counter filed by the

    Petitioner/Defendant No.1, and the impugned order, the

    following points arise for consideration:

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    (1) Whether the trial Court was justified in allowing the
    petition seeking permission to file a rejoinder without the
    proposed rejoinder being placed on record along with the
    application?

    (ii) Whether the impugned order suffers from non-application
    of mind and warrants interference under Article 227 of the
    Constitution of India?

    13. The Code of Civil Procedure does not expressly

    provide for the filing of a rejoinder. Order VI Rule 1 of CPC

    defines pleading to mean a plaint and a written statement.

    Order VIII Rule 9 CPC provides that no pleading subsequent to

    the written statement of a defendant other than by way of

    defence to a set-off or counter-claim shall be presented except

    by the leave of the Court and upon such terms as the Court

    thinks fit. It is in exercise of Order VIII Rule 9 read with Section

    151 of CPC that a party may seek leave to file a rejoinder or a

    reply to the written statement.

    14. The position of law on the permissibility of filing a

    rejoinder has been authoritatively laid down by the Hon’ble

    Supreme Court in Sheikh Noorul Hassan v. Nahakpam

    Indrajit Singh 2. The Hon’ble Supreme Court, in paragraph 21

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    2024 INSC 391
    12

    of the said judgment, specifically held that “such leave is not to

    be granted mechanically. The Court before granting leave must

    consider the averments made in the plaint/election petition, the

    written statement and the replication.” The Supreme Court has

    thus mandated that the Court, before granting leave, must

    apply its mind to the contents of three documents i.e. the plaint,

    the written statement, and the proposed replication/rejoinder

    and only thereafter determine whether leave to file rejoinder

    ought to be granted.

    15. The Hon’ble High Court of Judicature at Bombay in

    Datta @ Dattatraya Dnyanu Methe v. Sonabai Ganpati

    Methe (Writ Petition No.8291 of 2022) has, on all fours, dealt

    with a situation where the plaintiff had filed an application

    seeking permission to file rejoinder but had not tendered the

    proposed rejoinder along with the application. The Bombay High

    Court held, in paragraph 14, that “the plaintiff did not present

    the proposed rejoinder along with her application and in

    absence thereof, it was impossible for the Court to know what

    exactly is sought to be pleaded in proposed rejoinder. The Trial

    Court has thus erred in granting leave to file rejoinder without

    the same being presented before it.” This principle has been re-

    stated by the Division Bench of this Court in M/s. Sri
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    Abhivridyasya Associates Pvt. Ltd. v. Sahan Enterprises, which

    held, in paragraph 14, that “discretion is vested in the Court to

    assess whether a rejoinder is required and only on being

    satisfied the Court may permit the plaintiff to file rejoinder.”

    16. The legal position that emerges from the above

    authorities may be summarised thus: (i) the filing of a rejoinder

    is not a matter of course and cannot be resorted to in a routine

    manner; (ii) the Plaintiff seeking leave of the Court has to

    present before it the proposed rejoinder along with the

    application; (iii) the Court, on applying its mind to the plaint,

    the written statement and the proposed rejoinder. may grant or

    refuse the leave; (iv) a rejoinder cannot be for mere denial of

    assertions made in the written statement, or to introduce new

    pleadings, or to set up a new cause of action, or a plea

    inconsistent with the plea taken in the original plaint; (v) a

    rejoinder is not a substitute for an amendment.

    16.1. However, where the Court, on scrutinising the

    plaint and the written statement, feels that it needs elucidation

    on a point specifically and newly raised by the defendant in the

    written statement or where the Court feels that leave is

    necessary to ensure a fair and effective trial of the issues

    already raised, by giving the plaintiff an opportunity to explain
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    or clarify facts newly raised or pleaded in the written statement

    can grant leave for filing rejoinder.

    17. Applying the above principles to the facts of the

    present case, this Court finds that Respondent No. 1 – Plaintiff

    did not present the proposed rejoinder along with his

    application in I.A. No.162 of 2024 before the trial Court. In the

    absence of the proposed rejoinder being placed on record, the

    trial Court was not in a position to consider the averments of

    the proposed rejoinder, to compare the same with the plaint and

    the written statement, and to assess whether the filing of the

    rejoinder was in fact necessary for the just and effective disposal

    of the suit. The trial Court has, in its order, merely recorded the

    reasons stated in the affidavit of the Plaintiff and, without any

    examination of the contents of the proposed rejoinder,

    concluded that “for the complete and effective disposal of the

    matter, it is just and necessary to permit the Petitioner to file

    rejoinder.” This reasoning is the very kind of mechanical

    exercise of discretion which has been deprecated by the Hon’ble

    Supreme Court in Sheikh Noorul Hassan (supra) and by the

    Hon’ble Bombay High Court in Datta @ Dattatraya Methe

    (supra).

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    18. In the absence of the proposed rejoinder being

    placed on record, the trial Court was not in a position to assess

    and determine whether the filing of the rejoinder was in fact

    necessary. Without this determination, the trial Court could not

    have allowed the petition filed for rejoinder. The impugned

    order, having been passed without the trial Court having had

    the benefit of perusing the proposed rejoinder. cannot be

    sustained.

    19. Further, the objection raised by Petitioner –

    Defendant No.1 that the proposed rejoinder may be employed as

    a vehicle to introduce averments pertaining to the dissolution of

    the partnership firm and rendition of accounts, which pleas

    have been held to be barred by limitation by this Court in Civil

    Revision Petition No.4349 of 2025 decided today, can only be

    adjudicated if the contents of the proposed rejoinder are before

    the Court. In the absence of the proposed rejoinder being on

    record, neither the trial Court nor the Petitioner was in a

    position to verify whether the rejoinder traversed beyond the

    permissible scope or sought to introduce impermissible pleas.

    This is an additional reason why the exercise undertaken by the

    trial Court cannot be sustained.

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    20. This Court is therefore, not inclined to close the

    door altogether on Plaintiff’s right to seek leave to file a

    rejoinder. The trial is yet to commence, issues have not been

    settled, and the Plaintiff may, in law, have a legitimate need to

    explain or clarify facts newly raised in the written statement of

    the Defendant No. 1, subject always to the parameters laid

    down by the Hon’ble Supreme Court and followed by this Court.

    The appropriate course, therefore, is to set aside the impugned

    order and remand the matter to the trial Court for fresh

    consideration, with liberty to the Respondent No.1/Plaintiff to

    file the rejoinder before the trial Court. Upon such rejoinder

    being filed, the trial Court shall reconsider the application

    afresh in the light of the rejoinder, the principles laid down in

    the judgments referred to hereinabove, and the order passed by

    this Court in Civil Revision Petition No. 4349 of 2025.

    21. In view of the foregoing analysis, this Court is of the

    considered opinion that impugned order dated 01.11.2025

    passed by the learned Principal Senior Civil Judge. Mancherial

    in I.A. No.162 of 2024 in O.S. No.147 of 2019 cannot be

    sustained in law and is liable to be set aside, and the matter is

    required to be remanded to the trial Court for fresh

    consideration.

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    22. Accordingly, the Civil Revision Petition is allowed.

    The impugned order dated 01.11.2025 in I.A. No.162 of 2024 in

    O.S. No.147 of 2019 on the file of the Principal Senior Civil

    Judge, Mancherial, is set aside and remanded to the Trial Court

    for fresh consideration by taking into consideration the following

    directions:

    (a) Respondent No.1/Plaintiff is granted liberty to file the
    proposed rejoinder before the trial Court within one week from
    the date of receipt of this order.

    (b) Upon the rejoinder being filed by the Respondent
    No.1/Plaintiff within one week from the date of receipt of this
    Order, as directed in clause (a) above, the entire exercise of
    hearing the parties and passing a reasoned order on I.A. No.162
    of 2024 shall be completed by the trial Court within a period of
    three weeks therefrom.

    (c) While deciding the application as directed hereinabove,
    the trial Court shall have regard to the parameters laid down by
    the Hon’ble Supreme Court in Sheikh Noorul Hassan v.

    Nahakpam Indrajit Singh, by the Hon’ble High Court of
    Judicature at Bombay in Datta @ Dattatraya Dnyanu Methe
    v. Sonabai Ganpati Methe (Writ Petition No.8291 of 2022), by
    the Division Bench of this Court in M/s. Sri Abhivridyasya
    Associates Pvt. Ltd. v. Sahan Enterprises (C.R.P. No.
    1907 of
    2022), and the order passed by this Court in Civil Revision
    Petition No.4349 of 2025, and pass a reasoned order deciding
    the application.

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    No costs.

    23. Consequently, the miscellaneous Applications, if

    any shall stand closed.

    ——– —————————–

    NAGESH BHEEMAPAKA, J

    22nd April 2026

    ksld
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