Pramod Gupta vs State Of Chhattisgarh on 14 May, 2026

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    Chattisgarh High Court

    Pramod Gupta vs State Of Chhattisgarh on 14 May, 2026

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                                                                           2026:CGHC:22776
    
    
                                                                                         NAFR
    AVINASH
    SHARMA                       HIGH COURT OF CHHATTISGARH AT BILASPUR
    Digitally signed
    by AVINASH
    SHARMA
    Date: 2026.05.20
                                                WPC No. 2448 of 2026
    15:30:39 +0530
    
                       1 - Pramod Gupta S/o Late Shri J.P. Gupta Aged About 65 Years R/o
                       Village Chicholi-Khaira, Tahsil Nandghad, P.S. Nandghat District
                       Bemetara (C.G.), At Present- Sheela Parisar Phase-2, Bharati Nagar,
                       Bilaspur, Distt. Bilaspur (C.G.)
                                                                               ... Petitioner(s)
                                                            versus
                       1 - State Of Chhattisgarh Through The Secretary, Department Of
                       Energy, Mahanadi Bhawan, Atal Nagar, Nawa Raipur, District- Raipur
                       (C.G.)
                       2         -         Collector         District      Bemetara          (C.G.)
                       3 - Chhattisgarh State Power Distribution Company Limited (Cspdcl)
                       Through Its Managing Director, Danganiya, Raipur (C.G.)
                       4 - Executive Engineer Cspdcl, District Bemetara (C.G.)
                       5 - Junior Engineer Cspdcl, Nandghat, District Bemetara (C.G.)
                                                                                ... Respondent(s)

    For Petitioner(s) : Shri Syed Afaque Hussain Rizvi,
    Advocate.

    For State/respondent : Dr. Arham Siddiqui, PL.

    SPONSORED

    For respective respondent : Shri K Rohan, Advocate.

    Hon’ble Mr. Justice Amitendra Kishore Prasad

    Order on Board
    14/05/2026

    1. The Petitioner is the owner of agricultural land bearing Khasra

    No.183/1, 186/1, 187/1, 19/2 and 20 in Village Khaira and

    Chicholi, Tehsil Nandghat, District Bemetara (C.G.), on which

    respondent Nos. 3 to 5 (CSPDCL) have illegally erected

    electrically charge pole without prior notice, consent, or

    compliance with the mandatory conditions issued by the State

    Government. Through this writ petition, the petitioner seeks the
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    following reliefs : –

    10.1 Issue a writ, order, or direction in
    the nature of Mandamus declaring that
    the action of Respondent No. 5 in
    erecting the electric pole on the
    Petitioner’s private land is ultra vires to
    the mandates of the Electricity Act,
    2003
    , and the Works of Licensees
    Rules, 2006, having been performed
    without the authority of law and in total
    disregard of statutory procedures.
    10.2 Issue a writ in the nature of
    Mandamus directing the Respondents to
    immediately remove the electric pole
    and associated high-tension wires from
    the Petitioner’s land as described in
    Annexure P-1 and P-2, and restore the
    land to its original cultivable state.
    10.3 Direct the respondent authorities
    adequate compensation to grant/pay to
    the petitioner in accordance with law
    and procedure.

    10.4 Direct Respondent No. 2 to decide
    the representation of the Petitioner
    dated 07.04.2026 (Annexure P-5) within
    a specific time-bound period, keeping in
    view the statutory violations committed
    by the subordinate authorities.
    10.5 Any other relief which this Hon’ble
    Court deems fit and proper in the facts
    and circumstances of the case be also
    granted to the petitioner.

    2. The brief facts of the case are that the Petitioner is the absolute

    owner and cultivator of agricultural lands situated at villages

    Khaira and Chicholi, bearing Khasra Nos. 183/1, 186/1, 187/1,

    19/2 & 20, PC No.20, R.I. Circle & Tehsil Nandghat, District

    Bemetara (C.G.). Without issuing any notice, obtaining prior
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    consent, or following due process of law, Respondent No.5 –

    Junior Engineer, Chhattisgarh State Power Distribution Company

    Limited (CSPDCL) illegally entered the Petitioner’s private

    agricultural land and erected high-tension electricity poles in the

    middle of the fields. The said act amounts to blatant trespass and

    unauthorized interference with the Petitioner’s property.

    Photographs evidencing the illegal installation are annexed as

    Annexure P-3. The installation has been carried out in complete

    violation of the statutory mandate contained in Rule 3(1) of the

    Works of Licensees Rules, 2006, which requires prior consent of

    the owner or occupier before carrying out any works on private

    land. The erection of the electrically charged pole in the center of

    the agricultural field has caused serious obstruction in agricultural

    operations, particularly in the use of mechanized farming

    equipment. The presence of the live pole also poses a constant

    threat to the life and safety of the Petitioner and his agricultural

    laborers. Aggrieved by the illegal action, the Petitioner submitted a

    representation dated 28.01.2026 before Respondent No.5

    (Annexure P-4), seeking immediate removal of the pole. However,

    no action was taken. Thereafter, the Petitioner submitted a further

    representation dated 07.04.2026 before the Collector, District

    Bemetara (Annexure P-5), requesting appropriate intervention.

    Despite the same, the Respondents failed to conduct any

    technical feasibility survey or prepare a panchnama in the

    presence of the Petitioner, as is the standard procedure before
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    installation of infrastructure on private agricultural land. It is

    submitted that sufficient government land and alternative

    alignments are available nearby where the pole could have been

    installed without encroaching upon the Petitioner’s productive

    agricultural land. The arbitrary decision to install the pole in the

    center of the Petitioner’s field demonstrates non-application of

    mind and abuse of statutory powers. The Petitioner is a small-

    scale farmer whose sole source of livelihood depends upon the

    said land. Due to the illegal encroachment, a substantial portion of

    the field has been rendered unfit for effective cultivation and future

    agricultural development. Despite repeated representations and

    the lapse of considerable time, the Respondents have failed to

    discharge their statutory obligations, compelling the Petitioner to

    invoke the extraordinary jurisdiction of this Hon’ble Court under

    Article 226 of the Constitution of India. Hence, the present writ

    petition.

    3. Learned counsel for the petitioner submits that the construction

    activity being undertaken by respondent Nos. 3 to 5 (CSPDCL) for

    installing transmission towers on the agricultural land of petitioner

    is patently illegal, unconstitutional, and violative of both Central

    and State Government mandates designed to protect rights of

    landowners. The respondents entered the land of petitioner

    without any notice, survey, or consent and began erecting

    electricity poles in the agricultural land of the petitioner.
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    4. Learned counsel for the petitioner further submits that because

    the Respondents have acted in clear contravention of Rule 3(4) of

    the Works of Licensees Rules, 2006, which mandates that where

    the owner or occupier does not grant consent, the licensee must

    apply to the District Magistrate or any other officer authorized by

    the State Government for appropriate permission. In the present

    case, no such application was ever made by Respondent

    authorities, prior to forcibly installing the electricity pole on the

    Petitioner’s land. The entire action is therefore procedurally illegal

    and void ab initio. The installation of the pole in the middle of the

    Petitioner’s cultivated agricultural field is arbitrary, unreasonable,

    and reflects complete non-application of mind. The Respondents

    deliberately chose a location causing maximum inconvenience

    and hardship to the Petitioner, despite availability of alternative

    alignments and nearby government land. The failure of

    Respondent No.2 – Collector, District Bemetara, to act upon the

    Petitioner’s representation amounts to abdication of statutory and

    administrative duty. The grievance raised involves serious issues

    of public safety, property rights, and violation of statutory

    safeguards. The continued inaction is arbitrary and violative of

    Article 14 of the Constitution of India. The action of the

    Respondents is in violation of Section 10(d) of the Indian

    Telegraph Act, 1885, which clearly mandates that the authority

    shall cause as little damage as possible and shall pay full

    compensation to all persons interested for any damage sustained
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    by exercise of such powers. By installing the pole in the center of

    a productive agricultural field and rendering a substantial portion

    of land unfit for mechanized cultivation, the Respondents have

    failed to minimize damage and have not paid any compensation

    whatsoever. It is well settled by various High Courts and the

    Hon’ble Supreme Court that the power to lay transmission lines or

    erect poles does not confer any ownership rights over the land

    upon the licensee. Such statutory power must be exercised

    reasonably, fairly, and without arbitrariness. The Respondents

    have exercised their powers in an oppressive and high-handed

    manner. He submits that Section 16(1) of the Indian Telegraph

    Act, 1885 provides that in case of resistance or obstruction, the

    District Magistrate may, in his discretion, pass appropriate orders

    permitting the telegraph authority to exercise its powers. In the

    present case, there was no prior resistance nor any adjudication

    by the District Magistrate. The Respondents completely bypassed

    this statutory safeguard and unilaterally proceeded with

    installation, rendering the action illegal and unsustainable in law.

    The impugned action of the Respondents violates the Petitioner’s

    constitutional right to property under Article 300A of the

    Constitution of India, as deprivation or interference with property

    can only be in accordance with procedure established by law,

    which has admittedly not been followed in the present case.

    Hence, the present writ petition deserves to be allowed.

    5. Learned counsel for the respondents submits that the argument
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    raised by the learned counsel for petitioner regarding the

    necessity of his consent before the commencement of work on his

    land is legally untenable. According to the provisions of the

    Electricity Act, 2003, and Section 10 of the Telegraph Act, 1885,

    prior consent from the landowner is not a requisite for the erection

    of transmission lines. The work at hand pertains to a power

    transmission project of national importance, and as such, no prior

    notice or consent is necessary for erecting poles or constructing

    towers. This is well-established by various case laws, which are

    set out below. The present case is squarely covered by the order

    passed by this Hon’ble Court in W.P.(C) No. 1538/2025 in the

    matter of Manikant Agrawal and Ors. v. State of CG and Ors.,

    wherein this Court, by its final order dated 02/04/2025, granted

    liberty to the landowners to raise their grievances before

    appropriate forums. This case, involving similar circumstances

    and the same project, has already been decided, and the present

    petition should therefore be dismissed in light of the earlier order.

    The objection of the learned counsel for the petitioner that the

    construction is illegal and unauthorized is also contrary to law. The

    State Government, by its Notification dated 13/12/2006, has

    issued general authorization in favor of the officers of the

    Chhattisgarh State Electricity Board (now CSPDCL, CSPTCL,

    etc.), under Section 164 of the Electricity Act, 2003. This

    authorizes the officers to act as the Telegraph Authority and carry

    out the work of laying electricity transmission lines. Therefore, the
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    contention of learned counsel for petitioner regarding

    unauthorized entry and construction is unfounded. The private

    interest of petitioner cannot outweigh the larger public interest in

    the successful implementation of such a vital national

    infrastructure project. This principle is supported by decisions of

    Hon’ble Supreme Court in case of Power Grid Corpn. of India

    Ltd. v. Century Textiles & Industries Ltd., reported in (2017) 5

    SCC 143, in case of Century Rayon Limited v. IVP Limited,

    reported in (2021) 20 SCC 758 and the decision of Division Bench

    of this Court in case of Reshma Gulabani v. State of

    Chhattisgarh and Ors. passed in W.A. No. 395/2013. The

    argument raised by learned counsel for petitioner that the

    construction work cannot proceed until compensation is received

    is legally incorrect. According to the ruling of Supreme Court in

    Indore Development Authority v. Manoharlal, reported in

    (2020) 8 SCC 129, the offer or tendering of compensation is

    deemed equivalent to the actual payment. Therefore, the

    objection raised by the petitioner lacks merit and should not be

    entertained.

    6. I have heard the learned counsel for the parties at length and

    carefully perused the documents placed on record with utmost

    circumspection.

    7. Upon reviewing the submissions advanced by the learned counsel

    for the respective parties, it is apparent that while the respondent
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    authorities are required to inform the petitioner prior to entering

    upon his land for the erection of the electrical tower, it is pertinent

    to note that, as per the applicable regulations, specifically under

    the provisions of the Electricity Act, 2003, and Section 10 of the

    Telegraph Act, 1885, the prior consent of the landowner is not

    required for the erection of transmission lines. Power transmission

    is a project of national importance, and thus, no notice or

    permission is mandated before the erection of poles or the

    construction of any tower. Furthermore, the State Government

    issued a notification dated 13.12.2006, which grants a general

    authorization in favor of CSPTCL. Pursuant to Section 164 of the

    Electricity Act, 2003, officers of CSPTCL are empowered to

    exercise the authority of the Telegraph Authority in undertaking the

    installation of electricity lines. The contention of the petitioner that

    his land should not be utilized for the installation of transmission

    towers cannot be upheld, given the national significance of

    establishing towers for the supply of electricity to the entire nation.

    It is noteworthy that Chhattisgarh serves as a power hub, and

    both the generation and supply of electricity from this state are of

    paramount importance. It is crucial to emphasize that CSPDCL

    will not claim ownership of any part of the land where the electrical

    tower is situated, as the ownership remains with the petitioner,

    who retains title over the land. Only the portion of the land utilized

    for the installation of the electricity tower will be used by CSPDCL,

    without any further encumbrances.

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    8. In this context, it is instructive to refer to the ruling of the Hon’ble

    Supreme Court in Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd.

    (Supra), wherein the following was held:

    “30. The appellant in this case also
    raised the issue of obtaining prior
    consent from the landowner before
    laying electricity transmission lines.
    This argument has been rejected [as
    discussed in paras 1 to 28, above] by
    us, while addressing the appeal of
    Century Textiles & Industries Limited.
    Consequently, this appeal is also
    dismissed.”

    9. Furthermore, in the case of Century Rayon Limited (Supra), the

    Hon’ble Supreme Court observed:

    “11. The decision in Power Grid
    Corporation of India Ltd.
    case
    underscores the necessity and urgency
    of unobstructed access for laying
    electricity transmission lines in the
    larger public interest, as these lines are
    vital for the country’s growth, economic
    development, and the well-being of its
    citizens.”

    10. Similarly, the Division Bench of this Court in the case of

    Reshma Gulabani (supra) stated as follows :

    “14. The transmission of electricity
    is a national necessity, and the
    laying down of transmission lines
    serves the public interest. In this
    instance, the transmission line is
    passing over the crushing unit.
    The appellant is entitled to
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    compensation, but no injunction
    can be granted.

    15. The writ appeal lacks merit
    and is therefore dismissed.”

    11. In light of the facts and circumstances of the present case, as

    well as the legal precedents set forth by the Hon’ble Supreme

    Court, it is abundantly clear that prior consent from the landowner

    is not a requisite for the installation of electricity transmission

    lines. The laying down of such lines serves a broader public

    interest, fulfilling essential requirements for the growth and

    development of the nation. The landowner is entitled solely to

    compensation and not to an injunction. The authorities cannot be

    hindered in their efforts to construct transmission towers for the

    transmission of electricity. Therefore, the respondents are

    directed to provide adequate compensation to the petitioner,

    following a hearing with the petitioner, and the petitioner is hereby

    directed not to undertake any actions that would impede the

    construction of the electricity transmission towers. The reliefs, as

    sought by the petitioner, cannot be granted.

    12. With this observation/direction, this writ petition stands disposed

    of. The petitioner is at liberty to file suitable application before the

    competent authority for grant of compensation.

    Sd/-

    (Amitendra Kishore Prasad)
    Judge
    Avinash



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