Development Thrift And Credit Co … vs The State Of Assam on 17 July, 2026

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    Gauhati High Court

    Development Thrift And Credit Co … vs The State Of Assam on 17 July, 2026

    GAHC010269282025
    
    
    
    
                                                  2026:GAU-AS:9798
              IN THE GAUHATI HIGH COURT
      (HIGH COURT OF ASSAM, NAGALAND, MIZORAM & ARUNACHAL
                             PRADESH)
    
          ITANAGAR PERMANENT BENCH, NAHARLAGUN
    
    
                 Writ Petition No. 7083 of 2025
    
              1. Development Thrift And Credit Co Operative
                 Society Ltd, a leading non banking financial
                 institution registered under the provisions of the
                 Assam Cooperative Societies Act. 2007, having Its
                 registered office situated at Hospital Road,
                 Sivasagar, Dist. Sivasagar, Pin- 785640 Assam,
                 Represented by its Chief Executive Officer Sri
                 Gunin Dehingia, Son of late Guna Kanta
                 Dehingia.
    
              2. Gunin Dehingia
                 S/O- Late Guna Kanta Dehingia
                 R/O- Housing Society
                 P.O. Phukan Nagar
                 P.S. And Dist. Sivasagar
                 Assa M.
                                                  .....Petitioners.
    
                            VERSUS
    
                  1. THE STATE OF ASSAM, REPRESENTED
                     BY THE SECY. TO THE GOVT. OF
                     ASSAM, COOPERATION DEPTT.,
                     SACHIVALAYA, DISPUR, GUWAHATI -
                     781006.
    
                  2. THE REGISTRAR OF COOPERATIVE
                     SOCIETIES
                     KHANAPARA
    
    
                                                                      Page 1 of 32
                      GUWAHATI-781022
                     ASSAM.
    
                  3. THE ZONAL JOINT REGISTRAR OF CO-
                     OPERATIVE SOCIETIES
                     JORHAT
                     ASSAM.
    
                  4. THE DISTRICT DEPUTY REGISTRAR OF
                     CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES
                     SIVASAGAR
                     ASSAM
    
                  5. THE ASSISTANT REGISTRAR OF CO-
                     OPERATIVE SOCIETIES
                     SIVASAGAR
                     ASSAM
    
                  6. SRI AMAL MILI
                     SENIOR INSPECTOR/ AUDITOR OF
                     COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES
                     OFFICE OF THE ASSISTANT REGISTRAR
                     OF CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES
                     SIVASAGAR
    
                                             ...Respondents

    Advocate for the Appellants: Mr. B. D. Goswami, Sr. Adv.,
    assisted by Mr. J. M. Gogoi

    Advocate for the Respondents: Mr. S. K. Talukdar, SC, Cooperative
    Department

    SPONSORED

    -BEFORE-

        HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE ANJAN MONI KALITA
    
         Date on which judgment was reserved :    23.04.2026
    
         Date of pronouncement of judgment    :   17.07.2026
    
         Whether the pronouncement is of the :    Yes
         operative part of the judgment?
    
    
                                                                  Page 2 of 32
          Whether the full judgment has been   :    NA
         pronounced?
    
    
    
    
                       JUDGMENT AND ORDER(CAV)
    
    
    
         The present writ petition       under Article    226   of the
    
    

    Constitution of India has been filed by the petitioners [petitioner

    No. 1 Cooperative Society is being represented by the petitioner

    No. 2 who is the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the petitioner

    No. 1] to assail the legality and validity of the letter bearing no.

    CSDG15/84/Pt-VI/176: dated 04.11.2025 issued by the Deputy

    Registrar of Co-operative Societies, Sivasagar (Respondent No. 4)

    whereby dissolving the Board of Directors selected/elected on

    26.09.2025 in exercise of power under Sections 26(3), 34 and 41

    of the Assam Cooperative Societies Act, 2007 and allowing the

    One-Man-Management Committee to take over the affairs of the

    Petitioner Society in purported exercise of power under sections

    41(6) of the Assam Cooperative Societies Act, 2007. By filing the

    writ petition, the petitioners have also challenged the legality and

    validity of the order bearing no. CZJG.15/2008/Pt-1/8 dated

    10.11.2025, issued by the Zonal Joint Registrar of Cooperative

    Page 3 of 32
    Societies, Jorhat holding that the Board of Directors of the

    Petitioner Society stood automatically dissolved under section 39

    of the Assam Cooperative Societies Act, 2007 and appointing Sri

    Amal Mili, Senior Inspector/Auditor of Cooperative Societies, office

    of the Assistant Registrar of Cooperative Societies, Sivasagar to

    perform all functions of the Board of Directors and convene Annual

    General Meeting/Election of the Petitioner Society as well as

    constitute the Board within 90 days in exercise of power conferred

    under section 41(6) of the Assam Cooperative Societies Act, 2007.

    2. The petitioner No. 1 is a Thrift and Credit Cooperative

    Society, registered on 14.11.1990 under the provisions of the

    Assam Cooperative Societies Act, 2007 (hereinafter referred to as

    the Act, 2007), having its head office situated at Hospital Road,

    Sivasagar, District-Sivasagar, Assam, Pin-785640 and the

    petitioner No. 2 is the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the

    petitioner No. 1 Society.

    3. The facts and relevant events leading to filing of the instant

    writ petition are summarised herein below:

    3.1. The petitioner Society is functioning under the

    provisions of the Act, 2007 and has altogether 9,416 nos.

    Page 4 of 32

    of members/voters till 31.03.2025. It has its own bye-

    laws which regulates its activities and functions besides

    the Act, 2007 and other relevant statutory provisions as

    applicable to a Cooperative Society.

    3.2. The petitioner Society had constituted its

    previous Board of Directors (In short “Board”) on

    30.09.2020 and since the term and tenure of the Board is

    for 5 (Five) years, the tenure of the previous Board was

    to expire on 29.09.2025. Accordingly, in preparation to

    hold the Annual General Meeting (AGM) and for

    selection/election of the new members of the Board, the

    petitioner No. 2, being the CEO, affixed a Notice on the

    board of the Head Office on 19.08.2025 as per the

    provisions of Section 26(3) of the Act, 2007.

    Intimation/Notice about the aforesaid AGM to be held on

    19.09.2025 was given to the Deputy Registrar of

    Cooperative Societies, Sivasagar, Assam on 30.08.2025

    by the petitioner No. 2, receipt of which was

    acknowledged on 01.09.2025 by the Deputy Registrar of

    Cooperative Societies, Sivasagar, Assam.

    Page 5 of 32
    3.3. In pursuance to the aforesaid Intimation/Notice

    dated 30.08.2025, the AGM was held as scheduled at the

    time and venue earlier notified but such meeting had to

    be adjourned due to lack of quorum and rescheduled the

    same on 26.09.2025. Such rescheduling of the AGM was

    intimated by the petitioner No. 2 to the Deputy Registrar

    of the Cooperative Societies, Sivasagar by a letter along

    with necessary documents.

    3.4. The AGM of the petitioner Society was held on

    26.09.2025 and resolutions were accordingly taken after

    discussions on the subjects as per the agenda items

    which included election/selection of the Board.

    Accordingly, the petitioner No. 2 wrote a letter by

    submitting the proceeding of the said AGM to the Deputy

    Registrar of Cooperative Societies, Sivasagar, Assam on

    10.10.2025 giving the details of the proceeding.

    3.5. In response to the aforesaid communications of

    the petitioner No. 2, vide his letters dated 20.09.2025

    and 10.10.2025, the Deputy Registrar of Cooperative

    Societies, Sivasagar, Assam wrote a letter to the

    Page 6 of 32
    petitioner No. 2 on 04.11.2025 whereby the petitioner

    No. 2 was intimated that there were violations of Section

    34, Section 41 and Section 26(3) of the Act, 2007 and

    therefore, the formation of the Board of Directors on

    26.09.2025 was dissolved immediately and One-Man-

    Management Committee would take over as per Sub-

    section (6) of Section 41 of the Act, 2007. Accordingly,

    the Deputy Registrar of Cooperative Societies, Sivasagar,

    Assam refrained from approving the proceedings and

    resolutions of the 35th AGM of the petitioner Society.

    3.6. In reply to the aforesaid letter dated 04.11.2025,

    the petitioner No. 2 submitted a written representation

    before the Deputy Registrar of Cooperative Societies,

    Sivasagar, Assam on 05.11.2025 requesting him to

    withdraw the letter dated 04.11.2025. By the aforesaid

    representation, the petitioner No. 2 stated that Section

    26(3), 34 and 41 of the Act, 2007 are incorrectly applied

    in the instant case. He further pointed out that the letter

    dated 04.11.2025 was time barred as the resolutions

    passed and adopted in the AGM held on 26.09.2025 were

    Page 7 of 32
    deemed approved in terms of provisions of Section 45(1)

    of the Act, 2007.

    3.7. In response to the petitioner No. 2’s

    representation dated 05.11.2025, the Zonal Joint

    Registrar of Cooperative Societies, Jorhat passed an order

    dated 10.11.2025 on the basis of the report of the

    Deputy Registrar of Cooperative Societies, Sivasagar,

    Assam dated 04.11.2025 whereby it was stated that the

    petitioner failed to hold the AGM/Election within

    stipulated time as per the provisions of the Assam

    Cooperative Societies Act, 2007. It was also mentioned

    that in terms of Section 39 of the Act, 2007, the Board

    stood automatically dissolved. It was further stated that

    in exercise of power conferred under Section 41 (6) of

    the Act, 2007 and as per power of delegation, vide Govt.

    Notification No. Coop: 141/2012/Pt./3 dated 03.05.2013,

    appointed Sri Amal Mili, Sr. Inspector/Auditor of

    Cooperative Societies, Office of the ARCS, Sivasagar

    (respondent No. 6) to perform all functions of the Board,

    to convene AGM/Election of the Petitioner Society and to

    Page 8 of 32
    constitute the Board within 90 days from the date of

    appointment of the said respondent No. 6 at the cost of

    the Petitioner Society.

    3.8. Being aggrieved by the aforesaid actions of the

    respondent authorities especially that of the respondent

    Nos. 3 and 4, the petitioners have assailed the impugned

    letter dated 04.11.2025 and order dated 10.11.2025

    respectively by filing the instant writ petition.

    4. Notice in the writ petition was issued to the respective

    respondents on 12.12.2025 and this Court has directed that till

    next date, no steps be taken for holding the elections. Interim

    order so passed on 12.12.2025 is still continuing. Parties have

    exchanged their pleadings by filing affidavit-in-opposition and reply

    thereto.

    5. This Court has heard the submissions made by Mr. B.D.

    Goswami, the learned Counsel appearing for the petitioners as well

    as Mr. S. K. Talukdar, the learned Standing Counsel of Cooperation

    Department, Govt. of Assam, appearing for the respondent Nos. 1

    to 5.

    Page 9 of 32

    6. Mr. B. D. Goswami, the learned Counsel appearing for the

    petitioners submits that the impugned actions of the respondents

    in dissolving the Board of the Petitioner Society by invoking

    Section 39 of the Act, 2007 is illegal, arbitrary and perverse as the

    Petitioner Society had held its 35th AGM/Election on 26.09.2025 in

    full compliance of the provisions of the Act, 2007 as well as the

    bye-laws of the petitioner society. He submits that the illegal

    action taken against the Petitioner Society in purported exercise of

    power conferred under Section 41(6) on the alleged ground of

    violation of Section 39 of the Act, 2007 is not at all applicable to

    the case of the Petitioner Society as the petitioners held the AGM

    of the Petitioner Society on 26.09.2025 after due notice etc. in

    terms of the provisions of the Act, 2007.

    7. Mr. Goswami, the learned Counsel for the petitioners submits

    that as per section 26(3) of the Act, 2007, the CEO of every

    cooperative society is required to prepare a list of members of with

    or without voting rights within 20 days of closure of the previous

    year, which will be valid for the current financial year. He submits

    that the list is then required to be displayed on the notice board of

    the Head Office of the society so that non-satisfied members may

    Page 10 of 32
    appeal to the Board within 10 days and the Board is required to

    finalize within 40 days of closure of the previous cooperative year

    by affixing the same on the notice board of the Head Office of the

    cooperative society. He submits that in the instant case, earlier

    Board was constituted on 30.09.2020 and the last date of the term

    of the earlier Board was 29.09.2025. Accordingly, a notice was

    affixed on the Notice Board of the Head Office under section 26(3)

    of the Act, 2007 for the purpose of holding the 35th AGM as well as

    selection/election of the Board. Therefore, there was no violation

    of Section 26(3) of the Act, 2007 in the instant case as alleged in

    the impugned letter dated 04.11.2025. He further submits that

    section 34 of the Act, 2007 outlines the quorum and procedures

    for meetings of the General Assembly of a cooperative society and

    the quorum for such General Assembly shall not be less than 10%

    of the total eligible voting members and the quorum for a delegate

    general body meeting shall not be less than 25% of eligible

    delegates. He submits that if such quorum is not met, the meeting

    shall be adjourned to a later date not later than 15 days. He

    submits that if the subsequent meeting lacks a quorum, then the

    presiding officer can proceed with the business that was originally

    Page 11 of 32
    planned, regardless of the members present. He submits that

    section 41(6) of the Act, 2007 as mentioned by the respondent

    authorities in their impugned letter and order respectively, does

    not have any connection to the facts of the instant case. He

    submits that section 41(6) of the Act, 2007 relates to the term of

    office of the Directors and it says that Directors shall hold office for

    the period for which they were elected and the newly elected

    Directors shall assume office on the date of expiry of the said

    period. Therefore, section 41(6) of the Act, 2007 has no

    connection to the appointment of the One-Man-Management

    Committee by the respondent authorities. In view of the aforesaid

    provisions and taking into consideration the facts of the instant

    case, Mr. Goswami, the learned counsel submits that the

    impugned letter and the order were passed by the respondent

    authorities without any application of mind, therefore, the same

    are bad in law. He further submits that the Zonal Joint Registrar of

    Cooperative Societies, Jorhat passed the impugned order dated

    10.11.2025 only on the basis of the impugned letter dated

    04.11.2025 passed by the Deputy Registrar of Cooperative

    Societies (DDRCS), Sivasagar, Assam without applying his

    Page 12 of 32
    independent mind or further investigation. He submits that the

    Zonal Joint Registrar of Cooperative Societies, Jorhat has added

    one more new Section 39 of the Act, 2007 without any valid

    reason as the requirement of holding AGM within 6 months of

    closure of the financial year to transact the business as provided in

    the Act, 2007 has been complied with by the Petitioner Society by

    holding the AGM on 19.09.2025 and 26.09.2025 which is at least 4

    days prior to the end of 6 months of the financial year, i.e.,

    31.03.2025. Therefore, there was no scope for the respondent

    authorities to resort to Section 39 of the Act, 2007.

    8. Mr. Goswami, the learned Counsel for the petitioners while

    referring to section 45(1) of the Act, 2007 submits that the

    proceedings of all General Meetings and Special General Meetings

    of every Cooperative Society complete in all respects as provided

    in the Act, 2007 and Bye Laws shall be sent to the Registrar within

    15 (fifteen) days from the date of competition of such meetings

    with due acknowledgment and the Registrar shall give his approval

    for the resolutions within 15 (fifteen) days of the receipt of the

    proceedings. He submits that if no approval is received within the

    aforesaid period, the proceeding shall be deemed to have been

    Page 13 of 32
    approved from the completion of such meeting with due

    acknowledgement. He submits that such provision is clear and

    specific and is created to avoid undue delay in the decision of the

    authority. The law having stated that the proceeding shall be

    deemed to have been approved, the same is also mandatory and

    conclusive. In the instant case also, the same provision shall apply

    and the resolutions are deemed to have been approved after the

    expiry of 15 (fifteen) days. Therefore, the authorities shall lose

    their powers to act after the expiry of the mandatory 15 (fifteen)

    days. He submits that the Petitioner Society with the deemed

    approval went on to hold the first meeting of the newly constituted

    Board proceeding, which was duly submitted to the concerned

    authority, vide letter dated 06.11.2025. Therefore, the impugned

    letter and the order in the instant case having been passed after

    the aforesaid 15 (fifteen) days’ period, are not sustainable under

    the law and liable to be set aside and quashed. In support of his

    submission that the provision of section 45(1) of the Act, 2007 is

    mandatory, Mr. Goswami has referred to the following cases:

    (i) Shree Ram Urban Infrastructure Ltd. &Anr. Vs. State of

    Maharashtra, reported in (2019) INSC 1188;

    Page 14 of 32

    (ii) Kamaleshkumar Ishwardas Patel Vs. Union of India & Ors.,

    reported in (1995)4 SCC 51;

    (iii) Bhavnagar University Vs. Patiala Sugar Mill (P) Ltd. And

    Others, reported in (2003) 2 SCC 111;

    9. Per Contra, Mr. S.K. Talukdar, the learned Standing

    Counsel of the Cooperation Department submits that the

    impugned letter as well as the order were passed by the

    respondent authorities absolutely as per the provisions of law as

    contained in the Act, 2007. He submits that the required quorum

    for the AGM was not there on 26.09.2025 and therefore, the AGM

    cannot be termed as a valid AGM as per the provisions of the Act,

    2007. He submits that, in the instant case, for a valid quorum,

    10% of the shareholders is required, i.e., out of 9416 nos. of total

    shareholders, 942 nos. However, only 87 shareholders were found

    to be present in the instant case. He submits that clearly the

    Petitioner Society failed to meet the requirement of the valid

    quorum and therefore, there was no valid AGM in the instant case

    in the eye of law. He submits that the report of the official

    observer clearly provided that the AGM was held in violation of the

    provisions of the Act, 2007 and therefore, the Board so elected,

    Page 15 of 32
    vide the AGM, cannot be legal and allowed to hold office of the

    petitioner Society. He submits that there was also violation of the

    provisions of 26(3) of the Act, 2007 as the CEO of the Petitioner

    Society did not submit the list of members with right to vote, list of

    members without right to vote and expired voters for the current

    cooperative year to the office of the respondent authorities. He

    submits and denied that the deeming provision under section

    45(1) of the Act, 2007 is applicable in the instant case due to the

    violations in holding the AGM as per the provisions of the Act,

    2007.

    10. In support of his argument regarding no quorum was met by

    the Petitioner Society, Mr. Talukdar has referred to the case of

    The Guwahati Cooperative Urban Bank Ltd and Ors Vs.

    Anil Kumar Kalita and 6 others (WA/348/2023″ decided by

    the Division Bench of the Hon’ble Gauhati High Court on

    19.10.2023.

    11. Mr. Talukdar, the learned Standing Counsel for the

    respondent authorities submits that under Section 41 of the Act,

    2007 read with Rule 3(1) of the Assam Cooperative Societies

    Election Rules, 2019 (Election Rules, 2019), for any cooperative

    Page 16 of 32
    society having election, the Election Authority shall arrange for

    publication of Electoral roll before 30 days of the date of the

    election. He submits that though the petitioners have contended

    that the tenure of the Board was to expire on 29.09.2025 and with

    that regard, a letter dated 30.08.2025 was issued to the

    respondent No. 4 for conducting the AGM, the petitioners have

    failed to submit a valid Electoral Roll of list of members with right

    to vote, list of members without right to vote and expired voters

    for the current cooperative year of the Petitioner Society. He

    further submits that for any election of a cooperative society, due

    process is required to be followed which are prescribed under Rule

    4 (appointment of Returning Officer), Rule 5 (Arrangement of

    Ballot Box and Ballot Papers), Rule 6 (Filling up and scrutiny of

    nomination papers) etc. of the Election Rules, 2019. However, in

    the instant case, the Petitioner Society has not followed the

    aforesaid Rules.

    12. Mr. Talukdar, the learned Counsel for the respondent

    authorities submits that the instant writ petition is not

    maintainable as the CEO of the Petitioner Society does not have

    any locus standi to file the petition being not an aggrieved person

    Page 17 of 32
    in the instant case. He submits that the CEO being only an officer

    of the Petitioner Society and he being not a member of the Board

    which has been dissolved, he cannot be termed as person

    aggrieved to file the instant case. In this connection, he referred to

    the case of Ayaaubkhan Noorkhan Pathan Vs. State of

    Maharashtra and Others, reported in (2013)4SCC 465.

    13. In reply, Mr. Goswami, the learned Counsel appearing for

    the petitioners submits that Section 2 (l) of the Act, 2007 provides

    for appointment of the CEO and he has filed the writ petition in a

    representative capacity of the Petitioner Society. He submits that

    the CEO being the person to look after day-to-day affairs of the

    Petitioner Society, is absolutely having authority to represent the

    Petitioner Society. He denies that any violations of the Election

    Rules, 2019 have been committed while electing the Board during

    the AGM. He further submits that in case of blatant illegality

    committed, the Courts cannot shut their eyes and allow such

    illegalities to remain. In this connection, he referred to the

    following cases:

    (i) M.S. Jayaraj Vs. Commissioner of Excise, Kerala and Ors,

    reported in 200(7) SCC 552;

    Page 18 of 32

    (ii) Mehsana District Central Co-op Bank Ltd. Vs. The State of

    Gujarat, reported in 2004(2) SCC 463;

    14. From the aforesaid submissions and the respective stand

    taken by the contesting parties in the instant writ petition, though

    several issues have been raised by the petitioners, the preliminary

    issue that is required to be answered in priority is the issue of the

    maintainability of the writ petition. It is seen from the affidavit-in-

    opposition filed by the respondent authorities that no ground of

    maintainability of the writ petition was taken by the respondent

    authorities. However, during the hearing of the writ petition, Mr.

    Talukdar, the learned Standing Counsel of the respondent

    authorities has taken the ground of maintainability and an

    opportunity was also provided to Mr. Goswami, the learned

    Counsel of the petitioners to respond to the same. Therefore, this

    Court finds the ground to be relevant in the instant case and

    accordingly, shall proceed to consider the issue of maintainability

    of the instant writ petition filed by the Petitioner Society as

    petitioner No. 1 and the CEO of the petitioner No. 1 as the

    petitioner No. 2.

    Page 19 of 32

    15. There is no dispute that a cooperative society is a distinct

    legal entity which operates as an independent body corporate and

    a cooperative society enjoys perpetual succession. In this

    connection, section 117 of the Act, 2007 being relevant is

    extracted herein below:

    “117. Society to be a body corporate- Every registered cooperative

    society shall be deemed to be a body corporate by the name under

    which it is registered, with perpetual succession and a common seal,

    and with power to hold property, to enter into contracts, institute and

    defend suits and other legal proceedings and to do all things necessary

    for the purpose for which it was constituted.”

    16. In terms of the provisions of the Act, 2007, a Cooperative

    Society is managed by the Board of Directors which is elected by

    the General Assembly of the Cooperative Society. The term

    “Board” is defined under the Act, 2007 as follows:

    2 [(g) “Board” means the Board of Directors or the Governing Body of

    a Co–operative Society to which the direction and control of the

    management of the affairs of a Society is entrusted to;]

    16.1. The Constitution and functions of the Board of Directors are

    provided under Section 35 of the Act, 2007 which is extracted

    herein below:

    Page 20 of 32

    35. Board-(1) There shall be a Board for the management of every

    cooperative society registered under this Act. The Directors shall be

    elected in accordance with the provisions of the bye-laws. The

    management of every cooperative society constituted in accordance

    with the provision of this Act and the bye-laws shall vest in the Board:

    Provided that in the case of a cooperative society newly registered

    under this Act, the persons who have signed the application for the

    registration of the cooperative society may appoint a promoter Board,

    for a period not exceeding one year from the date of registration to

    direct the affairs of the cooperative society and it shall cease to

    function as soon as a regular board is constituted in accordance with

    the provisions of this Act and the bye- -laws.

    *[(2) The Board shall consist of fifteen number of Directors: Provided

    that there shall be reservation of one seat of Director for the

    Scheduled Castes or the Scheduled Tribes and two seats for Women in

    the Board of every Cooperative Society consisting of individuals as

    members and having members from such class or category of

    persons.]

    *(3) The promoter Board appointed under the proviso to sub-section

    (1) shall conduct the election of Directors within the period mentioned

    therein.

    Page 21 of 32

    *(4) Every Director while exercising the powers and discharging duties

    shall act honestly and in good faith and in the best interests of the

    cooperative society and exercise such care, diligence and skill as a

    reasonably prudent person would exercise in similar circumstances.

    *(5) A Director who is guilty of misappropriation, breach of trust or

    dishonesty resulting in loss or shortfall in revenue of the cooperative

    society and is found guilty after an enquiry or inspection under Section

    87 and Section 88 or after audit under Section 81, shall be personally

    liable to make good that loss or shortfall, without prejudice to any

    criminal action to which the Director may be liable under any law.

    17. In the instant case in hand, the writ petition has been filed

    by the cooperative society represented by the Chief Executive

    Officer as well as the Chief Executive Officer himself as one of the

    petitioners. The question arises as to whether the Cooperative

    Society and the CEO can file a writ petition challenging an order of

    the competent authority of the Cooperation Department which has

    dissolved the Board of Directors elected and thereafter, appointed

    an One-Man-Management Committee to perform all the functions

    of the Board of Directors of the Petitioner Society and to convene

    Annual General Meeting/Election to constitute the Board of the

    Page 22 of 32
    Petitioner Society within 90 days from the date of appointment of

    the aforesaid One-Man-Management Committee?

    18. The appointment, functions and powers of the Chief

    Executive Officer being important in the instant case, the same are

    referred to herein below:

    “2 (l) “Chief Executive” means the individual, in paid or honorary

    capacity, nominated or elected or appointed by the Board from among

    members, Directors or others, in accordance with the bye-laws of the

    society who shall perform such functions, and responsibilities and

    exercise such powers as specified in the Act, bye-laws and assigned by

    the Board;”

    49. Chief Executive, his powers and functions and staff- (1)

    1[((a) There shall be a Chief Executive, by whatever designation called

    of every cooperative society to be appointed by the Board or by the

    State Government. In the event of appointment of the Chief Executive

    by the Board, he shall be a full time employee of the society]

    (b)) The Chief Executive shall be the ex-officio member of the Board;

    (c) Where the State Government stands guarantee for repayment of

    any loan secured from any financial institution the Chief Executive may

    be appointed by the State Government and salary and allowances

    payable to other terms and conditions of service including pension,

    Page 23 of 32
    gratuity and other benefits of the Chief Executive shall be prescribed

    by the Government;

    (d) Notwithstanding anything contained in any law in force or bye-laws

    of the society, the Chief Executive appointed by the Government shall

    have full administrative control over the employees of the society in all

    matters including transfer, posting and disciplinary action. However, in

    case of dismissal of employees approval of the Board shall be

    necessary.

    (2) The Chief Executive shall be under the general superintendence,

    direction and control of the Board and exercise the following powers

    and the functions, namely:-

    (a) day-to-day management of the business of the cooperative society;

    (b) operating the accounts of the co–operative society and be

    responsible for making arrangements for safe custody of cash;

    (c) signing on the documents for and on behalf of the cooperative

    society;

    (d) making arrangements for the proper maintenance of various books

    and records of the cooperative society and for the correct preparation,

    timely submission of periodical statements and returns, in accordance

    with the provisions of this Act, the rules and the byelaws;

    Page 24 of 32

    (e) convening meetings of the general body of the cooperative society,

    the Board and the Executive Committee and other committees or sub-

    committees constituted under provision of the Act and bye-laws and

    maintaining proper records for such meetings;

    (f) making appointments to the posts in the cooperative society in

    accordance with the bye-laws;

    (g) assisting the Board in the formulation of policies, objectives and

    planning;

    (h) furnishing to the Board periodical information necessary for

    appraising the operations and functions of the cooperative society;

    (i) to sue or be sued on behalf of the cooperative society;

    (j) present the draft annual report and financial statements for the

    approval of the Board within thirty days of closure of the cooperative

    year;

    (k) performing such other duties, and exercising such other powers, as

    may be specified in the bye-laws of the cooperative society; (I) in case

    of dispute between the Chief Executive and the Board in any matter,

    the decision of the Registrar shall be binding on the both.

    (3) Subject to other laws regulating employer–employee relations all

    employees of a cooperative society shall be appointed, regulated and

    removed by and be accountable to authorities within the cooperative

    Page 25 of 32
    society in accordance with the service conditions approved by the

    Board:

    Provided that in case of cooperative societies where State Government

    holds more than fifty percent of Share Capital or guarantees

    repayment of loan secured from any financial ‘institution, any upward

    revision of pay and allowances of staff, shall require prior approval of

    the State Government. The controlling authority of all staff shall be the

    Chief Executive of the society.

    19. From the above provisions regarding the powers and

    functions of the Chief Executive Officer, it is discernible that the

    CEO shall be an individual, in paid or honorary capacity, nominated

    or elected or appointed by the Board from among members,

    Directors or others, in accordance with the bye-laws of the Society

    who shall perform such functions and responsibilities and exercise

    such powers as specified in the Act, bye-laws and assigned by the

    Board. It is also provided that in the event of appointment of the

    CEO by the Board, he shall be a full-time employee of the

    Cooperative Society. The CEO shall be under the general

    superintendence, direction and control of the Board and exercise

    the powers and the functions, like day-to-day management of the

    business of the Cooperative Society, operating the accounts of the

    Page 26 of 32
    Cooperative Society, signing on the documents for and on behalf

    of the Cooperative Society, assisting the Board in the formulation

    of policies, objectives and planning, present the draft annual

    report and financial statements for the approval of the Board etc.

    The CEO is also empowered to sue or be sued on behalf of the

    Cooperative Society. Therefore, it is clear that the CEO receives or

    derives its powers primarily under the aforesaid Section 49 which

    are basically to support the Board and under the authority of the

    Board. The CEO acts under the general superintendence, direction

    and control of the Board. This makes it clear that without an

    authorisation of the Board, the CEO does not have any

    independent power to act on behalf of the Cooperative Society.

    20. In the case in hand, it is stated that the CEO has been

    appointed by the founding Board of the Cooperative Society. It is

    not in dispute that, vide the impugned order dated 10.11.2025,

    the Zonal Joint Registrar of Cooperative Societies, Jorhat

    mentioned in the order that the Board of Directors of the Petitioner

    Society stood automatically dissolved under section 39 of the Act,

    2007. Therefore, on the date of filing of the instant writ petition,

    there was no valid Board of Directors existing in the Petitioner

    Page 27 of 32
    Society. In fact, the administration of the Petitioner Society was

    given to one One-Man-Management Committee, the respondent

    No. 6 to perform all functions of the Board of Directors.

    Accordingly, in absence of the Board, the One-Man-Management

    Committee is the authority to manage the affairs of the Petitioner

    Society. The CEO has to act under the authority of the One-Man-

    Management Committee as per the advice and instructions of the

    One-Man-Management Committee. Therefore, it is clear that the

    petitioner No. 2 being the CEO of the Cooperative Society does not

    have any authority to file the instant writ petition either in a

    representative capacity or in his individual capacity without any

    authority from the One-Man-Management Committee, which has

    been appointed by the competent authority, i.e. the respondent

    authorities.

    21. Another important aspect which has been raised by the

    learned Standing Counsel for the respondent authorities is that the

    petitioners are not being a person aggrieved by the impugned

    letter and the order, do not have any locus standi to file the

    instant writ petition. This Court is in agreement with the

    submission of the learned Standing Counsel of the respondent

    Page 28 of 32
    authorities. It is seen that neither the Petitioner Society nor the

    petitioner No. 2, i.e. the CEO is aggrieved by the impugned letter

    and order of the respondent authorities. Rather, in the instant

    case, the aggrieved persons are the members of the Board of

    Directors which has been dissolved by the respondent authorities.

    In this connection, the case of Ayaaubkhan Noorkhan Pathan

    (Supra) relied on by the Standing Counsel for the respondent

    authorities being relevant are referred to. Para 9 and 10 of the

    aforesaid case being relevant are extracted herein below:

    “9. It is a settled legal proposition that a stranger cannot be permitted

    to meddle in any proceeding, unless he satisfies the Authority/Court,

    that he falls within the category of aggrieved persons. Only a person

    who has suffered, or suffers from legal injury can challenge the

    act/action/order etc. in a court of law. A writ petition under Article

    226 of the Constitution is maintainable either for the purpose of

    enforcing a statutory or legal right, or when there is a complaint by the

    appellant that there has been a breach of statutory duty on the part of

    the Authorities. Therefore, there must be a judicially enforceable right

    available for enforcement, on the basis of which writ jurisdiction is

    resorted to. The Court can of course, enforce the performance of a

    statutory duty by a public body, using its writ jurisdiction at the behest

    Page 29 of 32
    of a person, provided that such person satisfies the Court that he has a

    legal right to insist on such performance. The existence of such right is

    a condition precedent for invoking the writ jurisdiction of the courts. It

    is implicit in the exercise of such extraordinary jurisdiction that, the

    relief prayed for must be one to enforce a legal right. In fact, the

    existence of such right, is the foundation of the exercise of the said

    jurisdiction by the Court. The legal right that can be enforced must

    ordinarily be the right of the appellant himself, who complains of

    infraction of such right and approaches the Court for relief as regards

    the same. (Vide : State of Orissa v. Madan Gopal Rungta, AIR 1952 SC

    12; Saghir Ahmad &Anr. v. State of U.P., AIR 1954 SC 728; Calcutta

    Gas Company (Proprietary) Ltd. v. State of West Bengal & Ors., AIR

    1962 SC 1044; Rajendra Singh v. State of Madhya Pradesh, AIR 1996

    SC 2736; and Tamilnad Mercantile Bank Shareholders Welfare

    Association (2) v. S.C. Sekar & Ors., (2009) 2 SCC 784).

    10. A “legal right”, means an entitlement arising out of legal rules.

    Thus, it may be defined as an advantage, or a benefit conferred upon

    a person by the rule of law. The expression, “person aggrieved” does

    not include a person who suffers from a psychological or an imaginary

    injury; a person aggrieved must therefore, necessarily be one, whose

    right or interest has been adversely affected or jeopardised.

    (Vide: Shanti Kumar R. Chanji v. Home Insurance Co. of New York, AIR

    Page 30 of 32
    1974 SC 1719; and State of Rajasthan & Ors. v. Union of India & Ors.,

    AIR 1977 SC 1361).”

    22. From the aforesaid proposition of law as laid down in the

    aforesaid case ofAyaaubkhan Noorkhan Pathan (Supra), this

    Court is of the view that neither the petitioner No. 1, i.e. the

    Cooperative Society nor the petitioner No. 2, i.e. the CEO can be

    termed as person aggrieved to have locus standi to file the instant

    writ petition challenging the impugned letter dated 04.11.2025 and

    the order dated 10.11.2025.

    23. The cases relied on by the learned counsel for the petitioners

    have been considered. However, since those cases will not help

    the arguments of the petitioners, the same are not required to be

    discussed in details.

    24. In view of the aforesaid findings arrived at by this Court, this

    Court concludes that the instant writ petition deserves to be

    dismissed on the ground of maintainability, being devoid of any

    locus standi to file the same by the petitioners. Accordingly, the

    instant writ petition is dismissed on the preliminary ground of

    maintainability, raised by the respondent authorities.

    Page 31 of 32

    25. Interim order passed on 12.12.2025 stands vacated.

    26. No order as to costs.

    JUDGE

    Comparing Assistant

    Page 32 of 32



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