From immune checkpoint therapy to adoptive cellular therapy, immunotherapy is completely changing cancer treatment. In this episode, we will focus on various kinds of immunotherapy available.
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Immunotherapy uses the body’s own immune cells to fight cancer. Cancer cells can easily adapt and disguise with healthy cells, making it difficult to treat the disease effectively. Immunotherapy teaches the immune system to identify cancerous cells and destroy them.
Javier Munoz, director of the immunotherapy program at Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, said, “Cancer cells have a way of disguising themselves, so we need to re-educate our immune system to seek and destroy cancer cells.”
Before getting into various kinds of immunotherapy, let us first understand how immunotherapy works.
Immunotherapy helps the body’s own immune system to identify and fight cancerous cells growing inside the body. Immunotherapy harnesses the power of the body’s immune system and helps it recognize cancer.
There are various kinds of immunotherapies depending on the type of cancer. Let us take a look at them.
One: Immune checkpoint therapy
Our immune systems have some extremely powerful cells called the T cells. T cells have the power to fight cancer effectively; however, they have so much power that they can damage healthy cells in the body. The immune checkpoint regulates the T cells and helps the fight cancerous cells only. We will talk about Immune checkpoint therapy in great detail in our next episode.
Two: Cancer Vaccines
Cancer vaccines are a type of immunotherapy that assists the body in identifying cancerous cells and then destroying them.
An article published on Banner Health mentions the following:
“These vaccines assist your body in recognizing cancer cells and then stimulating your immune system to destroy them. The vaccines usually include cancer cells taken from your tumor, proteins designed to attach themselves to cancer cells or proteins specific to your tumor.”
In addition to immune checkpoint therapy and cancer vaccines, various other immunotherapies work in a similar way, such as adoptive cellular therapy, monoclonal antibodies, and cytokine therapy.
While immunotherapy is the next level of cancer treatment, they are also notorious for attacking healthy cells; however, researchers are working on controlling the negative aspects of immunotherapy.
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