Pramod Nahak vs South Eastern Coal Field Limited on 1 April, 2026

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    Chattisgarh High Court

    Pramod Nahak vs South Eastern Coal Field Limited on 1 April, 2026

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                                                   2026:CGHC:14965
                                                                NAFR
           HIGH COURT OF CHHATTISGARH AT BILASPUR
    
                         WPS No. 3052 of 2021
    
    ï‚· Pramod Nahak S/o Late Prafull Nahak Aged About 26 Years R/o
      Ward No. 15, West Negal Gate, Near Kaliya Provision Store,
      Charcha Colliery Post Office Charcha Colliery District Koria
      Chhattisgarh., District : Koriya (Baikunthpur), Chhattisgarh
                                                        ... Petitioner(s)
    
                                 versus
    
    1. South Eastern Coal Field Limited Through Its Chairman Cum
       Managing Director, South Eastern Coal Field Limited,
       Headquarters, Seepat Road Bilaspur District Bilaspur
       Chhattisgarh.,   District    :     Bilaspur,   Chhattisgarh
    
    2. General Manager South Eastern Coal Field Limited Headquarters,
       Seepat Road Bilaspur, District Bilaspur Chhattisgarh., District :
       Bilaspur,                                          Chhattisgarh
    
    3. Director Personnel, South Eastern Coal Field Limited,
       Headquarters, Seepat Road Bilaspur District Bilaspur
       Chhattisgarh.,   District :     Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh
    
    4. General Manager South Eastern Coal Field Limited, Chirmiri Area
       District Koria Chhattisgarh., District : Koriya (Baikunthpur),
       Chhattisgarh
    
    5. Area Manager (Personnel) South Eastern Coal Field Limited,
       Chirmiri Area, District Koria Chhattisgarh., District : Koriya
       (Baikunthpur),                                     Chhattisgarh
    
    6. Sub Area Manager South Eastern Coal Field Limited, Sub Area
       Bartunga Colliery, Chirmiri Area, District Koria Chhattisgarh.,
       District   :       Koriya      (Baikunthpur),     Chhattisgarh
    
    7. Assistant Manager (Hr /p) South Eastern Coal Field Limited,
       Underground Sub Area, Chirmiri, Area, Chirmiri, District Koria
       Chhattisgarh., District : Koriya (Baikunthpur), Chhattisgarh
                                                      ... Respondent(s)

    2

    (Cause Title is taken from Case Information System)

    SPONSORED

    For Petitioner : Mr. Govind Dewangan, Advocate
    For Respondents : Mr. Vinod Deshmukh, Advocate

    Hon’ble Shri Justice Rakesh Mohan Pandey

    Order on Board
    1.4.2026

    1. By way of this petition, petitioner has sought following reliefs:-

    10.1 That, this Hon’ble Court may kindly be
    pleased to call for the entire records in relates
    to the case of the petitioner from the
    possession of respondents for its kind perusal.

    10.2 That, this Hon’ble Court may kindly be
    pleased to set aside the impugned order dated
    25.3.2018 (Annexure P/1) issued by the
    respondent No. 7 and further be pleased to
    direct the respondents to reconsider the name
    of the petitioner for grant of compassionate, in
    the interest of justice.

    10.3 That, this Hon’ble Court may kindly be
    pleased to grant any other relief/ reliefs in
    favour of the petitioners, which the Hon’ble
    Court deemed fit and just in the facts and
    circumstances of the case, including awarding
    of the costs to the petitioner.

    2. Learned counsel for the petitioner submits that petitioner’s father,

    namely, Prafull Nahak who was working on the post of General

    Mazdoor, Category-I under the respondents died in harness on

    8.11.1999 and petitioner moved the application for grant of

    dependent employment on 23.12.2016 which was rejected by

    respondent No. 7 vide order dated 25.3.2018 on the ground that

    application was moved after period of 17 years. He further submits
    3

    that at the time of death of petitioner’s father, petitioner was aged

    5 years 7 months and 3 days and he moved application for grant

    of dependent employment immediately after attaining majority. He

    contends that authority concerned has rejected the application

    moved by petitioner without assigning sufficient reasons. He prays

    to set aside the order impugned.

    3. On the other hand, learned counsel appearing for the respondents

    submits that application was moved by petitioner after 17 years.

    He further submits that at the time of death of petitioner’s father,

    petitioner had not attained the age of 12 years, therefore his name

    was not kept in live roster and that was the reason, his application

    was rejected. He contends that this petition has been filed in the

    year 2021 whereas petitioner’s father died in year 1999, therefore

    this petition deserves to be dismissed on the ground of delay and

    latches.

    4. I have heard learned counsel for the parties and perused the

    documents placed on record.

    5. Petitioner’s father who was working under respondents died in

    harness on 8.11.1999 and on the date of demise, petitioner was

    aged 5 years 7 months and 3 days, therefore his name was not

    kept in live roster and that was the reason, application moved by

    petitioner was rejected. Be that as it may, application was moved

    by petitioner for grant of dependent employment after 16 years i.e.

    on 23.12.2016 and this petition has been filed in year 2021.

    4

    6. In the matter of State of Maharastra and another Vs. Ms.

    Madhuri Maruti Vidhate1, Hon’ble Supreme Court held at

    paragraph Nos. 7 & 8 as under :

    “7.Thus, as per the law laid down by this
    Court in the aforesaid decisions,
    compassionate appointment is an exception
    to the general rule of appointment in the
    public services and is in favour of the
    dependents of a deceased dying in harness
    and leaving his family in penury and without
    any means of livelihood, and in such cases,
    out of pure humanitarian consideration taking
    into consideration the fact that unless some
    source of livelihood is provided, the family
    would not be able to make both ends meet, a
    provision is made in the rules to provide
    gainful employment to one of the dependents
    of the deceased who may be eligible for such
    employment. The whole object of granting
    compassionate employment is, thus, to
    enable the family to tide over the sudden
    crisis. The object is not to give such family a
    post much less a post held by the deceased.

    7.1. Applying the law laid down by
    this Court in the aforesaid decisions
    to the facts of the case on hand, to
    appoint the respondent now on
    compassionate ground shall be
    contrary to the object and purpose of
    appointment on compassionate
    ground. The respondent cannot be
    said to be dependent on the
    deceased employee, i.e., her mother.

    Even otherwise, she shall not be
    entitled to appointment on
    compassionate ground after a
    number of years from the death of the
    deceased employee.

    8. Under the circumstances and in the facts
    and circumstances of the case narrated
    hereinabove, the Tribunal as well as the
    High Court have committed serious error in
    directing the appellants to appoint the
    respondent on compassionate ground. The
    1
    . AIROnLine 2022 SC 471
    5

    judgment and order passed by the Tribunal
    confirmed by the High Court directing the
    appellants to consider the case of the
    respondent for appointment on
    compassionate ground after a number of
    years is unsustainable.”

    The very object of providing compassionate appointment

    is to ameliorate the condition of the family at the relevant time

    and same has been achieved as the family has already

    survived for such a long period. Further, the Hon’ble Supreme

    Court of India has ruled that compassionate appointment is a

    way to provide immediate financial assistance to families who

    have experienced sudden hardship.

    7. The Hon’ble Supreme Court in the matter of State of J&K Versus

    Sajad Ahmed Mir2, while dealing with the issue of delay, in para

    11 held as under:-

    “11. We may also observe that when the Division
    Bench of the High Court was considering the case
    of the applicant holding that he had sought
    ‘compassion’, the Bench ought to have
    considered the larger issue as well and it is that
    such an appointment is an exception to the
    general rule. Normally, an employment in
    Government or other public sectors should be
    open to all eligible candidates who can come
    forward to apply and compete with each other. It
    is in consonance with Article 14 of the
    Constitution. On the basis of competitive merits,
    an appointment should be made to public office.
    This general rule should not be departed except
    where compelling circumstances demand, such
    as, death of sole bread earner and likelihood of
    the family suffering because of the setback. Once
    it is proved that in spite of death of bread earner,
    the family survived and substantial period is over,
    there is no necessity to say ‘goodbye’ to normal
    2
    . (2006) 5 SCC 766
    6

    rule of appointment and to show favour to one at
    the cost of interests of several others ignoring the
    mandate of Article 14 of the Constitution.”

    8. The Hon’ble Supreme Court while dealing the issue of delay and

    laches in the matter of Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and

    Sewerage Board and Others Vs. T.T. Murali Babu 3 held as

    under:-

    ’17. In the case at hand, though there has been
    four years’ delay in approaching the court, yet the
    writ court chose not to address the same. It is the
    duty of the court to scrutinize whether such
    enormous delay is to be ignored without any
    justification. That apart, in the present case, such
    belated approach gains more significance as the
    respondent employee being absolutely careless to
    his duty and nurturing a lackadaisical attitude to
    the responsibility had remain unauthorizedly
    absent on the pretext of some kind of ill health.
    We repeat at the cost of repetition that remaining
    innocuously oblivious to such delay does not
    foster the cause of justice. On the contrary, it
    brings in injustice, for it is likely to affect others.
    Such delay may have impact on others’ ripened
    rights and may unnecessarily drag others into
    litigation which in acceptable realm of probability,
    may have been treated to have attained finality. A
    court is not expected to give indulgence to such
    indolent persons -who compete with
    “Kumbhakarna” or for that matter “Rip Van Winkle”

    . In our considered opinion, such delay does not
    deserve any indulgence and on the said ground
    alone the writ court should have thrown the
    petition overboard at the very threshold.

    9. Recently, the Apex Court in the matter of Rushibhai

    Jagdishbhai Pathak Vs. Bhavnagar Municipal Corporation 4

    held as under:-

    3

    . (2014) 4 SCC 108
    4
    . 2022 SCC OnLine SC 64
    7

    ‘9. The doctrine of delay and laches, or for that
    matter statutes of limitation, are considered to be
    statutes of repose and statutes of peace, though
    some contrary opinions have been expressed (in
    Nav Rattanmal Vs. state of Rajasthan, AIR 1961
    SC 1704). The courts have expressed the view
    that the law of limitation rests on the foundations
    of greater public interest for three reasons,
    namely, (a) that long dormant claims have more
    of cruelty than justice in them; (b) that a
    defendant might have lost the evidence to
    disapprove a stale claim; and (iii) that persons
    with good causes of action (who are able to
    enforce them) should pursue them with
    reasonable diligence (State of Kerala Vs. V.R.
    Kalliyanikutty
    , (1999) 3 SCC 657 relying on
    Halsbury’s Laws of England, 4th Edn., Vol. 28,
    para 605; Halsbury’s Laws of England , Vol. 68
    (2021) para 1005. Equally, change in de facto
    position or character, creation of third party rights
    over a period of time, waiver, acquiesce, and
    need to ensure certitude in dealings, are
    equitable public policy considerations why period
    of limitation is prescribed by law. Law of limitation
    does not apply to writ petitions, albeit the
    discretion vested with a constitutional court is
    exercised with caution as delay and laches
    principle is applied with the aim to secure the
    quiet of the community, suppress fraud and
    perjury, quicken diligence, and prevent
    oppression.(see Popat and Kotecha Property Vs.
    State Bank of India Staff Association
    (2005) 7
    SCC 510).Therefore, some decisions and
    judgments do not look upon pleas of delay and
    laches with favour, especially and rightly in cases
    where the persons suffer from adeptness, or
    incapacity to approach the courts for relief.

    However, other decisions, while accepting the
    rules of limitation as well as delay and laches,
    have observed that such rules are not meant to
    destroy the rights of the parties but serve a larger
    public interest and are founded on public policy.
    There must be a lifespan during which a person
    must approach the court for their remedy.
    Otherwise, there would be unending uncertainty
    as to the rights and obligations of the parties.
    (See N. Blarkrishnan Vs. M. Krishnamurthy,
    (1998)7 SCC 123.
    Referring to the principle of
    delay and laches, this Court, way back in Moons
    Mils Ltd Vs. M.R. Mehar, President, Industrial
    8

    Court, Bombay AIR 1967 SC 1450, had referred
    to the view expressed by Sir Barnes Peacock in
    The Lindsay Petroleum Company and Prosper
    Armstrong Hurd, Abram Farewell, and John
    Kemp, (L.R.) 5 P.C.221 in the following words:

    ” Now the doctrine of laches in Courts of Equity is
    not an arbitrary or a technical doctrine, Where it
    would be practically unjust to give a remedy,
    either because the party has, by his conduct,
    done that which might fairly be regarded as
    equivalent to a waiver of it, or where by this
    conduct and neglect he has though perhaps not
    waiving that remedy, yet put the other party in a
    situation in which it would not be reasonable to
    place him if the remedy were afterwards to be
    asserted, in either of these cases, lapse of time
    and delay are most material. But in every case,if
    an argument against relief, which otherwise
    would be just, is founded upon mere delay, that
    delay of course not amounting to a bar by any
    statute of limitations, the validity of that defence
    must be tried upon principles substantially
    equitable. Two circumstances, always important
    in such cases, are, the length of the delay and
    the nature of the acts done during the interval,
    which might affect either party and cause a
    balance of justice or injustice in taking the one
    course or the other, so far as relates to the
    remedy.”

    10. The Hon’ble Supreme Court in the matter of Bichitrananda

    Behera Vs. State of Orissa and others5, under relevant para 21

    held as under:-

    “21. Profitably, we may reproduce relevant
    passagesfrom certain decisions of this Court:

    (A) Union of India v Tarsem Singh, (2008) 8
    SCC 648:

    “To summarise, normally, a belated service
    related claim will be rejected on the ground of
    delay and laches (where remedy is sought by
    filing a writ petition) or limitation (where remedy
    is sought by an application to the
    Administrative Tribunal). One of the exceptions
    to the said rule is cases relating to a continuing
    wrong. Where a service related claim is based
    5
    . 2023 LiveLaw (SC) 883
    9

    on a continuing wrong, relief can be granted
    even if there is a long delay in seeking remedy,
    with reference to the date on which the
    continuing wrong commenced, if such
    continuing wrong creates a continuing source
    of injury. But there is an exception to the
    exception. If the grievance is in respect of any
    order or administrative decision which related
    to or affected several others also, and if the
    reopening of the issue would affect the settled
    rights of third parties, then the claim will not be
    entertained. For example, if the issue relates to
    payment or refixation of pay or pension, relief
    may be granted in spite of delay as it does not
    affect the rights of third parties. But if the claim
    involved issues relating to seniority or
    promotion, etc., affecting others, delay would
    render the claim stale and doctrine of
    laches/limitation will be applied. Insofar as the
    consequential relief of recovery of arrears for a
    past period is concerned, the principles relating
    to recurring/successive wrongs will apply. As a
    consequence, the High Courts will restrict the
    consequential relief relating to arrears normally
    to a period of three years prior to the date of
    filing of the writ petition.” (emphasis
    supplied)
    (B) Union of India v N Murugesan, (2022) 2
    SCC 25
    “Delay, laches and acquiescence

    20. The principles governing delay, laches, and
    acquiescence are overlapping and
    interconnected on many occasions. However,
    they have their distinct characters and distinct
    elements. One can say that delay is the genus
    to which laches and acquiescence are species.

    Similarly, laches might be called a genus to a
    species by name acquiescence. However,
    there may be a case where acquiescence is
    involved, but not laches. These principles are
    common law principles, and perhaps one could
    identify that these principles find place in
    various statutes which restrict the period of
    limitation and create non consideration of
    condonation in certain circumstances. They are
    bound to be applied by way of practice
    requiring prudence of the court than of a strict
    application of law. The underlying principle
    10

    governing these concepts would be one of
    estoppel. The question of prejudice is also an
    important issue to be taken note of by the
    court.

    Laches

    21. The word “laches” is derived from the
    French language meaning “remissness and
    slackness”. It thus involves unreasonable delay
    or negligence in pursuing a claim involving an
    equitable relief while causing prejudice to the
    other party. It is neglect on the part of a party to
    do an act which law requires while asserting a
    right, and therefore, must stand in the way of
    the party getting relief or remedy.

    22. Two essential factors to be seen are the
    length of the delay and the nature of acts done
    during the interval. As stated, it would also
    involve acquiescence on the part of the party
    approaching the court apart from the change in
    position in the interregnum. Therefore, it would
    be unjustifiable for a Court of Equity to confer a
    remedy on a party who knocks its doors when
    his acts would indicate a waiver of such a right.
    By his conduct, he has put the other party in a
    particular position, and therefore, it would be
    unreasonable to facilitate a challenge before
    the court. Thus, a man responsible for his
    conduct on equity is not expected to be allowed
    to avail a remedy.

    23. A defence of laches can only be allowed
    when there is no statutory bar. The question as
    to whether there exists a clear case of laches
    on the part of a person seeking a remedy is
    one of fact and so also that of prejudice. The
    said principle may not have any application
    when the existence of fraud is pleaded and
    proved by the other side. To determine the
    difference between the concept of laches and
    acquiescence is that, in a case involving mere
    laches, the principle of estoppel would apply to
    all the defences that are available to a party.
    Therefore, a defendant can succeed on the
    various grounds raised by the plaintiff, while an
    issue concerned alone would be amenable to
    acquiescence.

    Acquiescence
    11

    24. We have already discussed the relationship
    between acquiescence on the one hand and
    delay and laches on the other.

    25. Acquiescence would mean a tacit or
    passive acceptance. It is implied and reluctant
    consent to an act. In other words, such an
    action would qualify a passive assent. Thus,
    when acquiescence takes place, it
    presupposes knowledge against a particular
    act. From the knowledge comes passive
    acceptance, therefore instead of taking any
    action against any alleged refusal to perform
    the original contract, despite adequate
    knowledge of its terms, and instead being
    allowed to continue by consciously ignoring it
    and thereafter proceeding further,
    acquiescence does take place. As a
    consequence, it reintroduces a new implied
    agreement between the parties. Once such a
    situation arises, it is not open to the party that
    acquiesced itself to insist upon the compliance
    of the original terms. Hence, what is essential,
    is the conduct of the parties. We only dealt with
    the distinction involving a mere acquiescence.
    When acquiescence is followed by delay, it
    may become laches. Here again, we are
    inclined to hold that the concept of
    acquiescence is to be seen on a case-to-case
    basis.” (emphasis supplied)
    (C) Chairman, State Bank of India v M J
    James, (2022) 2 SCC 301:

    “36. What is a reasonable time is not to
    be put in a straitjacket formula or
    judicially codified in the form of days, etc.
    as it depends upon the facts and
    circumstances of each case. A right not
    exercised for a long time is nonexistent.
    Doctrine of delay and laches as well as
    acquiescence are applied to non-suit the
    litigants who approach the
    court/appellate authorities belatedly
    without any justifiable explanation for
    bringing action after unreasonable delay.
    In the present case, challenge to the
    order of dismissal from service by way of
    appeal was after four years and five
    months, which is certainly highly belated
    and beyond justifiable time. Without
    12

    satisfactory explanation justifying the
    delay, it is difficult to hold that the appeal
    was preferred within a reasonable time.
    Pertinently, the challenge was primarily
    on the ground that the respondent was
    not allowed to be represented by a
    representative of his choice. The
    respondent knew that even if he were to
    succeed on this ground, as has
    happened in the writ proceedings, fresh
    inquiry would not be prohibited as finality
    is not attached unless there is a legal or
    statutory bar, an aspect which has been
    also noticed in the impugned judgment.
    This is highlighted to show the prejudice
    caused to the appellants by the delayed
    challenge. We would, subsequently,
    examine the question of acquiescence
    and its judicial effect in the context of the
    present case.

    Xxx

    38. In Ram Chand v. Union of India [Ram
    Chand
    v. Union of India, (1994) 1 SCC 44] and
    State of U.P. v. Manohar [State of U.P. v.
    Manohar, (2005) 2 SCC 126] this Court
    observed that if the statutory authority has not
    performed its duty within a reasonable time, it
    cannot justify the same by taking the plea that
    the person who has been deprived of his rights
    has not approached the appropriate forum for
    relief. If a statutory authority does not pass any
    orders and thereby fails to comply with the
    statutory mandate within reasonable time, they
    normally should not be permitted to take the
    defence of laches and delay.
    If at all, in such
    cases, the delay furnishes a cause of action,
    which in some cases as elucidated in Union of
    India v. Tarsem Singh [Union of India
    v. Tarsem
    Singh, (2008) 8 SCC 648 : (2008) 2 SCC (L&S)
    765] may be continuing cause of action.The
    State being a virtuous litigant should meet the
    genuine claims and not deny them for want of
    action on their part. However, this general
    principle would not apply when, on
    consideration of the facts, the court concludes
    that the respondent had abandoned his rights,
    which may be either express or implied from
    his conduct.
    Abandonment implies intentional
    13

    act to acknowledge, as has been held in para 6
    of Motilal Padampat Sugar Mills Co. Ltd. v.
    State of U.P. [Motilal Padampat Sugar Mills Co.
    Ltd. v. State of U.P., (1979) 2 SCC 409 : 1979
    SCC (Tax) 144] Applying this principle of
    acquiescence to the precept of delay and
    laches, this Court in U.P. Jal Nigam v.Jaswant
    Singh [U.P. Jal Nigam v. Jaswant Singh, (2006)
    11 SCC 464 : (2007) 1 SCC (L&S) 500] after
    referring to several judgments, has accepted
    the following elucidation in Halsbury’s Laws of
    England : (Jaswant Singh case [U.P. Jal Nigam
    v. Jaswant Singh
    , (2006) 11 SCC 464 : (2007)
    1 SCC (L&S) 500] , SCC pp. 470-71, paras
    1213)
    “12. The statement of law has also been
    summarised in Halsbury’s Laws of England,
    Para 911,p. 395 as follows:

    In determining whether there has been such
    delay as to amount to laches, the chief points
    to be considered are:

    (i) acquiescence on the claimant’s part;and

    (ii) any change of position that has occurred on
    the defendant’s part.

    Acquiescence in this sense does not mean
    standing by while the violation of a right is in
    progress,but assent after the violation has
    been completed and the claimant has become
    aware of it. It is unjust to give the claimant a
    remedy where, by his conduct, he has done
    that which might fairly be regarded as
    equivalent to a waiver of it; or where by his
    conduct and neglect, though not waiving the
    remedy, he has put the other party in a position
    in which it would not be reasonable to place
    him if the remedy were afterwards to be
    asserted. In such cases lapse of time and
    delay are most material. Upon these
    considerations rests the doctrine of laches.’

    13. In view of the statement of law as
    summarised above, the respondents are guilty
    since the respondents have acquiesced in
    accepting the retirement and did not challenge
    the same in time. If they would have been
    vigilant enough, they could have filed writ
    petitions as others did in the matter. Therefore,
    whenever it appears that the claimants lost
    time or whiled it away and did not rise to the
    14

    occasion in time for filing the writ petitions, then
    in such cases, the court should be very slow in
    granting the relief to the incumbent. Secondly,
    it has also to be taken into consideration the
    question of acquiescence or waiver on the part
    of the incumbent whether other parties are
    going to be prejudiced if the relief is granted. In
    the present case, if the respondents would
    have challenged their retirement being violative
    of the provisions of the Act, perhaps the Nigam
    could have taken appropriate steps to raise
    funds so as to meet the liability but by not
    asserting their rights the respondents have
    allowed time to pass and after a lapse of
    couple of years, they have filed writ petitions
    claiming the benefit for two years. That will
    definitely require the Nigam to raise funds
    which is going to have serious financial
    repercussions on the financial management of
    the Nigam. Why should the court come to the
    rescue of such persons when they themselves
    are guilty of waiver and acquiescence?”

    39. Before proceeding further, it is important to
    clarify distinction between “acquiescence” and
    “delay and laches”. Doctrine of acquiescence is
    an equitable doctrine which applies when a
    party having a right stands by and sees
    another dealing in a manner inconsistent with
    that right, while the act is in progress and after
    violation is completed, which conduct reflects
    his assent or accord. He cannot afterwards
    complain. [See Prabhakar v. Sericulture Deptt.,
    (2015) 15 SCC 1 : (2016) 2 SCC (L&S) 149.

    Also, see Gobinda Ramanuj Das Mohanta v.
    Ram Charan Das
    , 1925 SCC OnLine Cal 30 :

    AIR 1925 Cal 1107] In literal sense, the term
    acquiescence means silent assent, tacit
    consent, concurrence, or acceptance, [See
    Vidyavathi Kapoor Trust v. CIT, 1991 SCC
    OnLine Kar 331 : (1992) 194 ITR 584] which
    denotes conduct that is evidence of an
    intention of a party to abandon an equitable
    right and also to denote conduct from which
    another party will be justified in inferring such
    an intention.
    [See Krishan Dev v. Ram Piari,
    1964 SCC OnLine HP 5 : AIR 1964 HP 34]
    Acquiescence can be either direct with full
    knowledge and express approbation, or indirect
    where a person having the right to set aside
    15

    the action stands by and sees another dealing
    in a manner inconsistent with that right and in
    spite of the infringement takes no action
    mirroring acceptance. [See “Introduction”, U.N.
    Mitra, Tagore Law Lectures — Law of
    Limitation and Prescription, Vol. I, 14th Edn.,
    2016.] However, acquiescence will not apply if
    lapse of time is of no importance or
    consequence.

    40. Laches unlike limitation is flexible.

    However, both limitation and laches destroy the
    remedy but not the right. Laches like
    acquiescence is based upon equitable
    considerations, but laches unlike acquiescence
    imports even simple passivity. On the other
    hand, acquiescence implies active assent and
    is based upon the rule of estoppel in pais. As a
    form of estoppel, it bars a party afterwards from
    complaining of the violation of the right. Even
    indirect acquiescence implies almost active
    consent, which is not to be inferred by mere
    silence or inaction which is involved in laches.
    Acquiescence in this manner is quite distinct
    from delay. Acquiescence virtually destroys the
    right of the person. [See Vidyavathi Kapoor
    Trust v. CIT
    , 1991 SCC OnLine Kar 331 :

    (1992) 194 ITR 584] Given the aforesaid legal
    position, inactive acquiescence on the part of
    the respondent can be inferred till the filing of
    the appeal, and not for the period post filing of
    the appeal. Nevertheless, this acquiescence
    being in the nature of estoppel bars the
    respondent from claiming violation of the right
    of fair representation.”

    11. It is the duty of the court to scrutinize whether such enormous

    delay is to be ignored without any justification. Remaining

    innocuously oblivious to such delay does not foster the cause of

    justice. A court is not expected to give indulgence to such indolent

    persons, such delay does not deserve any indulgence and on the

    said ground alone this Court deems it appropriate to dismiss this

    petition at the very threshold. The doctrine of delay and laches, or
    16

    for that matter statutes of limitation are considered to be statutes

    of repose and statutes of peace. There must be a lifespan during

    which a person must approach the court for their remedy.

    Otherwise, there would be unending uncertainty as to the rights

    and obligations of the parties.

    12. Taking into consideration the law laid down by the Hon’ble

    Supreme Court and the delay caused by the petitioner in

    approaching this Court, I am not inclined to interfere in the present

    matter. Consequently, the instant petition is hereby dismissed. No

    order as to cost(s).

    Sd/-

    (Rakesh Mohan Pandey)
    JUDGE

    Ajinkya
    Digitally signed
    by AJINKYA
    PANSARE
    Date:
    2026.04.02
    16:50:14
    +0530

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