Ramanaidu Cheepurupalli vs The State Of Andhra Pradesh on 20 April, 2026

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    Andhra Pradesh High Court – Amravati

    Ramanaidu Cheepurupalli vs The State Of Andhra Pradesh on 20 April, 2026

    APHC010575392024
                        IN THE HIGH COURT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
                                      AT AMARAVATI                     [3521]
                               (Special Original Jurisdiction)
    
                       MONDAY,THE TWENTIETH DAY OF APRIL
                         TWO THOUSAND AND TWENTY SIX
    
                                    PRESENT
    
              THE HONOURABLE DR JUSTICE Y. LAKSHMANA RAO
    
                         CRIMINAL PETITION NO: 9286/2024
    
    Between:
    
      1. RAMANAIDU CHEEPURUPALLI,, S/O. SIMHACHALAM AGED 57
         YEARS, R/O. H. NO. 21-09-13E MADHARANAGAR VIJAYAWADA
    
      2. BUSI VIJAYA KUMARI, W/O. SUDHAKAR BABU AGED 48 YEARS
         R/O. H. NO. 31-24-189  KATURIVARI VEEDHI MACHAVARAM
         VIJAYAWADA
    
                                                ...PETITIONER/ACCUSED(S)
    
                                      AND
    
      1. THE STATE OF ANDHRA PRADESH, THROUGH SHO,
         MACHAVARAM P.S REP. BY ITS PUBLIC PROSECUTOR, HIGH
         COURT OF ANDHRA PRADESH.        AMARAVATHI, GUNTUR
         DISTRICT.
    
      2. BUSI PRABHAKAR BABU, S/O. LATE ANJANEYULU, AGED ABOUT
         38 YEARS, OCC- RAILWAY EMPLOYEE, R/O. D. NO. 31-24-189,
         KATURIVARI STREET, MACHAVARAM TOWN OF VIJAYAWADA
         CITY, KRISHNA DISTRICT.
    
                                        ...RESPONDENT/COMPLAINANT(S):
    
          to Quash the proceedings in FIR No. 170 of 2022 of Machavaram Police
    Station, Vijayawada City, Krishna District and pass
    
    Counsel for the Petitioner/accused(S):
    
      1. D.RAVINDRA NADH REDDY
    
    Counsel for the Respondent/complainant(S):
                                            2
                                                                                  Dr.YLR, J
                                                                     Crl.P.No.9286 of 2024
                                                                          Dated 20.04.2026
    
         1. KARTHIKEYAN BALA SUNDARA MANIKANTAN
    
         2. PUBLIC PROSECUTOR
    
    The Court made the following:
    
    ORDER:

    The Criminal Petition is filed under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal

    Procedure, 1973 (for brevity, “the Cr.P.C.”)/Section 528 of the Bharatiya

    SPONSORED

    Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (for brevity, “the BNSS”), seeking to quash

    the proceedings against the petitioners/Accused Nos. 1 and 2 in Crime No.

    170 of 2022 of Machavaram Police Station, Vijayawada, Krishna District,

    registered for the alleged offences punishable under Sections 328 and 115

    read with Section 120-B of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (for brevity, “the

    I.P.C.”).

    2. On 11.03.2022, one Boosi Akkamma lodged a report, which was

    registered as a case in Crime No. 99 of 2022 under the head “man missing.”

    The missing person was Boosi Sudhakar, who is the son of the said Boosi

    Akkamma.

    3. On 07.05.2022, Respondent No. 2, namely Boosi Prabhakar Babu,

    lodged a complaint, which was registered as a case in Crime No. 170 of 2022

    for the alleged offences punishable under Sections 328 and 115 read with

    Section 120-B of the I.P.C.

    4. The learned Counsel for the Petitioner submits that the offences alleged

    in the two FIRs relate to the very same incident and transaction. Placing
    3
    Dr.YLR, J
    Crl.P.No.9286 of 2024
    Dated 20.04.2026

    reliance on the judgment of the High Court of Telangana in Akbaruddin

    Owaisi v. State of Andhra Pradesh1 which in turn relied upon the decision in

    T.T. Antony v. State of Kerala2, it is submitted that registration of a second

    or subsequent FIRs in respect of the same transactions, whether for the same

    or different offences, is impermissible and violative of Article 21 of the

    Constitution of India.

    5. It is opposite to refer to the judgment of the Hon‟ble Apex Court in T.T

    Antony 2nd supra wherein at para Nos.27, 28 and 35 it is held that the Court

    held that while the police have power under Section 173(8) of „the Cr.P.C.,‟ to

    conduct further investigation, registering a second or successive FIR in

    respect of the same incident or transaction is impermissible and amounts to

    an abuse of the investigative process. Any additional material or findings

    ought to be incorporated only by seeking leave of the Court and filing a further

    report in the original FIR, and not by initiating a fresh investigation through a

    new FIR. Accordingly, the second FIR and the investigation pursuant thereto

    were quashed, while leaving it open to the investigating agency to seek

    permission for further investigation in the earlier cases in accordance with law.

    6. It is further relevant to mentioned that the judgment of Hon‟ble Apex

    Court in Arnab Ranjan Goswami v. Union of India3 wherein at para Nos.59

    and 61.5 it is held that the Court noted that multiple FIRs and complaints were

    filed against the Petitioner across several States and Union Territories in
    1
    MANU/TL/2544/2022
    2
    (2001) 6 SCC 181
    3
    2020 SCC OnLine SC 462
    4
    Dr.YLR, J
    Crl.P.No.9286 of 2024
    Dated 20.04.2026

    respect of the same cause of action. By an interim order dated 24.04.2020,

    the Hon‟ble Apext Court stayed further proceedings in all FIRs and complaints

    except the one originally registered at Police Station Sadar, Nagpur, which

    was later transferred to N.M. Joshi Marg Police Station, Mumbai. Accepting

    the submission of the learned Senior Counsel, the Court held that fairness in

    the administration of criminal justice warranted exercise of jurisdiction to

    prevent multiplicity of proceedings. Relying on the law laid down in T.T.

    Antony supra, the Hon‟ble Apex Court reiterated that successive FIRs or

    complaints founded on the same transaction are not maintainable.

    Consequently, all FIRs and complaints enumerated, except the one under

    investigation at Mumbai, were quashed.

    7. In Babubhai v. State of Gujarat 4 , at paragraph No.14, the Hon‟ble

    Apex Court, relying on T.T. Antony supra, reiterated that the registration of a

    second FIR in respect of the same cognizable offence or the same occurrence

    is legally impermissible, holding that all subsequent information relating to the

    same incident must be treated only as statements under Section 162 of „the

    Cr.P.C.‟ The Hon‟ble Apex Court emphasized that the investigating agency is

    obliged to proceed solely on the basis of the first information recorded under

    Section 158 of „the Cr.P.C.,‟ and to investigate not only the offences reported

    therein but also any connected offences arising from the same transaction,

    culminating in a report under Section 173 of „the Cr.P.C.‟ Even after

    4
    (2010) 12 SCC 254
    5
    Dr.YLR, J
    Crl.P.No.9286 of 2024
    Dated 20.04.2026

    submission of the report under Section 173(2) of „the Cr.P.C.,‟ any further

    material pertaining to the same incident may be investigated only by

    undertaking further investigation under Section 173(8) of „the Cr.P.C.,‟

    preferably with leave of the Court. The Hon‟ble Apex Court clarified that

    receipt of multiple pieces of information relating to the same incident does not

    justify registration of additional FIRs, as such subsequent information cannot

    constitute fresh FIRs and doing so would offend the scheme of „the Cr.P.C.‟

    8. In Upkar Singh v. Ved Prakash5, the Hon‟ble Supreme Court clarified

    that its earlier decision in T.T. Antony supra, does not preclude the

    registration of a counter-case. The Court explained that T.T. Antony supra

    merely prohibits the lodging of any subsequent complaint by the same

    complainant or others against the same accused relating to the same incident

    once investigation has commenced, as such later complaints would constitute

    an impermissible improvement upon the facts of the original complaint,

    thereby attracting the bar under Section 162 of „the Cr.P.C.‟ This embargo,

    however, was held to be inapplicable to a counter-complaint filed by the

    accused in the first incident, or on his behalf, presenting a different version of

    the occurrence; such a counter-case remains legally maintainable as it

    represents an independent narrative and not a reiteration or embellishment of

    the initial allegations.

    5
    (2004) 13 SCC 292
    6
    Dr.YLR, J
    Crl.P.No.9286 of 2024
    Dated 20.04.2026

    9. In C. Muniappan v. State of T.N 6 , the Hon‟ble Apex Court held at

    paragraph No.37 that the contention that two crimes, bearing Nos.188 and

    190 of 2000, could not be clubbed together was devoid of merit, as the totality

    of the circumstances and the sequence of events clearly established that the

    second incident was merely a consequential fallout of the first. The Court

    observed that, upon considering the evidence of the drivers, conductors, and

    cleaners of the vehicles involved in the first occurrence, along with the

    testimony of the Village Administrative Officer (PW-87), it became evident that

    the damage caused to public transport vehicles and the subsequent burning of

    the University bus formed parts of a single continuous incident. Thus, the

    mere lodging of two separate complaints did not preclude the clubbing of the

    cases or the filing of a consolidated charge-sheet.

    10. In Chirra Shivraj v. State of A.P 7 , the Hon‟ble Supreme Court

    reiterated at paragraph No.14 that the concept of a First Information Report

    necessarily connotes the earliest information received by the police relating to

    the commission of an offence, and that no second FIR can be registered in

    respect of the very same incident or occurrence. The Court held that any

    subsequent information received by the investigating agency, even if it

    supplements or elaborates upon the earlier facts, must be treated only as

    material in continuation of the original FIR, since all such information is

    6
    (2010) 9 SCC 567
    7
    (2010) 14 SCC 444
    7
    Dr.YLR, J
    Crl.P.No.9286 of 2024
    Dated 20.04.2026

    inherently in furtherance of the first report and cannot give rise to a fresh FIR

    concerning the same offence or event.

    11. In Anju Chaudhary v. State of U.P 8 , the Hon‟ble Supreme Court

    emphasized the intrinsic legal significance of a First Information Report,

    describing it as the foundational document that sets the criminal law

    machinery in motion and forms the basis of the prosecution‟s case. The Court

    observed that while multiple pieces of information may be furnished to the

    officer-in-charge concerning the same incident involving one or more

    cognizable offences, such subsequent information constitutes statements

    under Section 162 of „the Cr.P.C.,‟ and does not justify the registration of

    additional FIRs. For determining the legality of more than one FIR, the Court

    held that the “test of sameness” must be applied to ascertain whether the FIRs

    relate to the very same incident or occurrence, or whether they pertain to

    distinct incidents or different parts of a larger transaction. If both FIRs satisfy

    the test of sameness, the latter would be liable to be quashed; however,

    where the subsequent FIR discloses a distinct version or pertains to an

    entirely separate incident, its registration is legally permissible, consistent with

    the principles earlier enunciated in Babubhai supra.

    12. In Kashi Nath Choudhary v. State of Bihar 9, the High Court of Patna,

    applying the principles laid down by the Hon‟ble Supreme Court in T.T.

    Antonysupra, held that the investigation pursuant to the second FIR,

    8
    (2013) 6 SCC 384
    9
    2007 SCC OnLine Pat 116
    8
    Dr.YLR, J
    Crl.P.No.9286 of 2024
    Dated 20.04.2026

    Begusarai P.S. Case No.274 of 2004, was unwarranted, as it pertained to the

    very same incident and facts forming the subject matter of the earlier FIR. The

    Court, however, clarified that this bar does not curtail the power of the

    investigating agency to conduct further investigation or to proceed against any

    additional persons whose involvement may surface during investigation or

    trial. Consequently, the order of cognizance in Begusarai Town P.S. Case

    No.274 of 2004 was quashed insofar as it related to the petitioner, subject to

    the observations made therein.

    13. In Subhash Narayan Koli v. State of Maharashtra10, the High Court of

    Bombay held that a second FIR cannot be registered in respect of the same

    cognizable offence or the same incident. The Court noted that, on the facts of

    the case, the applicants had already been shown as accused in Crime

    Register No.56 of 2006 at Bajarpeth Police Station for the recovery of

    contraband from premises at Jainabad, Walmikinagar, Jalgaon, and yet, for

    the very same seizure, they were again arrayed as accused in Crime Register

    No.19 of 2006 at Shanipeth Police Station, Jalgaon. The Court held that such

    duplication of FIRs for the same occurrence is impermissible in law.

    14. In the instant case, Crime No. 99 of 2022 was registered under the

    head “man missing.” While the said complaint was still pending, Respondent

    No. 2 submitted another complaint to the Station House Officer, Machavaram

    Police Station. The Station House Officer ought to have treated the said

    10
    2010 SCC OnLine Bom 1164
    9
    Dr.YLR, J
    Crl.P.No.9286 of 2024
    Dated 20.04.2026

    complaint as a statement recorded under Section 161 of the Cr.P.C. Instead

    of doing so, and contrary to the dictum laid down by the settled jurisprudence

    of the Hon‟ble Apex Court in T.T. Antony supra, Babubhai supra, Arnab

    Ranjan Goswami supra, and as reaffirmed in Chirra Shivraj supra and Anju

    Chaudhary supra unequivocally establishes that successive FIRs arising from

    the same incident or transaction are impermissible in law, as they offend the

    scheme of „the Cr.P.C.,‟ and violate Article 21 of the Constitution. The Hon‟ble

    Apex Court has consistently held that subsequent complaints must be treated

    only as statements under Section 162 of „the Cr.P.C.,‟ and any further

    investigation must be undertaken under Section 173(8) of „the Cr.P.C.,‟ with

    leave of the Court, rather than by initiating fresh FIRs. The High Courts,

    including those of Telangana, Patna, and Bombay, have applied these

    principles to quash duplicative FIRs, emphasizing the “test of sameness” as

    the touchstone. Applying these precedents registering another FIR based on

    the complaint of Respondent No. 2, i.e., Crime No. 170 of 2022. Therefore,

    the subsequent FIR in Crime No. 170 of 2022 is liable to be quashed and the

    complaint therein is to be treated as a statement under Section 161 of „the

    Cr.P.C.,‟ in Crime No. 99 of 2022.

    15. Accordingly, the Criminal Petition is disposed of by quashing Crime No.

    170 of 2022 of Machavaram Police Station. The Investigating Officer is

    directed to treat the complaint of Respondent No. 2 as a statement under

    Section 161 of „the Cr.P.C.,‟ and to conduct the investigation in Crime No. 99
    10
    Dr.YLR, J
    Crl.P.No.9286 of 2024
    Dated 20.04.2026

    of 2022. The Investigating Officer shall file appropriate proceedings before the

    learned jurisdictional Magistrate within a reasonable period and submit a

    report to that effect to the Commissioner of Police, Vijayawada. All the

    material collected, documents gathered, and investigation conducted in Crime

    No. 170 of 2022 shall be treated as part of the record in Crime No. 99 of 2022

    for all practical purposes.

    16. With the above observations and directions, the Criminal Petition is

    disposed of.

    As a sequel, miscellaneous petitions, if any pending shall stand closed.

    _________________________
    DR. Y. LAKSHMANA RAO, J
    Date: 20.04.2026
    KMS
    11
    Dr.YLR, J
    Crl.P.No.9286 of 2024
    Dated 20.04.2026

    163

    THE HONOURABLE DR JUSTICE Y. LAKSHMANA RAO

    CRIMINAL PETITION No.9286 of 2024

    Date:20.04.2026

    KMS



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