B. Chakrapani vs Boda Satyakumari And 3 Others on 7 July, 2026

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    Telangana High Court

    B. Chakrapani vs Boda Satyakumari And 3 Others on 7 July, 2026

          IN THE HIGH COURT FOR THE STATE OF TELANGANA
                          AT HYDERABAD
    
         THE HON'BLE SRI JUSTICE VAKITI RAMAKRISHNA REDDY
    
                  M.A.C.M.A.Nos.3447 AND 3734 of 2012
    
                             Date: 07.07.2026
    
                       M.A.C.M.A.No.3447 of 2012
    Between:
    B.Chakrapani                                          ....Appellant
                                    AND
    Boda Satyakumari and others                         ...Respondents
    
                       M.A.C.M.A.No.3734 of 2012
    Between:
    Boda Satyakumari and others                          ....Appellants
    
                                    AND
    B. Charkarapni and another                         ....Respondents
    
    COMMON JUDGMENT:

    These two appeals arise out of the order and decree dated

    30.08.2012 passed by the learned Motor Accidents Claims Tribunal

    SPONSORED

    (Judge, Family Court-cum-Additional District Judge), Khammam

    (for short, “the learned Tribunal”) in M.V.O.P. No.54 of 2010.

    2. M.A.C.M.A. No.3447 of 2012 has been filed by respondent

    No.1 before the learned Tribunal, being the owner of the offending

    vehicle, questioning the liability fastened upon him to satisfy the

    award passed by the learned Tribunal, whereas M.A.C.M.A.

    No.3734 of 2012 has been preferred by the claimants seeking
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    enhancement of the compensation awarded by the learned

    Tribunal.

    3. Since both the appeals arise out of the same order and

    decree and pertain to the same motor vehicle accident and the

    award passed thereon, they were head together and are being

    disposed of by this common judgment.

    4. For the sake of convenience, the parties hereinafter be

    referred to as they were arrayed before the learned Tribunal.

    BRIEF FACTS:

    5. The brief facts of the case, as borne out from the available

    record are as under:

    A) The claimants being the wife, un-married daughter and

    mother of late Boda Soloman Raju (hereinafter referred to as “the

    deceased”), filed a claim petition under Section 166 of the Motor

    Vehicles Act, 1988 against the respondents claiming compensation

    of Rs.8,00,000/- on account of the death of the deceased in a

    motor vehicle accident that occurred on 28.05.2005.

    B) The deceased was employed as a General Mazdoor in the

    Senior Auto Workshop of Singareni Collieries Company Limited

    (‘SCCL’), Kothagudem. On 28.05.2005, at about 7.45 PM, while the

    deceased was proceeding from his residence on a Hero Honda
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    Splendor Motorcycle bearing registration No.AP-20-T/R-AA-5410,

    to deliver food to his mother, and when he reached near the

    C.M.P.F. Office of the SCCL, Kothagudem on B.T Road, another

    Hero Honda Splendor Motorcycle bearing registration No.AP-20/H-

    3486 (hereinafter referred to as ‘the offending vehicle’), ridden by in

    a rash and negligent manner and at a high speed came from the

    opposite direction and collided with the motorcycle of the deceased.

    As a result of the impact, the deceased sustained grievous injuries,

    injuries to his right forehead, fracture of right frontal bone above

    the right eye, fracture of skull and multiple bleeding injuries all

    over the body.

    C) Immediately after the accident, the deceased was shifted to

    Singareni Collieries Company Limited, Main Hospital, Kothagudem

    for treatment. While undergoing treatment, he succumbed to the

    injuries on the same day at about 11.45 P.M. The motorcycle of

    the deceased was also completely damaged and the pillion rider of

    offending vehicle by name Suresh Kumar, also sustained grievous

    injuries.

    D) On the basis of complaint, the Police Kothagudem Town-I

    Police Station, registered a case vide Crime No.82 of 2005 for the

    offences under Sections 304 (A) and 337 of the IPC. Accordingly to

    the claimants, the deceased was a hale and healthy prior to the
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    accident and was contributing his earnings towards the

    maintenance of the family. His untimely death caused them

    immense mental agony and financial hardship. Accordingly, the

    claimants sought compensation of Rs.8,00,000/-, jointly and

    severally from opposite party Nos.1 and 2, who are the

    owner/insured and insurer of the offending vehicle respectively.

    6. Before the learned Tribunal, respondent No.1 did not file any

    counter and whereas respondent No.2/Insurance Company

    contested the claim by filing a counter inter alia contending that

    the claim made by the claimants was excessive and also disputed

    the age, occupation, avocation, earning capacity, medical

    expenditure incurred and manner of the accident. It was further

    argued that the driver of the offending motorcycle did not possess

    valid driving license at the time of the accident and committed

    breach of conditions, as such, prayed to dismiss the claim petition.

    7. Upon considering the rival contentions and the evidence

    adduced on behalf of both sides, the learned Tribunal partly

    allowed the claim petition awarding compensation of Rs.8,00,000/-

    with 7.5% interest per annum fastening liability upon respondent

    No.1/owner of the offending vehicle alone, while dismissing the

    claim against the respondent No.2/Insurance Company. Aggrieved

    thereby, the claimants filed MACMA No.3734/2012 seeking
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    enhancement of compensation and the respondent N.1/owner of

    the offending vehicle filed MACMA No.3447/2012 challenging the

    liability imposed against him to pay the compensation.

    8. Heard Sri M. Srinivasa Rao, learned counsel representing Sri

    M. Surender Rao, learned counsel for the respondent No.1/owner

    of the offending vehicle, Sri Palle Sriharinath, learned counsel for

    the claimants and Sri Srinivasa Rao Vutla, learned counsel for the

    respondent No.2/Insurance Company. Perused the material

    available on record.

    POINTS FOR DETERMINATION:

    9. In the light of the rival submissions, the following points

    arise for determination:

    (i) Whether the learned Tribunal was justified in holding that

    the accident occurred due to the rash and negligent riding of the

    offending motorcycle?

    (ii) Whether the Tribunal was justified in exonerating

    respondent No.2/Insurance Company from its liability?

    (iii) Whether the compensation awarded by the learned

    Tribunal is just and reasonable, and if not, whether it calls for

    enhancement?

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    ANALYSIS:

    Point Nos. (i) to (iii)

    10. Learned counsel appearing for the respondent No.1

    contended that the learned Tribunal failed to see that there is no

    evidence on record to show that respondent No.1 driven the vehicle

    with rash and negligent manner and hit the vehicle of the

    deceased, more particularly, when there is no other eyewitness to

    speak about the alleged accident except the claimants, who are

    interested witnesses. In this connection, the respondent No.1 filed

    I.A.No.1 of 2025 to receive the copy of the judgment in

    C.C.No.1855/2006 passed by the learned II Additional Judicial

    Magistrate of I Class, Kothagudem, wherein the accused, who is

    the driver of the offending vehicle herein was acquitted of the

    offences alleged against him under Sections 304-A and 338 of the

    Indian Penal Code.

    11. In order to establish that the deceased died in the accident

    due to rash and negligent driving of the offending vehicle by its

    driver, the claimants placed reliance upon the oral evidence of PWs

    1 and 2. PW1 is claimant No.1, who is none other than the wife of

    the deceased. The chief examination affidavit of PW1 is replica of

    the averments made in the claim petition. Though PW1 deposed

    about the manner of the accident that occurred on 28.05.2005, she
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    admitted in her cross-examination that she has not witnessed the

    accident. Thus, PW1 is not an eyewitness to the accident. PW2 is

    alleged to be the eyewitness to the accident that occurred on

    28.05.2005 and he categorically deposed about the manner of the

    accident as stated in the claim petition and also as deposed by

    PW1. PW2 deposed that on 28.05.2005 at about 7.45 PM when he

    was proceeding towards CM PF office, SCCL, Kothagudem, he had

    stopped his motorcycle and was talking with his friend by the side

    of the road. He further deposed that while the deceased Solmon

    Raju was proceeding on his motorcycle bearing registration No. AP

    20 T/R AA 5410, a Hero Honda Motorcycle bearing No. AP 20 H

    3486 coming from Kothagudem going towards Ramavaram dashed

    the motorcycle of the deceased in a rash and negligent manner

    without taking precautionary measures. It was elicited in the cross

    examination of PW2 that he does not know the number of both the

    motorcycles, which were involved in the accident. A suggestion

    was given to PW2 that he was not an eyewitness. Merely because

    an eyewitness could not disclose the registration numbers of the

    vehicles involved in the accident, his evidence cannot be brushed

    aside totally. Moreover, the respondent No.1 did not place any

    record to show that he was not responsible for the occurrence of

    the accident.

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    12. Furthermore, the claimants placed reliance upon

    documentary evidence under Exs.A1 to A4, which are certified

    copies of FIR, charge sheet, postmortem examination report of the

    deceased and report issued by the Motor Vehicle Inspector

    respectively. Ex.A2 discloses the name of PW2 (J. Ram Prasad) as

    eyewitness {List Witness No.5 (LW5)}. Thus, it is clear that PW2

    was an eyewitness to the accident. Though a suggestion was given

    to PW2 that he was not an eyewitness to the accident, he denied

    the said suggestion. As can be seen from Ex.A2, it is clear that the

    Police, Kothagudem I – Town, after due investigation, filed a charge

    sheet against the driver of the offending vehicle i.e., respondent

    No.1 for the offence under Sections 304-A and 338 of the Indian

    Penal Code holding that the accident occurred due to rash and

    negligent driving of the Hero Honda Splendor motorcycle bearing

    registration No. AP 20 H 3486 by its driver. It was further

    observed in Ex.A2 that the accused/respondent No.1 also received

    simple injuries in the said accident.

    13. Further, the respondents have not even made any efforts to

    challenge the charge sheet filed by the concerned police. Moreover,

    it is not mandatory to examine the eyewitness listed in the charge

    sheet to establish the negligence of the offending vehicle in these

    type of cases. It is settled law that charge sheet and FIR are
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    sufficient evidence to prove the negligence, as these type of cases

    are decided on the “preponderance of probabilities,” but not

    “beyond reasonable doubt”. Though the driver of the offending

    vehicle was acquitted of the charges leveled against him vide

    judgment dated 16.07.2007 in C.C.No.1855 of 2006, it is pertinent

    to note that the accused therein was acquitted by extending benefit

    of doubt by considering the contradictory statements given by the

    eyewitnesses. Thus, the judgment dated 16.07.2007 in

    C.C.No.1855 of 2006 is not a clear acquittal case declaring the

    driver of the offending vehicle as innocent.

    14. Even otherwise, it is settled law that strict rules of evidence

    as applicable in a criminal trial are not attracted to proceedings

    under the Motor Vehicles Act. In N.K.V. BROS. (P) LTD. v. M.

    Karumai Ammal and others 1 the Honourable Supreme Court held

    as under:

    “The plea that the criminal case had ended in acquittal and
    that, therefore, the civil suit must follow suit, was rejected and
    rightly. The requirement of culpable rashness under section
    304A
    I.P.C. is more drastic than negligence sufficient under the law of
    tort to create liability. The quantum of compensation was moderately
    fixed and although there was, perhaps a case for enhancement, the
    High Court dismissed the cross-claims also. Being questions of fact,
    we are obviously unwilling to re-open the holdings on culpability and
    compensation.

    Road accidents are one of the top killers in our country,
    specially when truck and bus drivers operate nocturnally. This
    proverbial recklessness often persuades the courts, as has been
    observed by us earlier in other cases, to draw an initial presumption
    in several cases based on the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur. Accidents

    1 (1980) 3 Supreme Court Cases 457
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    Tribunals must take special care to see that innocent victims do not
    suffer and drivers and owners do not escape liability merely because
    of some doubt here or some obscurity there. Save in plain cases,
    culpability must be inferred from the circumstances where it is fairly
    reasonable. The court should not succumb to niceties, technicalities
    and mystic maybes. We are emphasising this aspect because we are
    often distressed by transport operators getting away with it thanks to
    judicial laxity, despite the fact that they do not exercise sufficient
    disciplinary control over the drivers in the matter of careful driving.
    The heavy economic impact of culpable driving of public transport
    must bring owner and driver to their responsibility to their ‘neighbour’.
    Indeed, the State must seriously consider no- fault liability by
    legislation.”

    15. The above view was reiterated by the Honourable Apex Court

    in Mangla Ram v. Oriental Insurance Company Limited 2, wherein it

    was held that the standard of proof in motor accident claims is

    preponderance of probabilities and not proof beyond reasonable

    doubt. Even if the accused is acquitted in criminal case, the

    Tribunal is competent to independently assess the negligence. The

    Court held as follows:

    “Suffice it to observe that the exposition in the judgments
    already adverted to by us, filing of charge sheet against respondent
    No.2 prima facie points towards his complicity in driving the
    vehicle negligently and rashly. Further, even when the accused were
    to be acquitted in the criminal case, this Court opined that the same
    may be of no effect on the assessment of the liability required in
    respect of motor accident cases by the Tribunal.”

    16. Similarly, in Sunita and others v. Rajasthan State Board

    Transport Corporation and others 3 the Honourable Supreme Court

    while re-affirming the principles referred above observed as under:

    “It is thus well settled that in motor accident claim cases, once
    the foundational fact, namely, the actual occurrence of the accident,
    has been established, then the Tribunal’s role would be to calculate
    the quantum of just compensation if the accident had taken place
    by reason of negligence of the driver of a motor vehicle and, while

    2 (2018) 5 SCC 656
    3 (2020) 13 Supreme Court Cases 486
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    doing so, the Tribunal would not be strictly bound by the pleadings of
    the parties. Notably, while deciding cases arising out of motor
    vehicle accidents, the standard of proof to be borne in mind must
    be of preponderance of probability and not the strict standard of proof
    beyond all reasonable doubt which is followed in criminal cases.”

    17. In view of the aforesaid discussion, it can be held that the

    learned Tribunal while answering the issue No.1 had meticulously

    examined the oral and documentary evidence and rightly

    concluded that the accident occurred due to rash and negligent

    driving of the driver of the offending vehicle.

    18. The learned counsel for the respondent No.1 contended that the

    learned Tribunal failed to appreciate that the deceased was not having

    the driving licence.

    19. At the outset, the respondent No.1 did not adduce any

    evidence to establish that the deceased was not having the driving

    licence. If at all the deceased was not holding driving license as on

    the date of the accident, certainly the concerned Police, who

    conducted a thorough investigation, would have incorporated the

    said aspect in the charge sheet but there is no such instance in the

    instant case. To establish that the deceased was not holding

    driving license, the respondent No.1 ought to have examined the

    concerned regional transport authorities, who are the only

    competent officials to decide the said aspect. Hence, it can be

    safely held that the respondent No.1 failed to establish that the
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    deceased was not holding driving license as on the date of the

    accident.

    20. The learned counsel for the respondent No.1 contended that

    the learned Tribunal failed to appreciate that the OP was filed with

    inordinate delay.

    21. Admittedly, the accident occurred on 28.05.2005, whereas

    the claim petition came to be filed in the year 2010. It is pertinent

    to note that the plea regarding delay has been raised for the first

    time before this Court. No such objection was taken before the

    learned Tribunal. In fact, despite service of notice, respondent No.1

    did not choose to file a counter before the learned Tribunal raising

    any objection as to the maintainability of the claim petition on the

    ground of delay. Therefore, the respondent cannot ordinarily be

    permitted to raise such a factual objection for the first time in

    appeal. Even otherwise, the contention is devoid of merit. By

    virtue of the omission of Section 166(3) of the Motor Vehicles Act

    with effect from 14.11.1994, no statutory period of limitation was

    prescribed for filing a claim petition under Section 166 during the

    relevant period. Since both the accident (2005) and the institution

    of the claim petition (2010) occurred after the omission of Section

    166(3), the claim petition cannot be held to be barred by limitation.

    Mere delay in approaching the Tribunal, in the absence of any
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    statutory bar or demonstrated prejudice to the respondents, is not

    by itself a ground to reject the claim.

    22. The prime contention of the learned counsel for the

    respondent No.1 is that the learned Tribunal ought not to have

    granted compensation against the appellant/respondent No.1

    alone.

    23. At this juncture, the learned counsel for the claimants

    contended that the Police, Kothagudem registered a case against

    the driver of the Hero Honda Splendor bearing No. A.P. 20 H-3426,

    U/s. 304-A IPC, hence, the Respondent No.2 ought to have been

    made liable to pay compensation, more particularly, when the

    deceased was the third party. It was further contended that the

    policy issued by Respondent No.2 covers the risk of third parties as

    additional premium was paid and this itself is sufficient to cover

    the risk of a third parties, as such, Respondent No.2 is liable to

    pay the compensation indemnifying the owner of the offending

    vehicle i.e., Respondent. No.1. It was urged that according to Ex.A-

    2 i.e., charge sheet filed by the Police the rider of the crime vehicle

    was not charge-sheeted for any violation of provisions of Motor

    Vehicle Act. It was further contended that even the driver or the

    owner of the offending vehicle was not examined with regard to

    breach of terms and conditions of the insurance policy, as alleged
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    by Respondent No.2 and that the evidence of Rw-2 is not

    conclusive enough to hold that the Respondent No.1 was not

    holding a driving licence at all. As such the Insurance company

    i.e., 2nd Respondent is liable to pay the compensation

    indemnifying the owner of the offending vehicle i.e., Respondent

    No.1.

    24. As seen from the impugned order, the learned Tribunal fixed

    the liability to pay the compensation to the claimants on

    respondent No.1 alone mainly on the ground that the driver of the

    offending vehicle was not having a valid driving license. The

    learned Standing Counsel for the respondent No.2 placed reliance

    upon the oral evidence of RWs 1 and 2 and documentary evidence

    under Exs.X1 and X2. RW1, who is the Senior Assistant working

    in Respondent No.2 Company, deposed that driver of the offending

    vehicle had no valid driving license. RW2, who is the

    Administrative Officer – cum – Additional Licensing Authority,

    Office of the Regional Transport Authority, Khammam, deposed

    that their office issued driving license to B. Pavan Raja, S/o.

    Chakrapani on 22.05.2006, which is valid upto 21.05.2026. Ex.X2

    is the extract of driving license. RW2 further deposed that driver of

    the offending was not possessing driving license as on the date of

    accident. Admittedly, the accident occurred on 28.05.2005, which
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    is prior to the date of issuance of driving license in favour of B.

    Pavan Raja. It is pertinent to note that B. Pavan Raja was the

    driver of the offending vehicle at the relevant point of time. Though

    RW2 was cross-examined at length, nothing was elicited to

    disbelieve his evidence or Ex.X2.

    25. Thus, the evidence placed on record by the respondent No.2

    establishes that the driver of the offending vehicle was not holding

    any driving license as on the date of the accident. Hence, the

    terms and conditions of policy under Ex.B1 were violated by the

    insured by giving the vehicle to a person, who had no driving

    license at all.

    26. The learned counsel for the claimants contended that the

    learned Tribunal ought to have noted that the Apex Court

    categorically held that in case of covering the risk of the third

    parties, if there was any violation of terms and conditions of the

    insurance policy, the Insurance Company should first pay and

    recover from the owner, as such the court below ought to have

    awarded compensation as against Respondents 1 & 2. In this

    connection, reliance was placed on the decision of the Honourable

    Supreme Court in Rama Bai v. M/s. Amit Minerals and another 4,

    wherein it was observed as under:

    4 2025 INSC 1162
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    ‘5. The submission on part of the appellant that the High
    Court ought to have applied the “pay and recover” principle rests on
    the decision of this Court in Shamanna1 (supra) and Parminder
    Singh2 (supra). In Shamanna1 (supra) this Court dealt with the claim
    of compensation by third party victim of the motor accident. In para 5
    of the judgment, this Court referred to its own earlier decision
    in National Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Swaran Singh and Others4 to
    reiterate that the insurer [(2004) 3 SCC 297] has to pay the
    compensation amount payable to the third party and the insurance
    company may recover the same thereafter from the insured.

    5.1 In Shamanna1 in which the doctrine of “pay and recover”

    was considered, the driver had no valid licence and the insurance
    policy was violated. Similar principle, as applied in Parminder
    Singh2 in which the driver of the offending vehicle was found driving
    the vehicle in breach of the policy conditions, the insurance company
    was absolved and the principle of ‘pay and recover’ was applied.’

    27. It is to be seen that in Manager, National Insurance Company

    Limited v. Saju P.Paul and another 5, Manuara Khatun and others v.

    Rajesh Kr. Singh and others 6, Akula Narayana v. The Oriental

    Insurance Company Limited and another 7, and Kaminiben and

    others v. The Oriental Insurance Company Limited and others 8 the

    Honourable Supreme Court while keeping in view the benevolent

    object of the Motor Vehicles Act and other relevant factors, issued

    the directions against the Insurance Company to pay the awarded

    sum to the claimants and then to recover the said sum from the

    insured in the same proceedings by applying the principle of “pay

    and recover”. It is settled law that in third-party claims, the

    insurer ordinarily cannot be completely exonerated merely because

    of the absence or invalidity of the driver’s licence. The appropriate

    5 (2013) 2 SCC 41
    6 (2017) 4 SCC 796
    7 2025 SCC Online SC 2377
    8 Civil Appeal arising out of SLP (Civil) No. 21802 of 2023) decided on 11.02.2026
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    course is generally to direct the insurer to pay the compensation

    and recover the same from the insured, provided the insurer has

    established the statutory defence. Even in the instant case,

    though the insurer had established that the insured had violated

    the terms and conditions of the insurance policy under Ex.B1 by

    giving the vehicle to a person, who had no driving license as on the

    date of the accident, it cannot be a sole ground to exonerate the

    insurance company entirely from the liability to pay the

    compensation. Thus, the learned Tribunal erred in fixing the

    liability to pay entire compensation on owner of the offending

    vehicle. Hence, this Court is of the considered opinion that it is a

    fit case to invoke the principle of “pay and recover”.

    28. Now coming to the quantum of compensation, the learned

    counsel for the claimants contended that the learned Tribunal

    ought to have noted that the deceased died at an young age and

    his wife, parents and minor daughters, are dependents on him for

    their livelihood, as such the learned Tribunal ought to have

    awarded compensation as claimed for.

    29. It is to be seen that the claimants filed the claim petition

    seeking compensation of Rs.8,00,000/-. The learned Tribunal

    awarded Rs.8,00,000/- as claimed by the claimants. Thus, the

    above contention of the learned counsel for the claimants that the
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    learned Tribunal ought to have awarded compensation as claimed

    for, remains unsustainable.

    30. Though the learned Tribunal calculated the compensation at

    Rs.8,63,000/-, the said compensation was restricted to

    Rs.8,00,000/- by considering the claim amount mentioned in the

    claim petition. In this connection, the learned counsel for the

    claimants placed reliance upon the decisions of the Honourable

    Supreme Court in Chandramani Nanda v. Sarat Chandra Swain

    and another 9, Ningamma and another v. United India Insurance

    company Limited 10. It is well settled by the decision of the

    Honourable Supreme Court in Nagappa v. Gurudayal Singh and

    others 11 that the Tribunal or Court is not precluded from awarding

    compensation more than the amount claimed, provided the

    claimant is otherwise found entitled to such compensation on the

    basis of the evidence available on record. Thus, the learned

    Tribunal erred in restricting the compensation amount to

    Rs.8,00,000/-, despite calculating the compensation at

    Rs.8,63,000/-.

    31. The age of the deceased was claimed to be 43 years. The

    learned counsel for the respondent No.1 contended that the

    9 2025 AAC 830
    10 2009 (8) JT 262
    11 2003 ACJ 12
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    learned Tribunal ought to have seen that there is no evidence on

    record (documentary) to show that the age of the deceased was 43

    years except the statements of interested witnesses (PW1 to

    PW3/Claimants).

    32. Admittedly, the claimants have not filed date of birth

    certificate of the deceased to ascertain his age. In the absence of

    any documentary evidence, postmortem examination report can be

    considered as reliable document to assess the age of the deceased.

    As can be seen from Ex.A3 postmortem examination report, the age

    of the deceased was shown as 43 years.

    33. The deceased alleged to have been drawing Rs.9,000/- per

    month as a General Mazdoor in the Senior Auto Workshop of

    Singareni Collieries Company Limited, Kothagudem. The

    claimants placed reliance upon oral evidence of PW3 and

    documentary evidence under Exs.A5 to A9. PW3, who is the in-

    charge AGM of Singareni Collieries Company Limited, deposed that

    salary slips under Exs.A5 to A9 were issued by them. Though, it

    was elicited in the cross-examination that the net salary of the

    deceased under Exs.A5, A7 to A9 was Rs.3,620/-, 4,300/-, 4,600/-

    and 3,820/- per month respectively, it is settled law that only

    statutory deductions have to be deducted from the gross salary of

    the victim. However, there is no evidence to establish as to how
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    much amount is being deducted from the gross salary of the

    deceased towards professional tax and income tax. The gross

    salary of the deceased for the month of May, 2005, as per Ex.A5 is

    shown as Rs.8,050/-. In such circumstances, the learned Tribunal

    rightly fixed the monthly salary of the deceased at Rs.7,000/-,

    which is appearing to be just and reasonable, more particularly,

    when there is no material with regard to statutory deductions from

    the gross salary of the deceased.

    34. There is no material on record to establish that the deceased

    was a permanent or regular employee in the Senior Auto Workshop

    of Singareni Collieries Company Limited, Kothagudem. Thus, the

    deceased can be considered as self-employed. Since the deceased

    was aged about 43 years, future prospects at 25% is required to be

    considered. Thus, the monthly income of the deceased along with

    future prospects comes to Rs.8,750/- (Rs.7,000/- + Rs.1,750/-).

    The annual income of the deceased comes to Rs.1,05,000/-

    (Rs.8,750/- x 12 months). Since there are three claimants

    depending on the earnings of the deceased, 1/3rd has to be

    deducted from the income of the deceased towards his personal

    and living expenses. Thus, after deducting personal and living

    expenses of the deceased, the annual income of the deceased

    comes to Rs.70,000/- (Rs.1,05,000/- – Rs.35,000/-).
    -21-

    VRKR,J
    Macma_3447 & 3734_2012

    35. A perusal of the impugned order discloses that the learned

    Tribunal while relying upon the decision of the Honourable

    Superme Court in Sarla Verma v. Delhi Transport Corporation12

    fixed the multiplier ’15’. However, as per the decision in Sarla

    Verama‘s case (supra), the relevant multiplier for the persons

    belonging to age group of 41 to 45 years is ’14’ but not ’15’. After

    multiplying the annual income of the deceased with relevant

    multiplier ’14, the loss of dependency would come to Rs.9,80,000/-

    (Rs.70,000/- x 14).

    36. The learned Tribunal awarded Rs.10,000/- towards loss of

    estate, Rs.10,000/- towards loss of consortium and Rs.3,000/-

    towards funeral and transportation charges. However, as per the

    decision of the Honourable Supreme Court in Pranay Sethi’s case

    (supra), the claimants are entitled to Rs.77,000/- (Rs.70,000/- +

    10% enhancement) under conventional heads (loss of estate –

    Rs.15,000/-, funeral expenses – Rs.15,000/- and loss of spousal

    consortium at Rs.40,000/-). Since the claimant No.2 is an

    unmarried daughter, who had attained the age of majority, she is

    not entitled for any compensation under the head ‘parental

    consortium’. Thus, in all the claimants are entitled to

    Rs.10,57,000/- (Rs.9,80,000/- + Rs.77,000/-) towards just

    compensation.

    12 2009 ACJ 1298 (SC)
    -22-
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    Macma_3447 & 3734_2012

    CONCLUSION:

    37. In view of the foregoing discussion and for the reasons

    recorded hereinabove, this Court holds that the Tribunal rightly

    concluded that the accident occurred due to the rash and negligent

    riding of the offending motorcycle. However, the Tribunal was not

    justified in exonerating respondent No.2/Insurance Company from

    its liability solely on the ground that the rider of the offending

    vehicle did not possess a valid and effective driving licence. Having

    regard to the settled legal position governing third-party risks

    under the Motor Vehicles Act, respondent No.2/Insurance

    Company is liable to satisfy the award in the first instance, with

    liberty to recover the amount so paid from respondent No.1, the

    owner of the offending vehicle, in accordance with law. This Court

    is also of the considered opinion that the compensation awarded by

    the Tribunal warrants enhancement. Accordingly, the following

    order is passed.

    RESULT AND DIRECTIONS:

    38. In the result:

    (i) M.A.C.M.A. No.3447 of 2012, filed by the owner of the

    offending vehicle, stands dismissed.

    -23-

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    Macma_3447 & 3734_2012

    (ii) M.A.C.M.A. No.3734 of 2012, filed by the claimants, stands

    partly allowed by enhancing the compensation awarded by the

    Tribunal from Rs.8,00,000/- to Rs.10,57,000/-, together with

    interest thereon at the rate of 7.5% per annum from the date of

    filing of the claim petition till the date of realization.

    (iii) Respondent No.2/Insurance Company shall deposit the

    entire compensation amount, together with accrued interest and

    costs, after giving due credit to the amount, if any, already

    deposited, before the Tribunal within a period of eight (08) weeks

    from the date of receipt of a copy of this judgment.

    (iv) Upon such deposit, respondent No.2/Insurance Company

    shall be at liberty to recover the amount so deposited from

    respondent No.1, the owner of the offending vehicle, in accordance

    with law.

    (v) Upon deposit of the compensation amount, the Tribunal

    shall disburse the same as follows:

    (a) Claimant No.1 shall be paid Rs.5,00,000/-, together with

    proportionate interest and costs;

    (b) Claimant No.2 shall be paid Rs.3,00,000/-, together with

    proportionate interest and costs; and
    -24-
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    Macma_3447 & 3734_2012

    (c) Claimant No.3 shall be paid Rs.2,57,000/-, together with

    proportionate interest and costs.

    (vi) The claimants shall be entitled to withdraw their respective

    shares, together with accrued interest, upon payment of the

    requisite deficit court fee, if any, without furnishing any security.

    39. There shall be no order as to costs.

    40. Miscellaneous applications, if any pending, shall stand

    closed.

    ____________________________________
    VAKITI RAMAKRISHNA REDDY, J
    Date: 07.07.2026
    AS



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