Constitution Of India) vs State Of Odisha And Others … Opposite … on 27 April, 2026

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    Orissa High Court

    Constitution Of India) vs State Of Odisha And Others … Opposite … on 27 April, 2026

    Author: B.P. Routray

    Bench: B.P. Routray

    Signature Not Verified
    Digitally Signed
    Signed by: CHITTA RANJAN BISWAL
    Reason: Authentication
    Location: Orissa High Court, Cuttack.
    Date: 27-Apr-2026 20:22:11
    
    
    
                                    IN THE HIGH COURT OF ORISSA AT CUTTACK
    
                                                      W.P.(C) No.180 of 2026
                            (In the matter of an application under Article 226 & 227 of the
                            Constitution of India)
                            Binod Bihari Sahu and others                      ...                    Petitioners
    
                                                                   -versus-
                            State of Odisha and others                        ...            Opposite Parties
                            Advocate(s) appeared in this case:-
    
                                            For Petitioners         : Mr.J.K.Khuntia, Advocate
    
                                            For Opposite Parties    : Mr.R.Pradhan, ASC
                                                                      Mr.G.Mukherjee, Sr.Advocate
                                                                      (For O.P.No.4)
    
                                              CORAM: JUSTICE B.P. ROUTRAY
    
                                                             JUDGMENT
    

    ———————————————————————————

                                        Date of Hearing                :       5th March 2026
                                        Date of Judgment               :       27th April 2026
    

    ———————————————————————————
    B.P. Routray, J.

    SPONSORED

    1. Heard Mr.J.K.Khuntia, learned counsel for the Petitioners and

    Mr.G.Mukherjee, learned Senior Counsel for Opposite Party No.4

    as well as Mr.R.Pradhan, learned Additional Standing Counsel for

    the State-Opposite Parties 1 to 3.

    2. The Petitioners are the villagers of revenue village

    Sabalabhanga Jungle and have prayed for a direction to the
    WPC No.180 of 2026 Page 1 of 16
    Signature Not Verified
    Digitally Signed
    Signed by: CHITTA RANJAN BISWAL
    Reason: Authentication
    Location: Orissa High Court, Cuttack.

    Date: 27-Apr-2026 20:22:11

    Opposite Parties not to construct the transmission tower over their

    revenue village under Angul Tahasil on the ground that said village

    is not included in the proposed area for construction of transmission

    tower. It is the case of the Petitioners that initially M/s. Monnet

    Power Company Ltd. („MPCL‟) was assigned with the work of

    construction of transmission line from Thermal Power Plant at

    Malibrahamani to Pooling Station, i.e. Power Grid Corporation of

    India Ltd. („PGCIL‟) at Phulpara. Subsequently, said MPCL having

    been bankrupted, present Opposite Party No.4, i.e. Jindal Steel &

    Power Plant Ltd. („JSPL‟), acquired the same in the auction sale

    through liquidation process conducted by the National Company

    Law Tribunal and Opposite Party No.4 („JSPL‟) came to picture

    thereby with effect from 10th February 2023.

    3. The India Gazette Notification dated 13th June 2013 in this

    regard has mentioned eighteen revenue villages without including

    the revenue village Sabalabhanga Jungle. It is submitted that

    Sabalabhanga Jungle comes in between village Balasingha and

    Sardhapur named at Serial No.7 & 11 of the Gazette Notification

    respectively. So, it is alleged by the Petitioners that Opposite Party

    No.4 is forcibly constructing transmission tower and lines over

    WPC No.180 of 2026 Page 2 of 16
    Signature Not Verified
    Digitally Signed
    Signed by: CHITTA RANJAN BISWAL
    Reason: Authentication
    Location: Orissa High Court, Cuttack.

    Date: 27-Apr-2026 20:22:11

    different plots of revenue village Sabalabhanga Jungle without

    inclusion of the same in the proposed villages and without giving

    any compensation.

    4. Mr.Mukherjee, learned Senior Counsel for Opposite Party

    No.4 submits that after taking over MPCL by Opposite Party No.4

    with effect from February, 2023, since all such documents were not

    handed over to them, they applied for a fresh revised permission on

    25th July 2025 as per the permission granted to the then MPCL and

    based on the same, the Collector-cum-District Magistrate, Angul

    vide its letter dated 30th October 2025 has granted the required

    permission in respect of the villages Paranga, Bhubanpur,

    Mukundapur, Nisha, Malibrahmani, Phulpara, Paratara, Benagadia,

    Hanadhia, Inkarabandha, Surab, Kangula, Brahamanapasi,

    Chheliapada, Baluakata, Sabalabhanga, Balarampur, Saradhapur,

    Panchamahala, Musapapuli, Rantalei, Chandrabhal and

    Podhakhamana.. He further submits that non-inclusion of revenue

    village Sabalabhanga Jungle is mainly due to some confusion with

    the revenue village Sabalabhanga. Nonetheless, by virtue of wide

    definition contained in Gazette Notification dated 13th June 2013

    containing the words that, “The transmission line covered under the

    WPC No.180 of 2026 Page 3 of 16
    Signature Not Verified
    Digitally Signed
    Signed by: CHITTA RANJAN BISWAL
    Reason: Authentication
    Location: Orissa High Court, Cuttack.

    Date: 27-Apr-2026 20:22:11

    scheme will pass through, over, around and between the following

    villages, towns and cities”, revenue village Sabalabhanga Jungle is

    being included, which falls in between the village Balasingha,

    Saradhapur and Balarampur. He also refers the map in that respect

    to demonstrate the line to fall within village Sabalabhanga Jungle.

    Apart from this, it is also submitted on behalf of Opposite Party

    No.4 that the towers were already constructed by the then MPCL,

    which includes three towers, i.e. Tower No.39, 40 & 41, already

    constructed in revenue village Sabalabhanga Jungle in the year

    2014-2015. Therefore, after getting revised permission from the

    Collector-cum-District Magistrate, Angul on 30th October 2025, the

    only work left with present Opposite Party No.4 is to string the

    transmission line between the towers and thus no question of

    forcible occupation of the land in respect of revenue village

    Sabalabhanga Jungle is done. Rather the transmission lines are to be

    stringed between the towers only. Mr.Mukherjee further submits

    that in the event any land of village Sabalabhanga Jungle is to be

    affected by such drawing of transmission lines, then the owners

    thereof are certainly entitled for due compensation.

    WPC No.180 of 2026 Page 4 of 16
    Signature Not Verified
    Digitally Signed
    Signed by: CHITTA RANJAN BISWAL
    Reason: Authentication
    Location: Orissa High Court, Cuttack.

    Date: 27-Apr-2026 20:22:11

    5. Section 164 of the Electricity Act authorizes appropriate

    government to invoke the provisions of India Telegraph Act, 1885 for

    placing electric lines, for transmission of electricity, by exercising any

    of such powers the Telegraph Authority possesses under that Act in

    respect of placing telegraph lines and posts. Section 67 of the

    Electricity Act, 2003 prescribes the provisions as to opening up of

    streets, railways, etc. for laying electric poles and lines.

    6. A conjoint reading of section 164 and 67 of the Electricity Act,

    it is conceived that whenever an order is passed by appropriate

    government in terms of Section 164 with respect to the placing of

    Electric lines and posts, such officer, licensee or any other person

    conferred with the powers of Telegraph Authority under the Indian

    Telegraph Act stands at the same position regarding exercise of power

    as the authority under the Indian Telegraph Act. But if a licensee

    proposes to place electric lines necessary for transmission or supply of

    electricity, section 67 of the Electricity Act mandates to obtain the

    consent of the concerned owner or occupier of the land as required

    under Section 12(2) of the Indian Electricity Act.

    7. In Power Grid Corporation of India Limited v. Century

    Textiles and Industries Limited and Others, (2017) 5 SCC 143, the

    WPC No.180 of 2026 Page 5 of 16
    Signature Not Verified
    Digitally Signed
    Signed by: CHITTA RANJAN BISWAL
    Reason: Authentication
    Location: Orissa High Court, Cuttack.

    Date: 27-Apr-2026 20:22:11

    Hon‟ble Supreme Court have held that as per the provisions of the

    Telegraph Act, 1885, unobstructed access to lay down telegraph

    and/or electricity transmission lines is an imperative in the larger

    public interest. The relevant observation at paragraph 21 of the above

    cited decision is reproduced below:-

    “21. It is not in dispute that in exercise of powers under the
    aforesaid provision, the appropriate Government has
    conferred the powers of telegraph authority vide notification
    dated 24-12-2003 exercisable under Indian Telegraph Act,
    1885
    upon the Power Grid. It may also be mentioned that a
    Central Transmission Utility (CTU) is a deemed licensee
    under the second proviso to Section 14 of the Electricity Act,
    2003. Power Grid is a Central Transmission Utility and is,
    therefore, a deemed licensee under the Electricity Act, 2003.
    This coupled with the fact that Power Grid is treated as
    authority under the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885, it acquires all
    such powers which are vested in a telegraph authority under
    the provisions of the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885 including
    power to eliminate any obstruction in the laying down of
    power transmission lines. As per the provisions of the Indian
    Telegraph Act, 1885
    , unobstructed access to lay down
    telegraph and/or electricity transmission lines is an
    imperative in the larger public interest. Electrification of
    villages all over the country and availability of telegraph lines
    are the most essential requirements for growth and
    development of any country, economy and the well-
    being/progress of the citizens. The legislature has not
    permitted any kind of impediment/ obstruction in achieving
    this objective and through the scheme of the Indian Telegraph

    WPC No.180 of 2026 Page 6 of 16
    Signature Not Verified
    Digitally Signed
    Signed by: CHITTA RANJAN BISWAL
    Reason: Authentication
    Location: Orissa High Court, Cuttack.

    Date: 27-Apr-2026 20:22:11

    Act, 1885 empowering the licensee to lay telegraph lines,
    applied the same, as it is, for laying down the electricity
    transmission lines.”

    8. Power under section 10 of the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885 can

    be exercised without acquiring the land in question, which is to the

    effect that there will be the right of user only in the property and for

    such purposes mentioned therein. So the provisions under Section 164

    of the Electricity Act, read with Section 10 of the Indian Telegraph

    Act recognizes the absolute power of the public officer or the licensee

    or any other person authorized in that behalf to proceed with placing

    of electricity supply lines or electric towers for transmission of

    electricity on and over the private lands, saving the right of the owner/

    occupier to claim compensation, if any, for the damages sustained by

    raising or placing of the electric supply lines. So the acquisition of

    land is neither necessary nor there is any need for consent of the

    owner or occupier. In other words, in exercise of power under Section

    164 of the Electricity Act, read with Section 10 of the Telegraphs Act,

    the acquisition of any land is not required and such use of the land for

    the purpose of laying electric lines would entitle the owner/occupier to

    get compensation for the damages sustained by him.

    WPC No.180 of 2026 Page 7 of 16
    Signature Not Verified
    Digitally Signed
    Signed by: CHITTA RANJAN BISWAL
    Reason: Authentication
    Location: Orissa High Court, Cuttack.

    Date: 27-Apr-2026 20:22:11

    9. The Karnataka High Court in S.M. Rao v. State of Karnakata,

    AIR 1999 Karnataka 475, have observed as follows:-

    “17. The next contention is that Section 28 notification
    has not been duly published. As said earlier it is not an
    acquisition proceeding. The electrical line is being
    drawn for the supply of power to the consumers. It is
    sufficient to inform the public indicating the village
    through which the line is being drawn. As a matter of
    fact, the definite area on which the Tower etc., are to be
    placed can be known only after a spot inspection is made
    and viability is worked out. But I should certainly hasten
    to add, that if the Sy. Nos. in the village are also
    indicated, that will make the notification more precise.
    Such details will also inform the affected person to
    arrange his affairs. But, absence of these details are not
    fatal. When the line has to travel a long distance as in
    this case, non-mention of the Sy. Nos. is not certainly
    fatal. Many a time drawing of the line depends on the
    soil condition and other local situation as well. If that be
    so they cannot in advance contemplate as to through
    which property the line will have to be drawn. They
    need only say as to the village through which the line is
    being drawn. That has been complied in this case, and as
    such there is substantial compliance of the statute.”

    “20. The other contention urged, namely that
    consent of the owners of the land through which the line
    travel was not secured by respondents 4 and 5 before
    laying the poles and towers to draw the electric line

    WPC No.180 of 2026 Page 8 of 16
    Signature Not Verified
    Digitally Signed
    Signed by: CHITTA RANJAN BISWAL
    Reason: Authentication
    Location: Orissa High Court, Cuttack.

    Date: 27-Apr-2026 20:22:11

    recedes to background, when we remember that the line
    is being drawn in exercise of the powers conferred,
    under the Section 51 of the Electricity Act read with
    Sections 10 and 16 of the Telegraph Act. If there is an
    order in this behalf, then no consent is called for.”

    10. In the given case at hand, it is the allegation of the petitioners

    that opposite party no.4 by changing the route alignment map has

    diverted from the approved route to run the electric lines through

    village Sabalabhanga Jungle without specific mention of the same in

    the gazette notification under Annexure-3. It is also stated by the

    petitioners that village Sabalabhanga Jungle was not included in the

    aligned route map but opposite party no.4 is diverting the route on

    their own without any approval and notification made by the

    appropriate government.

    11. It is true that the right to place transmission lines and

    transmission towers over the private land arose only upon lawful

    conferment of power under Section 164 and 67 of the Electricity Act,

    read with the provisions of the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885, on such

    officer, licensee or any other person. Gazette notification under

    Annexure-3 speaks and mentions the villages Talamulsasan (Naupal),

    Durgaprasadpur, Kansara, Pandapur, Hanadhia, Surab, Balasingha,

    WPC No.180 of 2026 Page 9 of 16
    Signature Not Verified
    Digitally Signed
    Signed by: CHITTA RANJAN BISWAL
    Reason: Authentication
    Location: Orissa High Court, Cuttack.

    Date: 27-Apr-2026 20:22:11

    Cheliaparha, Amantapur, Lingarajodi, Saradhapur, Panchumahala,

    Karadgadia (Mandiapasi), Kushsingha, Jarsingha, Bedshar, Parang

    and Nisa covering the Tahasils of Banarpal, Angul and Chendipada.

    12. The Gazette Notification dated 13th June 2013 of Government

    of India in the Ministry of Power (Annexure-3 to the counter of

    Opposite Party No.4) and 25th July 2013 as annexed to the affidavit of

    the Collector, the Government of India granted approval under

    Section 68 of the Electricity Act, 2003, in exercise of power under

    Section 164 of the Electricity Act read with the provisions of Indian

    Telegraph Act, 1885 for construction of dedicated transmission line

    covered under the scheme to pass through, over, around and between

    the villages namely, Talamulsasan (Naupal), Durgaprasadpur,

    Kansara, Pandapur, Hanadhia, Surab, Balasingha, Cheliaparha,

    Amantapur, Lingarajodi, Saradhapur, Panchumahala, Karadgadia

    (Mandiapasi), Kushsingha, Jarsingha, Bedshar, Parang and Nisa

    covering the Tahasils of Banarpal, Angul and Chendipada, subject to

    such conditions as enumerated in the said notification. Admittedly, the

    village Sabalabhanga Jungle is not included in the list of villages.

    After taking over MPCL by Opposite Party No.4 through liquidation

    process, where Opposite Party No.4 entered into the picture in

    WPC No.180 of 2026 Page 10 of 16
    Signature Not Verified
    Digitally Signed
    Signed by: CHITTA RANJAN BISWAL
    Reason: Authentication
    Location: Orissa High Court, Cuttack.

    Date: 27-Apr-2026 20:22:11

    February 2023, he wrote a letter to the Collector, Angul on 25 th July

    2025 praying revised permission for taking up construction activities

    for complete drawing of the 400KV DC Line. Pursuant to same, the

    Collector, Angul vide order dated 30th October 2025, (Annexure-E/3)

    granted necessary permission in favour of Opposite Party No.4 to

    carry out such construction activities to complete the transmission line

    in terms of Section 10(d) of the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885. The

    Collector in his order dated 30th October 2025 has permitted for

    construction of the transmission line over Government and private

    lands of villages namely, Paranga, Bhubanpur, Mukundapur, Nisha,

    Malibrahmani, Phulpara, Paratara, Benagadia, Hanadhia,

    Inkarabandha, Surab, Kangula, Brahamanapasi, Chheliapada,

    Baluakata, Sabalabhanga, Balarampur, Saradhapur, Panchamahala,

    Musapapuli, Rantalei, Chandrabhal and Podhakhamana. The list of

    villages appearing in the order of the Collector includes five more

    villages than named in the Indian Gazette Notification dated 25th July

    2013. The Petitioners contend, without questioning or disputing the

    issuance of Gazette Notification or the order of the Collector, that,

    their village Sabalabhanga Jungle has not been included in the original

    aligned route map or revised list of villages given in the order of the

    Collector, and Opposite Party No.4 is drawing transmission line

    WPC No.180 of 2026 Page 11 of 16
    Signature Not Verified
    Digitally Signed
    Signed by: CHITTA RANJAN BISWAL
    Reason: Authentication
    Location: Orissa High Court, Cuttack.

    Date: 27-Apr-2026 20:22:11

    through their village and illegally constructed towers. Here, it needs to

    be mentioned that as per the admission of Opposite Party No.4, tower

    no.39, 40 & 41 have already been constructed by the then MPCL

    since long on the lands of revenue village Sabalabhanga Jungle.

    Opposite Party No.4 further states that a total 118 towers are to be

    installed for the project, out of which most have been erected and

    foundation for the rest have either been laid or to be laid. The

    contention of Opposite Party No.4 that already three towers have been

    installed over the land in village Sabalabhanga Jungle is not denied by

    the Petitioners.

    13. The geographical map as produced by both parties in course of

    hearing reveals that between village Balasingha and Saradhapur,

    village Baluakata comes in West direction. To the North West of

    village Baluakata, village Sabalabhanga and Sabalabhanga Jungle lies

    and village Sardhapur is there to the North of village Sabalabhanga.

    Admittedly, village Baluakata, Sabalabhanga and Saradhapur are

    included in the order of the Collector dated 30th October 2025. It is

    specifically mentioned in the Gazette Notification that the

    transmission line covered under the Scheme will pass through, over,

    around and between such villages listed therein.

    WPC No.180 of 2026 Page 12 of 16
    Signature Not Verified
    Digitally Signed
    Signed by: CHITTA RANJAN BISWAL
    Reason: Authentication
    Location: Orissa High Court, Cuttack.

    Date: 27-Apr-2026 20:22:11

    14. It goes without saying that the project of drawing transmission

    line is utmost public importance and in the interest of larger public.

    The terms and conditions as provided in the Gazette Notification read

    with the order of the Collector dated 30th October 2025 includes the

    condition that the licensee shall do as little damage as possible and

    shall pay full compensation to all persons interested for any damage

    sustained by them by reason of exercise of completion of transmission

    line. Section 10(b) of the Telegraph Act makes it clear that while

    acquiring the power to lay down telegraph lines, the appropriate

    Government does not acquire any right other than that of user in the

    property and it obliges the authority to ensure to cause as little damage

    as possible along with payment of full compensation to the person

    interested for any damage sustained. However, in the given facts of

    the present case, almost the towers have either been constructed or

    foundation have been made thereof.

    15. It is not the case of the Petitioners that Opposite Party No.4 is

    not empowered to exercise authority in terms of Section 164 of the

    Electricity Act read with the Provisions of the Indian Telegraph Act. It

    needs to be mentioned that such provisions of Indian Telegraph Act,

    which are to be exercised through Section 164 of the Electricity Act

    WPC No.180 of 2026 Page 13 of 16
    Signature Not Verified
    Digitally Signed
    Signed by: CHITTA RANJAN BISWAL
    Reason: Authentication
    Location: Orissa High Court, Cuttack.

    Date: 27-Apr-2026 20:22:11

    with regard to laying of high tension electric line and towers for

    transmission of electricity over the land belonging to private as well

    as Government, undoubtedly, the erection of towers and drawing of

    electric lines would be subject to the right of owner of the land, who

    claimed compensation for such damage sustained by him by the

    reason of lying such high tension electric lines. In other words, the

    lands of the owners are not required for acquisition but only right to

    use is created in favour of the authority to construct and draw electric

    lines. So far as omission of the Petitioners‟ village in the notification

    is concerned, which is the bone of contention of the Petitioners that,

    without the same the authorities cannot draw electric line in their land,

    the same is not found acceptable. The specific language used in the

    Gazette Notification is that the electric line and construction „will pass

    through, over, around and between the villages‟. The phrase “around

    and between” has a wider connotation to include such other village

    coming in between the notified villages or towns. The name of each

    and every village or specific area, through which the line is to be laid

    would form a part of the alignment route, is not required necessarily

    to be mentioned with details in the notice or notification. The purpose

    of notification is to broadly describe the area through which the

    proposed overhead transmission line would pass. So, the words

    WPC No.180 of 2026 Page 14 of 16
    Signature Not Verified
    Digitally Signed
    Signed by: CHITTA RANJAN BISWAL
    Reason: Authentication
    Location: Orissa High Court, Cuttack.

    Date: 27-Apr-2026 20:22:11

    “around and between” include, in the opinion of this Court, the

    adjacent villages of a notified village. As stated earlier and seen from

    the geographical map, when village Sabalabhanga Jungle is adjacent

    to village Sabalabhanga and falls in between the route from Baluakata

    to Sabalabhanga and to Sardhapur, non-mentioning of village

    Sabalabhanga Jungle does not materially affect drawl of overhead

    transmission line. Of course, the owner for such lands are entitled for

    receipt of full compensation in respect of the damage, if any,

    sustained by them due to the erection of tower and drawing of high

    tension electric lines. Thus, all such contentions raised by the

    Petitioners to protest the drawing of overhead electric lines in village

    Sabalabhanga Jungle are unwarranted and unnecessary.

    16. The other contention of the Petitioners regarding approval of

    Power and Telecommunication Coordination Committee (PTCC) is

    not justified. It is for the reason that as per PTCC Manual, 2010, the

    route map with topographical details are required to be submitted

    before charging transmission line and such stage has not appeared yet.

    No justification put forth by the Petitioners to deny the alignment

    route of drawing of electric transmission lines as not the most

    optimum route or unsuitable, and the Petitioners are also not

    WPC No.180 of 2026 Page 15 of 16
    Signature Not Verified
    Digitally Signed
    Signed by: CHITTA RANJAN BISWAL
    Reason: Authentication
    Location: Orissa High Court, Cuttack.

    Date: 27-Apr-2026 20:22:11

    authorized to object the drawl of transmission line. At the same time,

    if any damage is caused to the owners of the properties due to drawing

    of transmission line or erection of towers, they are certainly entitled

    for appropriate compensation.

    17. In the result, the writ petition is disposed of rejecting the prayer

    of the Petitioners, with direction that for such damages caused, if any,

    by drawing the electric transmission line or erection of towers in any

    private land of village Sabalabhanga Jungle, the authority should pay

    appropriate compensation to them accordingly.

    ( B.P. Routray)
    Judge

    C.R.Biswal, A.R.-cum-Sr.Seretary
    M.K.Panda, P.A.

    WPC No.180 of 2026 Page 16 of 16



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