Sun Pharma Laboratories Limited vs Intas Pharmaceuticals Limited on 28 March, 2026

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    Delhi High Court

    Sun Pharma Laboratories Limited vs Intas Pharmaceuticals Limited on 28 March, 2026

                              *     IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
    
                              %                                        Judgment delivered on: 28.03.2026
    
                              +     CS(COMM) 39/2023
    
                                    SUN PHARMA LABORATORIES LIMITED                          .....Plaintiff
    
                                                        versus
    
                                    INTAS PHARMACEUTICALS LIMITED                          .....Defendant
    
    
                                    Advocates who appeared in this case
    
                                    For the Plaintiff     :      Mr.   Sachin    Gupta,  Ms.   Mahima
                                                                 Chanchalani, Ms. Prashansa, Mr. Rohit
                                                                 Pradhan, Ms. Diksha, Mr. Ajay & Mr.
                                                                 Aadarsh, Advocates.
    
                                    For the Defendant     :      Ms. Bitika Sharma, Mr. George Vithayathil,
                                                                 Ms. Ahaana Singh Rana & Mr. Aditya P.
                                                                 Mishra, Advocates.
                                    CORAM:
                                    HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE TEJAS KARIA
    
                                                              JUDGMENT
    

    TEJAS KARIA, J

    1. The present Suit has been filed seeking a permanent injunction against
    infringement of the Trade Mark ‘BEVETEX’ (“Plaintiff’s Mark”), passing
    off, unfair competition, dilution, rendition of accounts and damages.

    SPONSORED

    2. The drug under the Plaintiff’s Mark (“Plaintiff’s Drug”) is a
    scheduled drug used for treatment of breast cancer, non-small cell lung
    cancer and pancreatic cancer. The Defendant is using the Mark ‘BEVATAS’

    Signature Not Verified
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    (“Impugned Mark”) for manufacturing and selling drugs for treatment of
    colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, lung cancer and recurrent
    glioblastoma (“Defendant’s Drug”).

    PROCEDURAL HISTORY:

    3. The present Suit was listed before the Court of the District Judge,
    Saket Courts, Delhi (“Trial Court”) on 02.01.2018, wherein the learned
    Trial Court refused to grant an ex-parte ad-interim injunction on the ground
    that the Defendant’s Drug is a cancer drug and it would not be in the interest
    of the public to grant an injunction against the Defendant’s Drug without
    granting the Defendant an opportunity of being heard. Accordingly, the
    Defendant was granted a period of one week to file its reply to the
    Application filed by the Plaintiff under Order XXXIX Rules 1 and 2 of the
    Code of Civil Procedure
    , 1908 (“CPC“).

    4. After completion of arguments with respect to the Application under
    Order XXXIX Rules 1 and 2 of the CPC, the learned Trial Court vide Order
    dated 17.09.2018, dismissed the Application of the Plaintiff for grant of
    interim injunction on the ground that the Plaintiff had failed to establish a
    prima facie case for grant of an interim injunction.

    5. On 17.12.2018, the learned Trial Court framed the following issues:

    1. Whether the plaintiff is registered owner of the Trademark
    ‘BEVETEX’ in relation to medical and pharmaceutical preparations?
    OPP

    2. Whether the plaintiff is the prior and continuous user of the
    trade mark ‘BEVETEX’ in comparison to the defendant’s use of the
    mark ‘BEVATAS’ in relation to medical and pharmaceutical
    preparations? OPP

    Signature Not Verified
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    3. Whether the use of the impugned mark ‘BEVATAS’ by the
    defendant in respect to medical and pharmaceutical preparations
    amounts to infringement of plaintiffs registered trade mark
    ‘BEVETEX’? OPP

    4. Whether there is any similarity or likelihood of
    confusion/deception between the marks ‘BEVETEX’ and
    ‘BEVATAS’? OPParties

    5. Whether the plaintiff is guilty of hoarding its mark
    ‘BEVETEX’? OPD

    6. Whether the present suit has been instituted by the plaintiff
    without any authorization? OPD

    7. Whether the present suit suffers from delay, laches and
    acquiescence? OPD

    8. Whether the plaintiff has failed to disclose any cause of action
    to file the present suit? OPD

    9. Whether the defendant is the proprietor of the trade mark
    ‘BEVATAS’? OPD

    10. Whether the defendant is the honest adopter and prior user of
    the mark ‘BEVATAS’? OPD

    11. Relief.

    6. Aggrieved by the dismissal of the Application for interim injunction
    against the use of the Impugned Mark by the learned Trial Court, the
    Plaintiff filed an appeal before this Court bearing No. FAO 447 of 2018
    (“Appeal”). The Appeal filed by the Plaintiff came to be dismissed vide
    order dated 09.01.2020. The Plaintiff preferred Special Leave Petition No.
    3385 of 2020 (“SLP”) against the order of dismissal of the Appeal. The SLP
    filed by the Plaintiff was also dismissed vide order dated 14.02.2020 with
    Signature Not Verified
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    the direction that the learned Trial Court shall decide the Suit being
    uninfluenced by any observation by the High Court.

    7. Thereafter, the Plaintiff revalued the Suit and, accordingly, the Suit
    was transferred before this Court for adjudication. After completion of final
    arguments on behalf of the Parties, the Judgment in the Suit was reserved on
    01.12.2025.

    SUBMISSIONS ON BEHALF OF THE PLAINTIFF:

    8. The learned Counsel for the Plaintiff made the following submissions:

    8.1 The Plaintiff is a wholly owned subsidiary of Sun
    Pharmaceuticals Industries Limited, which started the business
    of marketing pharmaceutical products in the year 1978. The
    Plaintiff markets drugs and formulations in more than 150
    countries of the world under its extensive range of distinctive
    Trade Marks and Trade Names and has been referred to in trade
    circles as ‘SUN’ and ‘SUN PHARMA’. The Plaintiff has a
    consolidated annual turnover of over ₹3,00,00,00,00,000
    globally. The Plaintiff is now ranked as No. 1 Pharma Company
    in India in a total of 11 specialties and is the world’s 4th largest
    Generic Pharmaceutical Company.

    8.2 The Plaintiff’s manufacturing operations are focused on
    producing generics, branded generics, specialty, over-the-

    counter products, anti-retrovirals, Active Pharmaceutical
    Ingredients (“APIs”) and intermediates in the full range of
    dosage forms, including tablets, capsules, injectables,
    ointments, creams and liquids. The Plaintiff also manufactures
    specialty APIs, including controlled substances, steroids,
    peptides and anti-cancers. The Plaintiff has a highly skilled
    Signature Not Verified
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    team of regulatory affairs specialists who are well versed with
    regulatory, policies and procedures around the world. The
    Plaintiff has a wealth of experience in the timely filing of
    dossiers as well as handling regulatory queries from both
    authorities and customers.

    8.3 The Plaintiff’s predecessor, Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.,
    coined the Plaintiff’s Mark in the year 1983 and accordingly
    obtained a Trade Mark registration for the same, the details of
    which are as follows:

                                      Trade Mark      Cl.   Registration no.              Goods
                                                                & Date
                                       BEVETEX         5     410744 dated      Medicinal & Pharmaceutical
                                                              16.09.1983       preparations for human use
    
    
    

    8.4 The Plaintiff’s Mark is entitled to maximum protection as the
    same is an invented mark containing Molecule / Salt
    ‘PACLITAXEL’. The Plaintiff on account of registration has a
    statutory right to the exclusive use of the Plaintiff’s Mark and
    the use of the same or a deceptively similar Trade Mark by an
    unauthorised person or trader in relation to the similar kind of
    goods will constitute infringement of the Plaintiff’s right of the
    exclusive use and the registered Trade Mark under the
    provisions of the Trade Marks Act, 1999 (“Act”).
    8.5 The Plaintiff has been selling the Plaintiff’s Drug since the year
    2015. The Plaintiff has taken efforts to popularize Plaintiff’s
    Drug and has expended substantial sums of money on sales
    promotion and publicity of the Plaintiff’s Drug bearing the
    Plaintiff’s Mark. Due to superior quality and high efficacy of

    Signature Not Verified
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    the Plaintiff’s Drug bearing the Plaintiff’s Mark, continuous
    and extensive use of the Plaintiff’s Mark and large sales of the
    Plaintiff’s Drug as also wide publicity given to the Plaintiff’s
    Drug bearing the Plaintiff’s Mark, the Plaintiff has acquired
    immense reputation and goodwill in the Plaintiff’s Mark and
    the goods sold thereunder. Consequently, the members of the
    trade, public as also the doctors and chemists exclusively
    associate the Plaintiff’s Mark with the Plaintiff and the
    Plaintiff’s Drug and with none else. The statement of sales and
    promotional expenses qua the Plaintiff’s Drug under the
    Plaintiff’s Mark is as under:

                                       Year                     Expenses                    Sales
                                                          Rs. In Lac (Approx)      Rs. In Lac (Approx)
                                     2015-16                      18.99                    379.97
                                     2016-17                      34.80                    696.09
                                      Total                       53.79                   1076.06
    
    
    

    8.6 The Plaintiff came across the publication of the Application for
    registration of the Impugned Mark under Trade Mark
    Application No. 3254683 dated 09.05.2016 filed by the
    Defendant on a proposed to be used basis. The Plaintiff
    immediately filed its notice of Opposition (“Opposition”)
    before the Trade Marks Registry on 27.12.2016. The
    Opposition proceedings are currently pending. Sometime in the
    third week of December 2017, the Plaintiff came across the
    Defendant’s Drug under the Impugned Mark selling in Delhi.
    The Plaintiff upon enquiry came to know that the Defendant

    Signature Not Verified
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    has launched the Defendant’s Drug under the Impugned Mark
    sometime in October 2017.

    8.7 The Defendant’s Drug although a cancer drug contains a
    different salt namely ‘BEVACIZUMAB’ and is used for the
    treatment of colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer,
    lung cancer and recurrent glioblastoma. Wrong administration
    of drugs can prove fatal. A comparison between the competing
    drugs is enumerated below:

                              Product           Bevetex              Bevatas                   Remarks
                              features
                              Company           Sun Pharma           Intas
                              What is the       This is Paclitaxel   Monoclonal antibody,      Very different
                              product           Injection            used as anti-angiogenic   class of drugs with
                                                Concentrate for      agent to treat various    different
                                                Nanodispersion       cancer indications        indications &
                                                                                               mode of action
                              Presentation      Vials of 100mg &     Vials 100mg & 400mg       Almost same
                                                300mg
                              Dosage            260 mg / m2 to       10 to 15 mg / kg
                              approved          295 mg / m2 every    repeated every 2 or 3
                                                21 days              weeks
                              Route of          IV Infusion          IV Infusion               Same
                              administration
                              Effective dose    400 mg               700 - 900 mg (2 vials    400mg Bevetex &
                              based on BSA                           or more of 400mg         Bevetas can be
                                                                     used).                   confused at the
                                                                     100mg for titration      pharmacy / para
                                                                                              medical level
                              Broadly           Metastatic breast    1) Metastatic colorectal Non overlapping
                              recommended       cancer               cancer,                  indications.
                              for                                    2) Unresectable,         Patient may get
                                                                     locally advanced,        wrong drug for the
                                                                     recurrent or metastatic given indication.
                                                                     non-squamous NSCLC This may cause
                                                                     3) Recurrent             severe / life
                                                                     glioblastoma             threatening
                                                                     4) Metastatic renal cell complications
                                                                     carcinoma,               with no tumour
    Signature Not Verified
    Signed By:NEELAM
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                                                                   5) Recurrent or            kill effect
                                                                  metastatic cervical
                                                                  cancer
                                                                  6) Recurrent epithelial
                                                                  ovarian, fallopian tube,
                                                                  or primary peritoneal
                                                                  cancer that is:
                                                                  platinum-resistant or
                                                                  platinum-sensitive
                              Most common    Pain, peripheral     Gastrointestinal           Very different
                              side effects   neuropathy,          perforation, surgery &     toxicity profile.
                                             neutropenia,         wound healing              Life threatening
                                             leucopenia,          complications, severe      toxicities observed
                                             alopecia, mucosal    & fatal Hemorrhage         with Bevacizumab
                                             inflammation,
                                             asthenia, pyrexia,
                                             nausea, vomiting
    
    
    

    8.8 The Defendant has unlawfully adopted the Impugned Mark.

    Being in pharmaceutical business, the Defendant is well aware
    of the Plaintiff’s adoption and use of the Plaintiff’s Mark. The
    Impugned Mark is structurally, visually and phonetically
    similar to the Plaintiff’s Mark. The competing medicines are
    sold in the same dosage form, i.e., injections and are sold at
    similar prices. Such adoption also amounts to unfair trade
    practice, unfair competition and dilution. Such act also amounts
    to misrepresentation and misappropriation of the Plaintiff’s
    goodwill in the Plaintiff’s Mark.

    8.9 Both the Plaintiff’s Drug and the Impugned Drug are used for
    treatment of cancer. Both of the competing drugs are Schedule-
    H drugs and also come in a single pack injection vials of 100
    mg dosage. The Defendant’s Drug is also sold for a price nearly
    identical to the price of the Plaintiff’s Drug. If the wrong drug

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    is given to the cancer patient undergoing treatment it can lead
    to disastrous consequences, hence, it is in public interest that
    the use of the Impugned Mark is restrained and therefore the
    Plaintiff has also given up its claim for damages and limited the
    relief to restrain the use of the Impugned Mark so as to avoid
    disastrous results.

    8.10 In a case like the present where the molecule/ salt contained in
    the competing drugs, i.e., ‘PACLITEXEL’ and
    ‘BEVACIZUMAB’, cannot be easily pronounced, can one
    expect the patients / their attendants / chemist and their staff /
    nurses to know the finer difference between chemical
    compounds and biological compounds. Courts have repeatedly
    held that courts are not to speculate if there shall be confusion
    or not as the test of deceptive similarity is stringent and the
    threshold of confusion is low. Judicial notice has been taken in
    the judgment of Cadila Healthcare v. Cadila Pharmaceuticals,
    AIR 2001 SC 1952, that prescription drugs are sold even
    without prescription.

    8.11 Prescription does not contain name of the salt or the Trade
    Dress / packaging of the drug. The competing Marks are not to
    be compared side by side. The test of confusion is to see if an
    average person with imperfect recollection would get confused
    as has been held in Corn Products. v. Shangrila Food, AIR
    1960 SC 142. The consumer / patient does not know the
    difference between the salts. One cannot even pronounce the
    competing salts / molecules therefore, to be able to distinguish
    between the two is not possible.

    Signature Not Verified
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    8.12 Section 29(3) of the Act also contains a presumption that when
    there is identity between two competing Marks and goods, the
    Courts shall presume that the Impugned Mark is likely to cause
    confusion. It has been held in the decisions of Novartis v. Crest
    Pharma
    , 2009 (41) PTC 57 (Del), Charak Pharma.
    v.
    Glenmark, 2014 (57) PTC 538 (Bom) and Sun Pharma v.
    Glenmark, (2023) SCC Online Del 3786, that it is more
    dangerous when identical or deceptively similar Marks are used
    for drugs for different ailments.

    8.13 It is the likelihood of confusion, which needs to be seen and not
    the actual confusion. The Impugned Mark has close
    resemblance to the Plaintiff’s Mark. The first and last syllable
    are almost identical in the competing Marks and therefore the
    Impugned Mark is deceptively similar to the Plaintiff’s Mark
    which is likely to cause confusion which will have dangerous
    consequences which can prove to be fatal. The Plaintiff’s Drug
    and the Defendant’s Drug are used for overlapping cancers,
    namely Lung and Breast cancer, in the background of medical
    negligence cases and medicines are sold without prescription or
    with prescriptions with illegible handwriting, Courts are not to
    speculate as to whether there is a probability of confusion
    between similar names as has been held in Cadila Healthcare
    v. Cadila Pharmaceuticals
    (supra) judgment.

    8.14 The present Suit has been instituted by the Plaintiff with
    authorisation. Power of Attorney in favour of Mr. Amit
    Aggarwal issued by the Plaintiff was filed on record on
    17.02.2018 after serving advance copy to the Defendant’s
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    Counsel, Ms. Isha Tyagi, Advocate, through email of the same
    date. The original Power of Attorney was shown during trial at
    the time of exhibiting documents and was exhibited as Ex. PW
    1/1.

    8.15 Accordingly, the Plaintiff is entitled to a relief of permanent
    injunction against the use of the Impugned Mark by the
    Defendant.

    SUBMISSIONS ON BEHALF OF THE DEFENDANT:

    9. The learned Counsel for the Defendant made the following
    submissions:

    9.1 It is fundamental to Trade Mark law that the competing Marks
    are to be compared as a whole to ascertain similarity and
    likelihood of confusion. The Plaintiff’s Mark and the Impugned
    Mark are entirely different and there can be no likelihood of
    confusion or deception and / or similarity between the two
    Marks. The Plaintiff’s Mark and the Impugned Mark are totally
    different, dissimilar and distinct. The competing Marks are
    visually and phonetically dissimilar and there cannot be
    likelihood of confusion at any level. Even the Drugs sold under
    these marks are administered under the supervision of
    specialists in different ways. The Marks are visually,
    structurally and phonetically different as compared below:

                                      PLAINTIFF'S MARK                            IMPUGNED MARK
                              BEVETEX                                     BEVATAS
    

    Phonetics of the mark starts with phonics Phonetics of the mark starts with
    BEVE phonics BEVA
    Phonetics of the mark ends with phonics Phonetics of the mark ends with
    TEX phonics TAS
    No visual similarity as the labels are No visual similarity as the labels are

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    completely different. completely different.

    The Trade Mark is qualified by the name The Trade Mark is qualified by the
    of its chemical compound being name of its chemical compound being
    “PACLITAXEL” “BEVACIZUMAB”

    9.2 The Defendant had also applied for the registration of the
    Impugned Mark. When the Impugned Mark was examined by
    the Examiner of Trade Marks, he did not cite any conflicting
    Marks and the Application for registration of the Impugned
    Mark was accepted for advertisement. Even the Trade Marks
    Registry did not find any similarity between the Plaintiff’s
    Mark and the Impugned Mark.

    9.3 The Defendant’s Drug contains the compound
    ‘BEVACIZUMAB’ under the Impugned Mark. The Defendant
    has been manufacturing and selling the Defendant’s Drug at
    least since 2016 and has obtained all required permissions from
    the concerned authorities. The Defendant has coined / invented
    the Impugned Mark by amalgamating the words ‘BEVA’
    derived from or referable to the active ingredient
    ‘BEVACIZUMAB’ and ‘TAS’ from the Defendant’s Trade
    Name, INTAS, a pharmaceutical company of trade repute and
    standing since the last several decades. Various clinical trials
    were conducted by the Defendant and said trials were approved
    by the appropriate authorities. The said permission was granted
    by Drug Controller General of India, Directorate General of
    Health Services on 23.06.2016 and 27.06.2016 respectively and

    Signature Not Verified
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    thereafter by the Deputy Commissioner, Food and Drugs
    Control Administration, Gujarat State, Gandhinagar on
    30.07.2016.

    9.4 The Plaintiff’s Drug contains Molecule / Salt ‘PACLITAXEL’
    under the Plaintiff’s Mark as a scheduled drug for treatment of
    breast cancer, non-small lung cancer and pancreatic cancer.
    Admittedly the Plaintiff avers to have started selling the
    Plaintiff’s Drug only since the year 2015 even though the
    Plaintiff has claimed to have invented the Plaintiff’s Mark in
    the year 1983. Thus, the Plaintiff has mala fidely hoarded the
    Plaintiff’s Mark. The Plaintiff has no goodwill or recognition
    with the mark owing to non-use until 2015. The Plaintiff’s
    Witness in his cross-examination has admitted that the Plaintiff
    was not using the Plaintiff’s Mark from 1983 until 2015.
    Further, the Supreme Court in the judgment of Neon
    Laboratories Ltd. v. Medical Technologies Ltd.
    , 2016 (2) SCJ
    260, held that Section 47 of the Act is in the same vein and
    statutory strain inasmuch as it postulates the possibility of a
    registered mark being taken off the register on an application
    being made by any aggrieved person, inter alia, on the ground
    that for a continuous period of five years and three months from
    the date on which the trade mark was registered, there was no
    bona fide use thereof.

    9.5 The turnover of the Defendant’s Drug is more than that of the
    Plaintiff’s Drug. It cannot therefore be said that the Defendant
    is trying to encash upon the reputation and goodwill of the
    Plaintiff’s Mark.

    Signature Not Verified
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    9.6 The Plaintiff’s Drug and the Defendant’s Drug are Schedule H,
    IV Injection drugs and cannot be self-administered. They are
    also not ‘Over The Counter’ drugs or for that matter easily /
    readily available for self-medication. Indications and effect of
    both the drugs are different and is well known to the experts
    and medical practitioners who prescribe these drugs. Moreover,
    these drugs are available only on prescriptions and can be
    administered to patients only by or under the supervision of
    highly specialized super specialist oncologists. Thus, there
    cannot be any likelihood of confusion. The modes of
    administration and the drug formulations of the competing
    marks are completely different. The Plaintiff has itself admitted
    that the Plaintiff’s Mark and the Impugned Mark themselves
    point out their main molecule which belong to different
    pharmacological groups. Further, due to the distinct and
    different nature of the main molecules, the modes of
    administration of the two products also become different. A
    chart comparing the 4 modes of administration of the
    Defendant’s Drug and the Plaintiff’s Drug is as below:

                                 PARTICULARS                   BEVATAS                       BEVETEX
                              Reconstitution            It should be diluted with    It should be diluted with
                                                        0.9% sodium chloride         5%       w/v     dextrose
                                                        solution for injection.      injection in 1:20 ratio.
                                                        The concentration of the     Each ml of reconstituted
                                                        final        Bevacizumab     nanodispersion contains 5
                                                        solution should be kept      mg paclitaxel (Drug
    

    within the range of 1.4 to concentration will be 5
    16.5 mg/ml. mg/ml).

                              Administration            The initial dose should be   It has to be administered
    
    Signature Not Verified
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                                                         delivered     over       90 as intravenous infusion
                                                        minutes as an IV over 30 minutes every 3
                                                        infusion. If the first weeks.
                                                        infusion is well tolerated,
                                                        the second infusion may
                                                        be administered over 60
                                                        minutes. If the 60-minute
                                                        infusion is well tolerated,
                                                        all subsequent infusions
                                                        may be administered over
                                                        30                minutes.
                                                        Bevacizumab       infusion
                                                        frequency varies from 2
                                                        weekly to 3 weekly
                                                        depending       on      the
                                                        indication.
    
    
    

    9.7 The process of infusion is a half or full day process, depending
    upon the medical condition of the patient. It is an ‘Intravenous
    Product’ and cannot be self-administered. Entire process of
    infusion is done under constant monitoring, guidance and
    supervision of super specialists. Medical practitioners
    prescribing or administering the drug are super specialists like
    oncologists and radiologists and the drugs can be administered
    only under their supervision by trained and skilled personnel
    within oncology centres. The Plaintiff’s Witness admitted the
    fact that the Plaintiff’s Drug cannot be administered by the
    Patient on his own. This Court in Kalindi Medicure Pvt. Ltd. v.
    Intas Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
    , 2007 (34) PTC 18 (Del) held that
    the method of intake of the drug is not to be ignored.
    9.8 Admittedly, both the Plaintiff’s Drug and the Defendant’s Drug
    contain totally different molecules / salt. The Plaintiff’s Drug is
    a product of chemical formulation ‘PACLITAXEL’ which is a
    Signature Not Verified
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    synthetic chemical compound. Whereas the Defendant’s Drug
    is a biosimilar product ‘BEVACIZUMAB’ which is a DNA in
    nature. Though both the drugs are cancer drugs, there is a
    remarkable difference in the products. The name of the salts is
    predominantly reflected on packaging of the two products,
    further, the use of the prefix ‘BEVA’ is common to trade and the
    Defendant has several products with the suffix ‘TAS’.
    9.9 The Defendant’s Drug costs three times more than the
    Plaintiff’s Drug. The Defendant’s Drug is a biological /
    biosimilar drug which involves extremely expensive clinical
    trials. There are also technical differences between the
    Plaintiff’s Drug and the Defendant’s Drug which is
    demonstrated as under:

                                  BRAND NAME: BEVATAS                       BRAND NAME: BEVETEX
                              Defendant's drug                         Plaintiff's drug
                              Molecule:                                Molecule:
                              Bevacizumab for injection                Paclitaxel injection concentration for
                                                                       Nano dispersion
                              Type of Drug:                            Type of Drug:
                              rDNA Drug                                Synthetic Chemical Drug
                              Dosage form:                             Dosage form:
                              100mg and 400mg for injection            100mg and 300mg for injection
                              Route of Administration:                 Route of Administration:
                              Intra venous injection and need to be    Intra venous injection and need to
                              administered by trained oncology         administered by trained oncology
                              nurses at a multi-speciality hospital    nurses at a multi-speciality hospital
    

    under supervision of medical or surgical under supervision of medical or surgical
    oncologists. Unlike other injectable oncologists. Unlike other injectable
    medicines it cannot be administered at medicines it cannot be administered at
    any common hospital or clinic. Bevatas any common hospital or clinic.
    cannot be sold without prescription of
    an oncologist.

                              Therapy:                                 Therapy:
                              For the treatment purpose                For the treatment purpose
                              IMS category:                            IMS category:
    Signature Not Verified
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                               Monoclonal antibody (Anti Vascular         Cytotoxic agent or microtubule
                              endothelial growth factor)                 inhibitor
                              Prescribed by:                             Prescribed by:
                              Medical / Surgical and Radiation           Medical / Surgical and Radiation
                              Oncologist                                 Oncologist
                              Product appearance:                        Product appearance:
                              Vial for injection in a single pack        Vial for injection in a single pack
                              Indication:                                Indication:
                              First-line treatment of non-squamous       After      failure     of     combination
                              NSCLC         in    combination     with   chemotherapy for Metastatic breast
                              platinumbased              chemotherapy.   cancer (mBC) or relapse within 6
                              Metastatic carcinoma of the colon or       months of adjuvant chemotherapy.
                              rectum (mCRC). Advanced and/or
                              metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC).
                              Epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube and
                              primary peritoneal cancer. Cervical
                              Cancer. Glioblastoma. Metastatic breast
                              cancer (mBC).
                              Type of medicine:                          Type of medicine:
                              Hospital based medicine, need to supply    Hospital based medicine, need to supply
                              against prescription of registered         against prescription of registered
    

    medical practitioner or oncologist only. medical practitioner or oncologist only.

                              Need to be administered as an intra        Need to be administered as an intra
                              venous injection by trained oncology       venous injection by trained oncology
                              nurses under the supervision of            nurses under the supervision of
                              registered medical practitioner (90        registered medical practitioner (30
                              minutes infusion)                          minutes infusion)
                              MRP:                                       MRP:
                              Bevatas: Rs. 39995/- for 400mg and Rs.     Bevetex: Rs. 37000/- for 300mg and Rs.
                              25990/- for 100mg                          12500/- for 100mg
                              Dose:                                      Dose:
                              The recommended dose of bevacizumab        260 mg/m2 and Bevetex 295 mg/m2
                              is 7.5 mg/kg or 15 mg/kg of body           every 3 weeks as IV infusion over 30
                              weight given once every 3 weeks as an      minutes.
                              IV infusion in non-small cell lung
                              cancer. Advanced and/or metastatic
                              renal cell cancer (mRCC) : The
                              recommended dose of bevacizumab is
                              10 mg/kg of body weight given once
                              every 2 weeks as an IV infusion.
                              Epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube and
                              primary      peritoneal    cancer:  The
                              recommended dose of bevacizumab is
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                               15mg/kg of body weight given once
                              every 3 weeks as an IV infusion.
    
    
    

    9.10 No case of infringement or passing off has been made out and
    the Plaintiff has failed to establish sufficient grounds for grant
    of an injunction in its favour. There is no evidence to show that
    the Plaintiff has acquired goodwill and reputation in the
    Plaintiff’s Mark. The Impugned Mark, on the contrary, has
    acquired considerable reputation and goodwill in a short span
    of time. The motive of the Plaintiff is to curb healthy
    competition in the market. The launch of the Defendant’s Drug
    was aimed at making the compound ‘BEVACIZUMAB’
    accessible for Indian patients. Before the launch of the
    Defendant’s Drug, only approximately 200 patients per month
    could afford the ‘BEVACIZUMAB’ therapy. However, now
    there has been a phenomenal increase and roughly 700 patients
    get benefited, of which the Defendant’s Product is the most
    preferred product.

    9.11 The drug formulations of the Plaintiff’s Drug and the
    Defendant’s Drug are completely different along with their
    modes of administration. There cannot be any likelihood of
    confusion as these drugs are Schedule H drugs and cannot be
    sold off the shelf. Indications and effects of both the drugs are
    different and are known to the experts and medical practitioners
    who prescribe and administer these drugs. The Plaintiff had
    contented in the Plaint that there is likelihood of confusion
    between the competing marks. However, the Plaintiff suddenly

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    shifted its stand making a bald misleading averment that actual
    confusion had taken place. However, the Plaintiff has failed to
    file any documentary proof establishing an instance of actual
    confusion.

    9.12 The view that the competing drugs are Schedule-H drugs which
    are available only through prescription will also have a material
    bearing while deciding the question of infringement, has also
    been upheld in the judgment of Astrazeneca UK Limited v.
    Orchid Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals Limited
    , 2007 (34)
    PTC 469 (Del).
    In Gufic Ltd. & Anr. v. Clinique Laboratories,
    LLC & Anr.
    , 2010 (43) PTC 788 (Del), it was held that the
    price differential between the two products being so vast that no
    consumer of products of either the appellant or the respondent
    would confuse one for the other is also a relevant factor while
    deciding the question of infringement.

    9.13 In the judgment of Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. v.

    Anglo French Drugs & Industries Ltd., 2015 (63) PTC 580
    (Del), it was held that the judgment in Cadila Healthcare v.
    Cadila Pharmaceuticals
    (supra) cannot lead to the conclusion
    that any slight resemblance of phonetic similarity between two
    marks would automatically satisfy the test of confusion to a
    man of average intelligence having imperfect recollection. Both
    marks have to be seen as a whole.
    In the judgment of Schering
    Corporation v. Alkem Laboratories
    , 2010 (42) PTC 772 (Del),
    it was held that the appellants cannot appropriate to themselves
    the exclusive use of a generic term which is publici juris and
    descriptive, the fact that the drugs in question are Schedule-H
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    drugs and that there are vast price differences also have a
    bearing while deciding the question of infringement of trade
    mark.

    9.14 The Plaintiff has approached this Court with unclean hands and
    has suppressed relevant information. The Plaintiff filed
    Opposition against the Application for registration of the
    Impugned Mark. The Defendant filed the detailed response to
    the Opposition on 28.03.2017. The Defendant had launched the
    Defendant’s Drug in October 2016, the launch was extensively
    covered in the media. Therefore, the Plaintiff has been well
    aware of the Defendant’s Drug since 2016. However, the
    Plaintiff blatantly misrepresented facts and had filed the present
    Suit on frivolous cause of action with ulterior motive to deprive
    the Defendant of its lawful right.

    9.15 The alleged cause of action that there could be confusion
    leading to false administration of drug and the sale of
    Defendant’s Drug is thus not in public interest is completely
    unreal, far stretched and frivolous. The allegation of chances of
    confusion are premised on mere assumption that the Plaintiff’s
    Mark and the Impugned Mark are deceptively similar which is
    not the case. Further, the Plaintiff’s Drug and the Impugned
    Drug are not off the shelf products and are prescribed and
    administered by experts in oncology and the chances of
    confusion and wrong administration are only hypothetical
    arguments. There is also gross impropriety on the part of the
    Plaintiff for claiming that the cause of action only arose in the
    third week of December, 2017, since the Plaintiff had opposed
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    the Defendant’s Application for registration of the Impugned
    Mark in 2016 and further the launch of the Defendant’s Drug
    was also in 2016. Thus, the cause of action of the present Suit is
    clearly manufactured and the Plaintiff has approached the Court
    with unclean hands.

    REJOINDER SUBMISSIONS ON BEHALF OF THE PLAINTIFF

    10. The learned Counsel for the Plaintiff made the following rejoinder
    submissions:

    10.1 The Defendant has submitted that the competing drugs have
    different drug formulations and effects. The Defendant has
    alleged that there shall be no confusion because the competing
    drugs are scheduled drugs and are administered under the
    supervision, control, administration of specialized doctors. This
    defence has been rejected in the judgment of Cadila
    Healthcare v. Cadila Pharmaceuticals
    (supra).
    10.2 Examination Report issued by the Trade Marks Registry is an
    e-report obtained by a mechanical process without application
    of mind. It is result thrown electronically within the internal
    data base. If search report is held to be conclusive then there is
    no need for the Trade Marks Registrar to publish a Mark and
    invite opposition. Therefore, if that is so, once there are no
    conflicting marks shown in the examination report, the mark
    should be automatically registered. Which is never the case.

    The Application for registration of the Defendant’s Mark has
    been opposed by the Plaintiff and the same is pending disposal.
    10.3 Trade Marks are not to be dissected for the purposes of
    comparison, which is against the Anti-Dissection Rule. The
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    Marks are to be compared as a whole. The Plaintiff is not
    claiming any right in the suffix ‘BEV’. In the judgment of
    United Biotech v. Orchid Chemicals, 2012 (50) PTC4 33 (Del)
    (DB), it was held that the overall impression of the product
    created in the minds of an ordinary shopper should be looked at
    while deciding on the aspect of infringement, and the rival
    marks should not be dissected into two words. It was further
    held that minor differences are not to be found very technically
    in case of conflicting marks. Further, common to register does
    not prove common to trade.
    Various marks containing prefix
    ‘BEV’ have been applied for / pending before Trade Marks
    Registry does not prove that they are in use as has been held in
    Century Traders v. Roshan Lal Duggar, AIR 1978 Delhi 250.

    The defence of prefix having been derived from salt, and
    common to trade, have been rejected by this Court in Cadila
    Healthcare v. Aureate Healthcare
    , 2012 (51) PTC 585 (Del).

    Further, plea of common use shall fail unless substantial usage
    by others persons proven as has been held in Pankaj Goel v.
    Dabur India Ltd.
    2008 (38) PTC 49 (Del).

    10.4 The Defendant lead evidence through its sole witness Sh.

    Mehul Pathak (“DW1”) by filing his Affidavit in evidence,
    which was exhibited as DW 1/A. The evidence given by DW1
    cannot be relied upon by this Court as he had been evasive and
    deposed falsely. He also chose not to answer whenever he felt
    that his answer would expose his false deposition. The evidence
    of DW1 is not credible as he contradicted himself several times
    and was continuously changing his stand. On most of the
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    occasions when a question was put to DW1, he simply evaded
    the questions by answering that ‘it is a matter of record’ or that
    ‘I am not aware’. Such answers by DW1 suggests an admission
    on his behalf and also consolidates the evasive conduct of the
    DW1.

    10.5 There is no delay in filing the present Suit. The Suit was filed
    immediately in December 2017 on acquiring knowledge of the
    use of the Impugned Mark for the Defendant’s Drug in the
    same month. As has been held in Midas Hygiene Industries
    (P.) Ltd. v. Sudhir Bhatia & Ors., (2004) 3 SCC 90, delay
    cannot be a ground for refusing injunction. The Plaintiff in
    December 2016 opposed the Defendant’s Application for the
    registration of the Impugned Mark immediately upon its
    publication in 24.10.2016.

    10.6 There is no hoarding of the Plaintiff’s Mark by the Plaintiff.

    There is a concept of deemed user under the Act and use is not
    required to be shown in an infringement suit as has been held in
    Gujarat Bottling Co. Ltd. & Ors. v. Coca Cola Co. & Ors.,
    (1995) 5 SCC 545 and Wockhardt Ltd. v. Eden Healthcare,
    2014 SCC OnLine Bom 163. The Plaintiff is admittedly the
    prior user of the Plaintiff’s Mark. The statutory defenses
    provided in Section 30, 34 and 35 of the Act are not available to
    the Defendant. Hoarding of Trade Marks is no statutory defense
    and hence has no bearing.

    10.7 Honest and concurrent use is a ground for obtaining registration
    under Section 12 of the Act but not a defence to an injunction
    action. Neither the use is honest nor it is concurrent. The
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    Defendant’s Application for registration of the Impugned Mark
    is opposed and the Defendant has no registration. Dishonest
    adoption and use run the risk of being challenged for
    infringement.

    10.8 The judgment in Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. v. Anglo
    French Drugs & Industries Ltd.
    (supra) has been set aside by
    the Supreme Court by the consent of the parties.
    It has been
    held in the judgment of Saregama India Limited v. Balaji
    Motion Pictures
    , 2019 SCC OnLine Del 10036, that even if a
    judgment has been set aside by the appellate court at the
    consent of the parties, or for whatever reason it maybe, the
    judgment cannot be cited as a precedent.

    10.9 The Plaintiff has, in Paragraph No. 23 of the Plaint, stated that
    the cause of action arose in favour of the Plaintiff when the
    Plaintiff’s representative came across the Defendant’s Drug
    under the Impugned Mark selling in Delhi. The present Suit is
    filed for relief against infringement of Plaintiff’s statutory
    rights, apart from common law rights, and therefore it cannot be
    said that there is no cause of action.

    ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS:

    Issue Nos. 1 and 2
    WHETHER THE PLAINTIFF IS THE REGISTERED PROPRIETOR AND
    PRIOR USER OF THE TRADE MARK ‘BEVETEX’

    11. Admittedly, the Plaintiff is engaged in manufacture, distribution and
    sale of Schedule-H Drug used for treatment of breast cancer, non-small cell
    lung cancer and pancreatic cancer under the Mark ‘BEVETEX’ and has
    registration for the following Trade Mark:

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                                        Trade Mark        Cl.      Registration no.            Goods
                                                                      & Date
                                        BEVETEX            5       410744 dated      Medicinal           &
                                                                    16.09.1983       Pharmaceutical
                                                                                     preparations for human
                                                                                     use
    
    
    

    12. The Plaintiff has registered the Plaintiff’s Mark in Class 05 in 1983
    and has been using it since 2015. The Defendant has claimed the use of the
    Impugned Mark since 2016, subsequent to the registration and use of the
    Plaintiff’s Mark. The Plaintiff has produced documentary and oral evidence
    in support of its registration and use of the Plaintiff’s Mark. The Plaintiff has
    also established that the Plaintiff’s Mark is a uniquely coined term and that it
    is inherently distinctive. Admittedly, the Plaintiff was the prior user and the
    proprietor of the registered Mark, ‘BEVETEX’.

    13. Accordingly, the Plaintiff is the proprietor of the Plaintiff’s Mark. The
    Plaintiff’s Mark is entitled to the highest degree of protection, restraining
    infringement based on the registration since the year 1983.

    14. Accordingly, Issue Nos. 1 and 2 are decided in favour of the Plaintiff
    and against the Defendant.

    Issue Nos. 9 and 10
    WHETHER THE DEFENDANT IS THE PROPRIETOR, HONEST AND
    PRIOR USER OF THE MARK ‘BEVATAS’

    15. The Defendant has coined and adopted the Impugned Mark in 2016,
    while the Plaintiff had obtained registration for the Plaintiff’s Mark in 1983
    and started manufacturing the Plaintiff’s Drug under the Plaintiff’s Mark in
    2015 which is also prior to the claimed use of the Defendant’s Drug.

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    16. There is nothing on record to show that the adoption of the Impugned
    Mark by the Defendant was dishonest, nonetheless, honest subsequent use is
    not a valid defence in a suit for infringement of Trade Mark. The Plaintiff
    has obtained the registration for the Plaintiff’s Mark in 1983 while the
    Defendant filed the Application for the registration of the Impugned Mark in
    2016, which has been opposed by the Plaintiff. The Opposition proceedings
    against registration of the Impugned Mark are pending.

    17. Even if the Defendant’s reasoning behind the adoption of the
    Impugned Mark, i.e., the Impugned Mark was coined by amalgamating the
    words ‘BEVA’ derived from or referable to the active ingredient
    ‘BEVACIZUMAB’ and ‘TAS’ from the Defendant’s Trade Name, INTAS is
    accepted, the Defendant is not the prior user of the Impugned Mark.

    18. Accordingly, Issue Nos. 9 and 10 are decided in favour of the Plaintiff
    and against the Defendant.

    Issue Nos. 3 and 4
    WHETHER THE USE OF THE MARK ‘BEVATAS’ BY THE
    DEFENDANT AMOUNTS TO INFRINGEMENT OF THE PLAINTIFF’S
    MARK ‘BEVETEX’

    19. The Impugned Mark, ‘BEVATAS’, is structurally and phonetically
    similar to the Plaintiff’s Mark, ‘BEVETEX’. An average consumer of
    average intelligence and imperfect recollection is likely to get confused
    between the competing Marks. The first and last syllable are almost identical
    in the competing Marks and, therefore, the Impugned Mark is structurally
    and phonetically similar to the Plaintiff’s Mark, which is likely to cause
    confusion.

    20. The two competing Marks are to be compared as a whole and as per
    the anti-dissection rule, if the Plaintiff’s Mark and the Impugned Mark are
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    compared as a whole, they are deceptively similar and likely to cause
    confusion in the minds of the consumers with average intelligence and
    imperfect recollection.

    21. Although the Plaintiff has not claimed exclusive right over the use of
    the suffix ‘BEV’, it has claimed exclusive right over the Plaintiff’s Mark as
    a whole and as has been held in the judgment of United Biotech v. Orchid
    Chemicals
    (supra), the overall impression of the product created in the
    minds of an ordinary person should be looked at while deciding on the
    aspect of infringement, and the rival marks should not be dissected into two
    words.

    22. Further, common to register does not prove common to trade. Various
    marks containing prefix ‘BEV’ have been applied for / pending before the
    Trade Marks Registry does not prove that they are in use as has been held in
    Century Traders v. Roshan Lal Duggar (supra).
    Further, plea of common
    use shall fail unless substantial usage by other persons proven as has been
    held in Pankaj Goel v. Dabur India Ltd. (supra).

    23. Trade Mark law seeks to prevent consumer confusion regarding the
    source or sponsorship of goods and services. In assessing likelihood of
    confusion between Trade Marks, it is necessary to keep in mind that
    consumers generally rely on the overall impressions or prominent details of
    a mark, rather than retaining a photographic memory of the entire Trade
    Mark. Thus, similarity between two Trade Marks is not assessed in isolation,
    but in the context of their market use. It is also essential to consider whether
    the goods or services offered under the competing Marks are identical or
    similar.

    24. A consumer of a drug is likely not aware of the compound or salt
    behind the drug and is not expected to check the salt or compound of the
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    drug that he is purchasing. The likelihood of confusion also increases with
    the fact that both the Plaintiff’s Drug and the Defendant’s Drug are used for
    the treatment of different kinds of cancer. In order to succeed in a claim of
    infringement, and to be entitled to an injunction on that basis, the Plaintiff is
    not required to prove actual confusion, all that has to be proved is likelihood
    of confusion. Confusion between drugs treating different ailments is even
    more dangerous and, therefore, a strict approach shall be applied while
    comparing the marks as has been held in the decisions of Novartis v. Crest
    Pharma
    (supra), Charak Pharma.
    v. Glenmark (supra) and Sun Pharma v.
    Glenmark
    (supra).

    25. The judgment of the Supreme Court in Cadila Healthcare v. Cadila
    Pharmaceuticals
    (supra) holds that in pharmaceutical cases, a stricter
    approach has to be applied and the court has to ensure that there is no
    likelihood of confusion between two drugs and the mere fact that the
    products may be Schedule-H Drugs, or may be differently priced, does not
    mitigate the possibility or likelihood of confusion. Public health is of
    paramount importance and there could be no leniency whatsoever with
    respect to subject matters concerning public health and any likelihood of
    confusion between two drugs has to be avoided.

    26. Schedule-H drugs differ from Schedule-L drugs in their availability
    and handling. Schedule-L drugs are accessible exclusively to physicians,
    whose expertise reduces the likelihood of confusion from their perspective.
    In contrast, Schedule-H drugs are dispensed by prescription and involve not
    only doctors, but also pharmacists, who supply these medicines to patients
    upon receipt of a valid prescription.

    27. The probability of confusion significantly increases when
    prescriptions are managed by pharmacists and patients or individuals
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    purchasing medication on their behalf. Moreover, first-time buyers may lack
    knowledge regarding drug pricing, rendering price distinctions less relevant.
    Thus, the risk of confusion in dealing with pharmaceutical products arises
    not only at the prescribing stage but also during dispensing and purchase.
    Any potential for confusion at any point, particularly concerning
    pharmaceutical preparations, is sufficient to justify the issuance of an
    injunction.

    28. In view of the structural and phonetic similarity of the Plaintiff’s
    Mark and the Impugned Mark, the competing Marks being used for similar
    products, i.e., medicinal and pharmaceutical preparations for human use,
    more particularly targeting different kinds of cancers, the prior use of the
    Plaintiff’s Mark, and the likelihood of confusion, the use of the Impugned
    Mark by the Defendant amounts to infringement of the Plaintiff’s Mark.

    29. Accordingly, Issue Nos. 3 and 4 are decided in favour of the Plaintiff
    and against the Defendant.

    Issue No. 5

    WHETHER THE PLAINTIFF IS GUILTY OF HOARDING ITS MARK
    ‘BEVETEX’?

    30. Section 47 of the Act governs the right of a person to approach the
    Registrar of Trade Marks seeking removal of a registered Trade Mark from
    the Register of Trade Marks. Under Section 47(1)(b) of the Act, continuous
    non-use of a registered Trade Mark, extending up to a period of three
    months preceding the filing of the application, constitutes a valid ground
    upon which the applicant may seek cancellation of the registered Trade
    Mark from the Register of Trade Marks.

    31. Section 47 of the Act is not an exception either to Section 29 of the
    Act, or to Section 28(1) read with Section 135 of the Act, which entitles the
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    proprietor of a registered Trade Mark to an injunction against an infringer of
    such a registered Trade Mark. Any interested party can apply to the Registrar
    of Trade Marks for rectification of the Trade Mark from the Register of
    Trade Marks on the ground of five years of non-use of the registered Trade
    Mark. However, if no such application is made to the Registrar and it is not
    adjudicated upon, the registered Trade Mark remains on the Register of
    Trade Marks, and infringement of the registered Trade Marks is
    impermissible and, if infringement takes place, the proprietor of a registered
    Trade Mark is well within its right to seek reliefs against the infringement of
    its registered Trade Mark. The reliance of the Defendant on the decision in
    Neon Laboratories Ltd. v. Medical Technologies Ltd. (supra) is misplaced
    and does not help the case of the Defendant.

    32. As long as a Trade Mark is validly subsisting on the register of Trade
    Marks, the rights of the registered proprietor of Trade Mark under Section
    28(1)
    of the Act are protected. The registration by itself grants the Plaintiff
    the right to protect its Trade Mark and seek remedies against infringement of
    the Mark. Only registration of a Trade Mark is required to be shown in a suit
    for infringement of Trade Mark and actual use is not required to be shown in
    an infringement suit as has been held in the judgments of Gujarat Bottling
    Co. Ltd. & Ors. v. Coca Cola Co. & Ors.
    (supra) and Wockhardt Limited v.
    Torrent Pharmaceuticals Ltd
    (supra).

    33. Considering the facts and circumstances of the present case, the
    Defendant has not applied for rectification of the Plaintiff’s Mark from the
    Register of Trade Marks and instead adopted the Impugned Mark which is
    deceptively similar to the Plaintiff’s Mark. The Plaintiff is admittedly the
    prior user and prior registrant of the Plaintiff’s Mark and has successfully
    made out a case for infringement of the Plaintiff’s Mark and therefore, the
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    defence of non-use and hoarding of Trade Mark is not available to the
    Defendant. The Plaintiff has statutory remedies to protect the Plaintiff’s
    Mark from infringement as long as the Plaintiff’s Mark is validly subsisting
    on the Register of Trade Marks.

    34. Accordingly, Issue No. 5 is decided in favour of the Plaintiff and
    against the Defendant.

    Issue No. 6

    WHETHER THE PRESENT SUIT HAS BEEN INSTITUTED BY THE
    PLAINTIFF WITHOUT ANY AUTHORIZATION?

    35. The fact that the Suit was instituted by an authorised and competent
    individual, with the knowledge and approval of the Plaintiff, and that the
    actions of the constituted attorney have been duly ratified, is clear from
    express authority in favour of the constituted attorney viz. the Power of
    Attorney filed in the present proceedings. This Court also takes note of the
    fact that the prosecution of the suit has been done continuously by the
    Plaintiff for the last eight years. Requisite court fees have been duly paid in
    support of the Plaint.

    36. The present Suit has been instituted by the Plaintiff with due
    authorisation. Power of Attorney in favour of Mr. Amit Aggarwal issued by
    the Plaintiff was filed on record on 17.02.2018 after serving advance copy to
    the Defendant’s Counsel, Ms. Isha Tyagi, Advocate, through email of same
    date. The original Power of Attorney was shown during trial at the time of
    exhibition of documents and was exhibited as Ex. PW 1/1. The said Exhibit
    also stands proven during the course of the Trial. The Defendant has not met
    its burden to prove otherwise and has not let any evidence in its favour.

    37. Accordingly, Issue No. 6 is decided in favour of the Plaintiff and
    against the Defendant.

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    Issue No. 7

    WHETHER THE PRESENT SUIT SUFFERS FROM DELAY, LACHES
    AND ACQUIESCENCE?

    38. The burden of proving delay, laches and acquiescence, lay upon the
    Defendant. However, there is nothing on record to show that the Suit by the
    Plaintiff is delayed in any manner or there is acquiescence on the part of the
    Plaintiff to the use of the Impugned Mark by the Defendant. Acquiescence is
    a positive act. It must involve active facilitation, whether by action or
    omission, of continued infringement by the respondent. Mere inaction, even
    any, would not amount to acquiescence.

    39. The Plaintiff as soon as becoming aware of the Application for
    registration of the Impugned Mark filed the Opposition against the same and
    upon finding actual use of the Impugned Mark, the Plaintiff filed the present
    Suit for infringement of the Plaintiff’s Mark. Therefore, there has been no
    delay on behalf of the Plaintiff in filing of the present Suit.

    40. Even otherwise, the law with respect to delay while filing a suit
    against infringement of Trade Mark has been settled in a plethora of cases by
    the Supreme Court and this Court. This Court in Pankaj Goel v. Dabur
    India Ltd.
    (supra) clearly states that mere delay if any does not amount to
    acquiescence, unless accompanied by an act that indicates acceptance or
    encouragement of the infringing activities further, it is also settled that delay
    cannot be a ground for refusing injunction in cases of Trade Mark
    infringement as has been held in Hindustan Pencils v. India Stationery, 38
    (1989) DLT 54 SJ and in Midas Hygiene Industries (P.)
    Ltd. v. Sudhir
    Bhatia & Ors.
    (supra).

    41. Accordingly, Issue No. 7 is decided in favour of the Plaintiff and
    against the Defendant.

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    Issue No. 8

    WHETHER THE PLAINTIFF HAS FAILED TO DISCLOSE ANY CAUSE
    OF ACTION TO FILE THE PRESENT SUIT?

    42. In Paragraph 23 of the Plaint, the Plaintiff asserts that the cause of
    action arose when the Plaintiff’s representative observed the Defendant’s
    drug being sold in Delhi under the Impugned Mark. The present suit seeks
    relief for infringement of both statutory and common law rights; therefore, it
    cannot be concluded that there is no cause of action.

    43. The Defendant’s argument that a cause of action arises only upon
    actual confusion is not persuasive.

    44. Accordingly, Issue No. 8 is resolved in favour of the Plaintiff and
    against the Defendant.

    Issue No. 11

    RELIEF

    45. In view of the above findings, the Plaintiff is entitled to a relief of
    permanent injunction against the use of the Mark ‘BEVATAS’ with respect
    to pharmaceutical drugs. As the Plaintiff has submitted that the present Suit
    is in Public Interest, the Plaintiff has given up its claim for damages and
    rendition of accounts against the Defendant as stated in Paragraph No. 22 of
    the Plaintiff’s Replication to the Defendant’s Reply to the Application under
    Order XXXIX Rules 1 and 2 of the CPC, which is referred in Paragraph No.
    10 of the Written Submissions dated 29.05.2025. Accordingly, no direction
    is required to be passed regarding damages and rendition of accounts.

    46. In view of the above, it is declared that:

    i. The Plaintiff is the registered proprietor and continuous as well
    as prior user of the Plaintiff’s Mark, ‘BEVETEX’;

    Signature Not Verified
    Signed By:NEELAM
    SHARMA CS(COMM) 39/2023 Page 33 of 34
    Signing Date:28.03.2026
    18:57:27

    ii. The Plaintiff is not guilty of hoarding the Plaintiff’s Mark,
    ‘BEVETEX’; and
    iii. The Defendant’s use of the Impugned Mark, ‘BEVATAS’
    amounts to infringement of the Plaintiff’s Mark, ‘BEVETEX’.

    47. In view of the above, the Defendant or anyone acting on its behalf are
    permanently injuncted and restrained from manufacturing, selling, or
    offering for sale, marketing, advertising, or in any other manner dealing with
    medicinal and pharmaceutical preparations for human use using the
    Impugned Mark, ‘BEVATAS’ or any other Mark identical and / or
    deceptively similar to the Plaintiff’s Mark, ‘BEVETEX’.

    48. As the Plaintiff has stated that this Suit is in Public Interest, there shall
    be no order as to costs.

    49. Accordingly, the Suit is decreed in terms of the above directions. Let
    the Decree Sheet be drawn up accordingly. The Suit stands disposed of.

    TEJAS KARIA, J
    MARCH 28, 2026/’AK’

    50. After the pronouncement, at this stage, Mr. George Vithayathil, the
    learned Counsel for the Defendant makes a request for passing directions
    with regard to the existing stock containing the Impugned Mark
    ‘BEVATAS’.

    51. The Defendant is granted liberty to move an appropriate Application
    with regard to the same.

    TEJAS KARIA, J
    MARCH 28, 2026/’A’

    Signature Not Verified
    Signed By:NEELAM
    SHARMA CS(COMM) 39/2023 Page 34 of 34
    Signing Date:28.03.2026
    18:57:27



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